Prepare a report on How To Stop Cyber- Attacks
- Country :
Australia
Introduction
Cyber-attacks are becoming more common in the industry today. There are many sources with different ideas about cyber security. Some sources discuss it differently according to their effects. The discussion of different sources and the reliability of their information is important because it helps advance the knowledge of cyber-attacks. It combines different ideas from different sources. This discussion will help improve the knowledge of cyber-attacks and it’s view from different sources. The discussion below outlines sources and evaluates their suitability according to cyber-attack. The discussion will also involve the review of cyber-attacks and the research.
Critical Evaluation
Source 1: The Journal of Strategic Security
The Journal of Strategic Security is an academic journal which is peer-reviewed and it publishes research which is related to strategic security. This research includes cyber-security. It is a suitable source for researching cyber-attacks and topics that are related to it. The study is titled "Preventing Cyber Attacks. It is a Qualitative Study of the Perceptions and Practices of Corporate Security Professionals". What is published in the journal is a suitable contribution to cyber-attacks research. It is providing valuable insights into the perceptions and practices of corporate security professionals related to preventing cyber-attacks. The insights are help in prevention of cyber-attacks. This study highlights the importance of a culture in security awareness (Devanny 2022). Proactive measures, collaboration, and adaptability are also highlighted as importance of culture in preventing cyber-attacks. Firstly, the study uses a qualitative research method limiting the generalization of the findings to other contexts. Other contexts using difference research methods have final different findings. This limits generalization of this study to other contexts. Secondly, the study focuses on perceptions and practices of corporate security professionals which are not representative to all organizations. The practices focused on by this study are not applicable to all organizations. Finally, the study was published in 2014 and the threat landscape has evolved making some of the findings not relevant today. The study is still a suitable source for cyber-attacks research. Researchers should consider this study to gain a comprehensive understanding of cyber-attacks.
Source 2: Journal of Management Information Systems evaluation
The Journal of Management Information Systems is an academic journal which is reputable peer-reviewed. This journal focuses on research which is related to information systems and technology management. The journal has published numerous studies which are related to cyber-attacks. The publishing of numerous studies makes this journal a suitable source for researching on cyber-attacks. The study is titled as "Preventing Cyber Attacks on the Electric Power Grid. It is a role for Management Information Systems". This is a suitable contribution to cyber-attacks research. It outlines ways useful when preventing attacks on a power grid. It provides valuable insights for the effectiveness of various cyber security measures. This study also provides the importance of employee training (Kettinger 2021). It involves training employees on how to prevent these attacks. It also involves importance of incident response plans and collaboration. Risk management too is involved in preventing cyber-attacks. This study helps grow the knowledge on how to prevent cyber-attacks. The study also focuses on cyber-attacks in critical infrastructure. This is an important area of research because of the potential impact of these attacks. This study focuses specifically on cyber-attacks on the electric power grid and cannot be applicable to other industries or contexts. The discussion cannot be applied in other industries. The study was conducted in 2013 and the threat landscape has evolved so some of the findings can’t be relevant today. The study is outdated and has limitations, but it is suitable for cyber-attacks research. It provides valuable insights to the importance of cyber security measures. A comprehensive understanding of cyber-attacks is gained from this study.
Literature Review
Qualitative and quantitative research results about cyber-attacks
There have been numerous qualitative and quantitative studies conducted on how to stop cyber-attacks. These studies have different results regarding their reason of research (Saldamli 2020). The findings of some of the studies are illustrated in table 1.1 below. The table also shows the differences in the findings.
From the risk-based approach is where they identify and prioritize most valuable assets and implement appropriate security measures for protection. Employee training reduces cyber-attacks.
