Role Of Healthcare And Nursing Assignment

Introduction

The function of a nurse has changed dramatically in the twenty-first century. Nurses can be found working in a range of places, such as hospitals, schools, community health centres, businesses, home health care facilities, and laboratories. The major objective of a professional nurse is to be the client's champion and deliver the best treatment possible using the evidence from research, despite the fact that each function entails various obligations (Tingen et al., 2019).

Research aids nurses in identifying efficient best practices and enhancing patient care. In an online RN to BSN programme, nurses learn how to locate, interpret, evaluate, and apply nursing research. It is essential that nurses with a BSN degree understand the value of research because new knowledge is constantly being discovered. The results of peer-reviewed studies can clear up previous misunderstandings, open the door for fresh treatment approaches, and develop novel methodologies, all of which lead to better patient outcomes (Goodare, 2017).

Nursing Code of Practices for Patient Resuscitation

According to NMC 2018, the attitude and clinical standards are expected of all nurses, midwives, and nursing associates. Knowing the client and what makes them unique is only one aspect of providing person-centred care; must also be aware of yourself. More particularly, the nurses must be aware of and comprehend your influence on the patient. Although the impact you have could be really good, you must be careful not to have a bad impact on the patient. Each patient is different due to their socioeconomic determinants of health, as you have been reading. Social determinants of health assist us in comprehending the uniqueness of each patient in connection to their health, but they can also assist us in comprehending the personalities of patients.

Interventions are characterised as multifaceted in nature, encompassing a variety of altered practice and organizational-based activities with a focus on cultures of care. The work is connected with relationship-centred care and the person-centred nursing framework (PCNF).

Role of healthcare professional family-witnessed resuscitation (FWR)

Healthcare professionals expressed their support for or opposition to FWR through statements they made directly or indirectly. Health experts frequently voiced numerous concerns before expressing their support for or opposition to FWR. It was crucial to concentrate on the worries and concerns that healthcare professionals have about FWR. For instance, the study showed that nurses are more likely than doctors to agree that the right to choose FPDR belongs to the patient and family. The findings also indicated that although the educational intervention changed behaviours, it had no impact on the attitudes of doctors and nurses about FPDR (Ferrara et al., 2016).

Family-witnessed resuscitation (FWR) has been the subject of an ongoing debate for almost 30 years. Historically, emergency departments (EDs) have excluded family members of a critically ill or injured patient from the treatment area during resuscitation. FWR is the practice of doing active medical cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the presence of family members (Oman and Duran, 2010). FWR was first developed at Foote Hospital in Jackson, Michigan, in the 1980s in response to two patients’ families being there as their loved ones underwent resuscitation (Grimes, 2020). Family members' presence during resuscitation has always been a contentious issue. Health professionals are now more aware than ever before of the need for resuscitative care to be more family-centred (Ferrara et al., 2016). This realisation aided in the development of FWR, which places family or important people close enough to the patient to see and touch them during resuscitation.

All practising nurses must, according to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2018), possess the knowledge, abilities, physical fitness, and moral integrity necessary to carry out their duties in a safe and efficient manner. Health practitioners may be subject to legal action if the appropriate rules and education standards are not in place. Family members should be offered an option and permitted to be present during a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) attempt at a hospital, according to UK resuscitation guidelines (RCUK, 2016). However, this can cost medical experts.

Health practitioners have been said to be concerned that FWR causes legal issues, delays choices to terminate cardiopulmonary resuscitation, impairs resuscitation and traumatises family members (Martin et al., 2016). FWR is only seldom permitted and takes place on an as-needed basis in Jordan. Healthcare providers frequently think they are doing what is best for patients and their families. Many healthcare professionals in Jordan hold this paternalistic viewpoint. For instance, Alasad and Ahmad (2005) investigated the nature of communication between Jordanian critical care nurses and critically sick patients. They claimed that nurses frequently decide what the patients require. Typically, nurses make decisions about what has to be done for the patient and when.

Staff training is essential for the implementation of FWR because health workers who are aware of the advantages of the practice for families are more inclined to adopt it. The ability to support family members and respond to their questions should be a skill set that all staff members possess. Family members as well as the professionals involved will feel less anxious as a result. A secure environment and clear professional development guidelines can be provided through clear policy and guidance, allowing health workers the chance to improve their professional empowerment (Johnson, 2017).

Despite evidence that FWR benefits family members (Doolin et al., 2011), health professionals continue to worry that the presence of family members may affect patient care, and care providers' performance, heighten anxiety, and increase the possibility of lawsuits. However, Tomlinson et al. (2010) pointed out that while frequent positive experiences with FWR may assist lower overall stress levels on the emergency team, FWR does have adverse consequences on staff. Similarly, Tudor et al. (2014) discovered that family members who benefited from not being left in the waiting area experienced less fear, asked fewer questions, and felt more satisfied.

In order for us to evaluate the study's merits, shortcomings, and limits, good research papers should give us enough details about how the study was designed and carried out. According to Equator Network (2020), there is extensive advice available for researchers on how to report various sorts of research.