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Introduction Cyber-attacks are becoming more common in the industry today. There are many sources with different ideas about cyber security. Some sources discuss it differently according to their effects. The discussion of different sources and the reliability of their information is important because it helps advance the knowledge of cyber-attacks. It combines different ideas from different sources. This discussion will help improve the knowledge of cyber-attacks and it’s view from different sources. The discussion below outlines sources and evaluates their suitability according to cyber-attack. The discussion will also involve the review of cyber-attacks and the research. Critical Evaluation Source 1: The Journal of Strategic Security The Journal of Strategic Security is an academic journal which is peer-reviewed and it publishes research which is related to strategic security. This research includes cyber-security. It is a suitable source for researching cyber-attacks and topics that are related to it. The study is titled "Preventing Cyber Attacks. It is a Qualitative Study of the Perceptions and Practices of Corporate Security Professionals". What is published in the journal is a suitable contribution to cyber-attacks research. It is providing valuable insights into the perceptions and practices of corporate security professionals related to preventing cyber-attacks. The insights are help in prevention of cyber-attacks. This study highlights the importance of a culture in security awareness (Devanny 2022). Proactive measures, collaboration, and adaptability are also highlighted as importance of culture in preventing cyber-attacks. Firstly, the study uses a qualitative research method limiting the generalization of the findings to other contexts. Other contexts using difference research methods have final different findings. This limits generalization of this study to other contexts. Secondly, the study focuses on perceptions and practices of corporate security professionals which are not representative to all organizations. The practices focused on by this study are not applicable to all organizations. Finally, the study was published in 2014 and the threat landscape has evolved making some of the findings not relevant today. The study is still a suitable source for cyber-attacks research. Researchers should consider this study to gain a comprehensive understanding of cyber-attacks. Source 2: Journal of Management Information Systems evaluation The Journal of Management Information Systems is an academic journal which is reputable peer-reviewed. This journal focuses on research which is related to information systems and technology management. The journal has published numerous studies which are related to cyber-attacks. The publishing of numerous studies makes this journal a suitable source for researching on cyber-attacks. The study is titled as "Preventing Cyber Attacks on the Electric Power Grid. It is a role for Management Information Systems". This is a suitable contribution to cyber-attacks research. It outlines ways useful when preventing attacks on a power grid. It provides valuable insights for the effectiveness of various cyber security measures. This study also provides the importance of employee training (Kettinger 2021). It involves training employees on how to prevent these attacks. It also involves importance of incident response plans and collaboration. Risk management too is involved in preventing cyber-attacks. This study helps grow the knowledge on how to prevent cyber-attacks. The study also focuses on cyber-attacks in critical infrastructure. This is an important area of research because of the potential impact of these attacks. This study focuses specifically on cyber-attacks on the electric power grid and cannot be applicable to other industries or contexts. The discussion cannot be applied in other industries. The study was conducted in 2013 and the threat landscape has evolved so some of the findings can’t be relevant today. The study is outdated and has limitations, but it is suitable for cyber-attacks research. It provides valuable insights to the importance of cyber security measures. A comprehensive understanding of cyber-attacks is gained from this study. Literature Review Qualitative and quantitative research results about cyber-attacks There have been numerous qualitative and quantitative studies conducted on how to stop cyber-attacks. These studies have different results regarding their reason of research (Saldamli 2020). The findings of some of the studies are illustrated in table 1.1 below. The table also shows the differences in the findings. From the risk-based approach is where they identify and prioritize most valuable assets and implement appropriate security measures for protection. Employee training reduces cyber-attacks.
Table 1.1: Qualitative & Quantitative Results Approaches of cyber-attacks by empirical and theoretical scholarship Empirical and theoretical scholarships have both contributed valuable insights on how to stop cyber-attacks. Empirical scholarship involves gathering and analyzing data through observation or experimentation. It has focused on identifying effective cyber security measures through quantitative and qualitative research. It gathers data and analyzes it by observing and doing experiments. Studies which have examined the impact of specific security controls such as firewalls, antivirus software and encryption on reducing the risk of cyber-attacks are inclusive of the identifications. Empirical research has also looked at the effectiveness of employee training and awareness programs and their impacts to the cyber security (Connolly et al 2020). Risk management strategies and incident response plans in preventing and mitigating cyber have also been looked into. Theoretical scholarship, on the other hand, focuses on developing conceptual frameworks and models to explain why cyber-attacks occur and how they can be prevented. This adds knowledge to individuals on cyber-attacks (Feledy 2019). This includes theories such as the risk management framework, which emphasizes the importance of identifying and prioritizing risks to develop effective security controls and the deterrence theory, which argues that imposing severe penalties on cyber attackers can discourage future attacks. Theoretical scholarship has also explored the role of organizational culture, government policies, and international cooperation in preventing cyber-attacks. Both theoretical and empirical scholarships make important contributions to the understanding of how to stop cyber-attacks. Combination of main points of chosen sources The Journal of Management Information Systems has now published several studies about cyber-attacks. These studies have been effective to the cyber-attack prevention. Below are the main points from one of its studies titled "Preventing Cyber Attacks on the Electric Power Grid. It is a role for Management Information Systems." The first point is that intrusion detection and prevention systems are effective. The study found out that intrusion detection and prevention systems are effective in reducing the number of successful cyber-attacks in the electric power grid. This helps also prevent high rate of this attacks. It acts as a warning to cyber-attack happening. The second main point is that employee training is important: The study found out that employee training programs are effective in reducing successful cyber-attacks. The study recommends organizations to implement regular employee training on cyber security best practices. Employees are most recent and likely ones to notice the attacks first. Training employees reduces the risks from occurring because they get knowledge of how they can handle these attacks and how to prevent them from occurring. This is an effective way of reducing such attacks. With the training programs cyber-attacks are not likely to occur because they are careful and will quickly identify any threat (Kettinger 2021). The third point is that incident response plans are essential. The study found out that having an incident response plan in place is essential for effectively responding to cyber-attacks. The study recommends organizations to develop and regularly update their incident response plans. Response plans includes ways planned by the organization of dealing with these threats when they occur. The plan should be given also to employees. Cyber-attacks occur unexpectedly and often so having these plans is a better preparation way of any incoming threat. The plans also need to be regularly updated because threats occur differently every time. The fourth point is that collaboration and information sharing is the key. The study found out that collaboration and information sharing between organizations is important while preventing cyber-attacks. The study recommends organizations to participate in information sharing networks and collaborate with other organizations in their industry. This helps increase knowledge of using different ways used by other organizations. It also helps reduce cyber-attacks in the industry. The fifth point is that risk management is critical. The study found out that identifying and prioritizing risks is critical to effectively managing cyber security. The study recommends organizations to adopt a risk-based approach for cyber security. Adopting risk-based approaches will help reduce the threats and give more ways of dealing with it. The study published in the Journal of Strategic Security, titled "Preventing cyber-attacks” investigated the perceptions and practices of corporate security professionals which are related to preventing cyber-attacks. Below are examples of the main points of the study. The first point is that a culture of security awareness is essential to preventing cyber-attacks: The study found out that organizations which emphasize security awareness and training for employees are better equipped to prevent cyber-attacks. Emphasizing security awareness and training of employees increases the awareness of cyber-attacks. This highly prevents the attacks because the awareness created increase a better carefulness of the employees. Organizations with this kind of awareness never likely get involved with cyber-attacks. The second point is that cyber security measures must be proactive, not reactive. The study found out that many organizations focuses on responding to cyber-attacks after they have occurred rather than taking proactive measures to prevent them. The study recommends organizations to adopt a more proactive approach to cyber security. Taking proactive measures reduces a fact of dealing with the risks after they occur. These measures help prevent the occurrence of these risks (Mahmoud 2013). Preventing them from occurring is better than dealing with them. Organizations should therefore focus on taking proactive measures. The third point in this study is that collaboration and information sharing is important. The study found out that many security professionals feel that collaboration and information sharing with other organizations is important for preventing cyber-attacks. It is important sharing information with other organizations to help reduce the cyber-attacks. It increases ways of dealing with the risk before it happens. Collaborating helps bring out the best preventive measures to use. The study recommends organizations to participate in information sharing networks to stay up-to-date on the latest threats and best practices. It also helps to keep their measures updated. The fourth point is that cyber security is a constantly evolving field. The study found out that cyber security threats are constantly evolving and organizations must be willing to adapt and update their security measures to keep up with the changing threat landscape. The threats keep on changing as time goes by so updating the security help deal with new threats in a proper way (Mahmoud 2013). Strengths and weaknesses of Journal of Strategic Security Every academic source has limitations and strengths which make it reliable sources (Valentin 2001). The table 2.1 below illustrates the strengths and weaknesses of the Journal of Strategic Security.
Table 2.1: Strengths & Weaknesses of Journal of Strategic Security Strengths and weaknesses of the Journal of Management Information Systems This is determining the process of well changing society. All sources get weaknesses and strengths according to their timing changes in updating their information (Vincze 2019). Sources need to be known better for the information to be used. The strengths and weaknesses help know better sources of information to use. The table 3.1 below shows weaknesses and strengths of the Journal of Management Information Systems.