Owing to the above-mentioned information related, the present report deals with a case study that deals with the nurse’s perspectives on family presence during family-witnessed resuscitation (FWR) in the emergency department. There is family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) rules in place all over the world, but the Gulf Corporation Countries (GCC) in general and the Kingdom of Bahrain in particular still do not have any. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the views of healthcare professionals (HP) on FPDR among those who work in emergency departments (EDs) throughout the Kingdom. According to the study, the majority of ED doctors favour FPDR, and many HPs in EDs engaged in it and were familiar with it. The causes of the nurses' lack of support should be looked at in further research. Results may aid in the creation of hospital emergency department policies that permit FPDR in the area (Abuzeyad et al., 2020).

Ethical consideration of the study

The National Statement for Ethical Conduct of Research's seven components were used to guide ethical decisions. The Institutional Review Board of the hospital reviewed the study's scope, objectives, themes, questions, and procedures and gave its ethical approval in accordance with Good Clinical Practice, National Health Regulatory Authority regulations, national laws, and hospital policies governing the use of human subjects in research (Abuzeyad et al., 2020).

Consent included all necessary details pertaining to the proposed research in language that was suitable, polite, and pertinent to the study. There was no set deadline for finishing the survey, however, participants were given an anticipated amount of time. Participants were also informed that they could opt out of the study at any time with no risks involved, that no personal information would be gathered, and that responses would stay anonymous (Abuzeyad et al., 2020).

Qualitative Research

Qualitative research is frequently utilised in the healthcare industry to comprehend patterns of health behaviours, explain lived experiences, build behavioural theories, examine healthcare requirements, and devise interventions. There has been significant growth in the amount of health research studies utilising qualitative techniques because of their many uses in healthcare.

The various methods for gathering data in qualitative research include in-depth interviews (individual or group), focus group conversations (FGDs), participant observation, narrative life histories, document analysis, audio substances, videos or video footage, analysis of text, and simple observation.

It is necessary to conduct a qualitative investigation by establishing its foundation in the bioethical values of justice, beneficence, and non-maleficence. Data collection from an endangered research population must be done with the utmost caution in order to protect the participants, who must always come first. When posting the data, the researcher must ensure that the participants' quotes cannot be used to identify them out of respect for them as persons, families, and members of communities.

The values of respect for people, research merit, honesty, justice, and beneficence were upheld during the data collecting, usage, and management phases of this study. The poll was conducted anonymously; hence the research findings were not shared with the participants. To inform physicians of the value of FPDR in the treatment of ED patients and to promote the creation of a hospital FPDR policy, After the research endeavour, the hospital's Research Department processes the data and information in accordance with its policies, and then retains it for five years to enable prospective follow-up of the study population (Goldberger et al., 2015).

Evidence-based practice in family-witnessed resuscitation

Utilising research findings to guide clinical judgements and care is a requirement of evidence-based practice. The findings of research must serve as the foundation for nurses' work. Best practices in the sector are determined by peer-reviewed, published evidence that has been approved by the whole nursing profession. Evidence-based practice relies on following the evidence wherever it points. Results must be unbiased, verifiable, and repeatable under identical study conditions (Horntvedt et al., 2018).

Discussion

FPDR is referred to as the presence of the patient's family members (such as siblings, parents, spouses, children, or close friends) in the resuscitation room. A selected support person may either guide or leave the presence unguided. The subject of whether or not family members ought to be let to watch the resuscitation process is still open. This is so that their presence during the resuscitation attempt won't have an adverse effect on their mental state, the patient receiving treatment, or the performance of the medical staff. FPDR may cause relatives to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is a worry.

The majority of HPs also dissented from the idea that FPDR would have a detrimental effect on the code team members, such as stress (84.9%), physical threat (77.4%), increased fear of complaints/litigations towards code team members (74.6%), or difficulty educating younger staff members in CPR (61.7%). Results showed a statistically meaningful difference between doctors and nurses in how much the FPDR improved professional behaviour (p 0.01). Nurses had a greater probability to be neutral (25.3%) or disagree (24.2%), but doctors (59.7%) were more likely to agree (p = 0.004).

FWR might make it easier for family members to grieve. When a person passes away suddenly, their family members are sometimes unprepared for the feeling of loss and frequently go through a protracted grieving process. Therefore, using FWR could be beneficial. Additionally, family members are included in the decision-making process for whether to continue or stop resuscitation efforts. In my experience, family members are more inclined to stop a laborious and pointless attempt at resuscitation when FWR is enabled.

It's critical to understand the requirement for a dedicated support person on staff in order to implement FWR effectively. The support worker should have experience in medicine and be conversant in medical jargon. The nursing home superintendent is often identified as the support person at the emergency department where I work. This person's responsibilities include educating the family on the terminology and methods used in resuscitation. Family and staff are less anxious when they have a support system. Staff can concentrate on performing CPR while giving the family reassurance that everything is being done.

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