Table 3.1: Strength & Weaknesses of Journal of Management Information Systems Steps that help prevent and stop cyber-attacks. Stopping cyber-attacks and ongoing challenges requires multi affected approaches. There are steps which organizations and individuals can take to prevent and stop cyber-attacks. These steps include. First, it is important to stay informed about latest cyber threats and educate yourself and others about best practices for staying safe online (Irwin 2022). This includes doing things like adding strong passwords, avoiding suspicious links or attachments and keeping software up to date. This helps your data stay safe. It increases the awareness of cyber threats emerging which won’t affect anyone if care measures are followed. Second, installing and updating virus and security software helps detect and prevent many types of cyber threats. People need to always update their software to prevent cyber-attacks and keep their devices secure. Third, implementing strong access controls such as multifactor authentication helps prevent un-authorized access to systems and data. This helps in increasing awareness of securing data. Fourth, backing up data regularly helps mitigate the impact of a successful cyber-attack because it enables you to restore lost or stolen data quickly. Fifth, one needs to have an incidence response plan in place to help minimize the damage of a cyber-attack. It also helps ensure a timely and effective response. Sixth, ongoing monitoring and testing helps identify vulnerabilities and potential threats before being exploited by attackers. This helps prevent the attacks before they happen. The last one is collaborating with others. Cyber security is a shared responsibility and sharing with others help improve threat intelligence and response capabilities. |
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Table 1.1: Qualitative & Quantitative Results
Approaches of cyber-attacks by empirical and theoretical scholarship
Empirical and theoretical scholarships have both contributed valuable insights on how to stop cyber-attacks. Empirical scholarship involves gathering and analyzing data through observation or experimentation. It has focused on identifying effective cyber security measures through quantitative and qualitative research. It gathers data and analyzes it by observing and doing experiments. Studies which have examined the impact of specific security controls such as firewalls, antivirus software and encryption on reducing the risk of cyber-attacks are inclusive of the identifications. Empirical research has also looked at the effectiveness of employee training and awareness programs and their impacts to the cyber security (Connolly et al 2020). Risk management strategies and incident response plans in preventing and mitigating cyber have also been looked into. Theoretical scholarship, on the other hand, focuses on developing conceptual frameworks and models to explain why cyber-attacks occur and how they can be prevented. This adds knowledge to individuals on cyber-attacks (Feledy 2019). This includes theories such as the risk management framework, which emphasizes the importance of identifying and prioritizing risks to develop effective security controls and the deterrence theory, which argues that imposing severe penalties on cyber attackers can discourage future attacks. Theoretical scholarship has also explored the role of organizational culture, government policies, and international cooperation in preventing cyber-attacks. Both theoretical and empirical scholarships make important contributions to the understanding of how to stop cyber-attacks.
Combination of main points of chosen sources
The Journal of Management Information Systems has now published several studies about cyber-attacks. These studies have been effective to the cyber-attack prevention. Below are the main points from one of its studies titled "Preventing Cyber Attacks on the Electric Power Grid. It is a role for Management Information Systems." The first point is that intrusion detection and prevention systems are effective. The study found out that intrusion detection and prevention systems are effective in reducing the number of successful cyber-attacks in the electric power grid. This helps also prevent high rate of this attacks. It acts as a warning to cyber-attack happening. The second main point is that employee training is important: The study found out that employee training programs are effective in reducing successful cyber-attacks. The study recommends organizations to implement regular employee training on cyber security best practices. Employees are most recent and likely ones to notice the attacks first. Training employees reduces the risks from occurring because they get knowledge of how they can handle these attacks and how to prevent them from occurring. This is an effective way of reducing such attacks. With the training programs cyber-attacks are not likely to occur because they are careful and will quickly identify any threat (Kettinger 2021).
The third point is that incident response plans are essential. The study found out that having an incident response plan in place is essential for effectively responding to cyber-attacks. The study recommends organizations to develop and regularly update their incident response plans. Response plans includes ways planned by the organization of dealing with these threats when they occur. The plan should be given also to employees. Cyber-attacks occur unexpectedly and often so having these plans is a better preparation way of any incoming threat. The plans also need to be regularly updated because threats occur differently every time. The fourth point is that collaboration and information sharing is the key. The study found out that collaboration and information sharing between organizations is important while preventing cyber-attacks. The study recommends organizations to participate in information sharing networks and collaborate with other organizations in their industry. This helps increase knowledge of using different ways used by other organizations. It also helps reduce cyber-attacks in the industry. The fifth point is that risk management is critical. The study found out that identifying and prioritizing risks is critical to effectively managing cyber security. The study recommends organizations to adopt a risk-based approach for cyber security. Adopting risk-based approaches will help reduce the threats and give more ways of dealing with it.
The study published in the Journal of Strategic Security, titled "Preventing cyber-attacks” investigated the perceptions and practices of corporate security professionals which are related to preventing cyber-attacks. Below are examples of the main points of the study. The first point is that a culture of security awareness is essential to preventing cyber-attacks: The study found out that organizations which emphasize security awareness and training for employees are better equipped to prevent cyber-attacks. Emphasizing security awareness and training of employees increases the awareness of cyber-attacks. This highly prevents the attacks because the awareness created increase a better carefulness of the employees. Organizations with this kind of awareness never likely get involved with cyber-attacks. The second point is that cyber security measures must be proactive, not reactive. The study found out that many organizations focuses on responding to cyber-attacks after they have occurred rather than taking proactive measures to prevent them. The study recommends organizations to adopt a more proactive approach to cyber security. Taking proactive measures reduces a fact of dealing with the risks after they occur. These measures help prevent the occurrence of these risks (Mahmoud 2013). Preventing them from occurring is better than dealing with them. Organizations should therefore focus on taking proactive measures.
The third point in this study is that collaboration and information sharing is important. The study found out that many security professionals feel that collaboration and information sharing with other organizations is important for preventing cyber-attacks. It is important sharing information with other organizations to help reduce the cyber-attacks. It increases ways of dealing with the risk before it happens. Collaborating helps bring out the best preventive measures to use. The study recommends organizations to participate in information sharing networks to stay up-to-date on the latest threats and best practices. It also helps to keep their measures updated. The fourth point is that cyber security is a constantly evolving field. The study found out that cyber security threats are constantly evolving and organizations must be willing to adapt and update their security measures to keep up with the changing threat landscape. The threats keep on changing as time goes by so updating the security help deal with new threats in a proper way (Mahmoud 2013).
Strengths and weaknesses of Journal of Strategic Security
Every academic source has limitations and strengths which make it reliable sources (Valentin 2001). The table 2.1 below illustrates the strengths and weaknesses of the Journal of Strategic Security.
| STRENGTHS | WEAKNESSES |
|---|---|
| The articles published in the journal are subject to rigorous review and scrutiny by experts in the field. | The journal is not accessible to wider audience beyond academia and policy circles. |
| The journal publishes articles from a diverse range of authors. The articles reflect a broad range of perspectives and expertise. | The journal doesn’t include perspectives from non-western regions which limits diversity of viewpoints and experiences represented in the articles |
| The journal covers a wide range of topics related to strategic security. This allows comprehensive understanding of issues and challenges in cyber-activities. | The journal does not address emerging and rapidly evolving cyber threats in a timely manner. |
| The journal includes article on practical approaches and solutions to strategic security challenges. Provides valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers. | The journal does not address practical and operational considerations that are critical in addressing cyber threats in real world contexts. |
Table 2.1: Strengths & Weaknesses of Journal of Strategic Security
Strengths and weaknesses of the Journal of Management Information Systems
This is determining the process of well changing society. All sources get weaknesses and strengths according to their timing changes in updating their information (Vincze 2019). Sources need to be known better for the information to be used. The strengths and weaknesses help know better sources of information to use. The table 3.1 below shows weaknesses and strengths of the Journal of Management Information Systems.
| STRENGTHS | WEAKNESSES |
|---|---|
| Articles published in this journal are subject to rigorous review and scrutiny by experts in the field which is ensuring high quality and reliability. | The journal is not always accessible to wider audience beyond academia and industry. This limits its impact and influence. |
| The journal publishes articles from a diverse range of authors providing a broad range of perspectives and expertise. | The journal does not address practical and operational considerations which are critical in addressing cyber security in real world contexts. |
| The journal covers a wide range of topics which are related to management information systems and technology allowing comprehensive understanding of the issues and challenges in cyber-attacks. | The journal does not always keep up with the rapidly evolving cyber security landscape and does not address emerging and new cyber security threats in a timely manner. |
| The journal often includes articles on emerging and cutting-edge topics in cyber security which provides valuable insights and thought leadership. | The journal does not provide comprehensive and holistic view of cyber security issues. |
Table 3.1: Strength & Weaknesses of Journal of Management Information Systems
Steps that help prevent and stop cyber-attacks.
Stopping cyber-attacks and ongoing challenges requires multi affected approaches. There are steps which organizations and individuals can take to prevent and stop cyber-attacks. These steps include. First, it is important to stay informed about latest cyber threats and educate yourself and others about best practices for staying safe online (Irwin 2022). This includes doing things like adding strong passwords, avoiding suspicious links or attachments and keeping software up to date. This helps your data stay safe. It increases the awareness of cyber threats emerging which won’t affect anyone if care measures are followed. Second, installing and updating virus and security software helps detect and prevent many types of cyber threats. People need to always update their software to prevent cyber-attacks and keep their devices secure. Third, implementing strong access controls such as multifactor authentication helps prevent un-authorized access to systems and data. This helps in increasing awareness of securing data. Fourth, backing up data regularly helps mitigate the impact of a successful cyber-attack because it enables you to restore lost or stolen data quickly. Fifth, one needs to have an incidence response plan in place to help minimize the damage of a cyber-attack. It also helps ensure a timely and effective response. Sixth, ongoing monitoring and testing helps identify vulnerabilities and potential threats before being exploited by attackers. This helps prevent the attacks before they happen. The last one is collaborating with others. Cyber security is a shared responsibility and sharing with others help improve threat intelligence and response capabilities.
