DTN304 Data Cleaning And Analysis Assignment

Research question and objectives

The research question is what is the relationship between stress levels and amounts of fruits and vegetables consumed weekly among universities students enrolled in an online nutritional course.

Diet remains a key factor of human health when it comes to understanding the consequences of psychological and moderators of dietary behaviour. Recent statistics indicate that 7.8 million premature dates occur per year being associated within adequate fruit and vegetable consumption (Kawada, 2018). Further literature is also suggesting that and healthy eating is stressful and when evaluated with other dietary lapses and over consumption it leads to chronic stress. Other literature is also showing that interventions to improve healthy heating have a significant way of reducing stress therefore driving the dietary behaviours to respond to the interventions. Present research has also shown that properly balanced diet tends to allow a well maintained and lower risk of mental disorders especially in adolescence and students in the university (Saghafian, et al., 2018). Recent reviews have also shown that the influence of intake of fruit and vegetables have an exclusive risk of depression. The role of fruits and vegetables have been found to be having a broad psychological well-being. They're all of fruits and vegetables have been found to be having kind of vascular disease prevention cancer prevention and also prevent cases of premature mortality. However, mechanisms that are influencing the mental health diseases is still unknown. Vegetables and fruits contain valuable sources of diet such as complex carbohydrates, fibre, glycaemic indexes, vitamins, carotenoids, potassium polyphenols and other important ingredients. Maintenance of a proper diet with a higher mixture of vegetables and fruit index is believed to be promoting positive and better mental health care (Tuck, Farrow, & Thomas, 2019). In this study at data set from online university students was analysed using SPSS software version 26 to analyse the relationship between stress levels and amounts of fruits and vegetable consumed.

Data cleaning

• Data cleaning was done using SPSS software
• The variables were identified as hey then numeric or string and what other classified as nominal ordinal or scale and unnecessary corrections were made
• The labels were appropriately added and all the values were entered into their correct sections
• All the data was then aligned to the right
• The correct number of decimals and formatting was doneMissing values or invalid data or identified through the use of descriptive and frequency tables
• Missing values were identified as blanks. Invalid data or then deleted and left blank were not calculated
• A smoking status variable was created and labelled check calculation. This variable was used to replace the missing and incorrect data.
• Several variables were created for different variables
• The descriptive statistics for analysed and any outliers were checked under normality for any data corrected. This included any errors that might have been missed
• The graphs were rerun to perform the final check and save the descriptive statistics. Instagrams and normality curves were drawn as well.

Descriptive analysis

They demographics of the participants are as presented in the table below. The analysis was done on a sample number of participants (n) 78 who were undergraduates n45 57.7% studied full time n (29) 37.2 studies part time. Others included n (2) 2.6% and n (1) %. The number of females participants in this study outnumbered that of men. The females represented n (67) 85.9% while that of men included n (9) 11.5%. data distribution and normality were also determined using the spaces and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test KS was used. Probability of non-significant data was based on p>0.05 then I'll hypothesis is accepted and is referred to as normally distributed.

The edge of the participants ranged from 20 to 60 years with a median of 35.186 with an interquartile range of 40 ksp <0>

In terms of living arrangements n (8) 10.3% lived alone while n (44) 56.4% lived in a shared accommodation including partners or spouse. N (8) 10.3% lived in a shared accommodation not including partner or spouse. N (8) 10.3% lived with their parents while others n (7) 9.0% did not specify where they lived. In terms of employment n (9) 11.5% were employed as casuals while n (20) 25.6% were employed as full time. Similar number n (20) 25.6% were employed as part time while n (6) 7.7% were self-employed. There was also a category of those unemployed and looking for work and this was represented by n (5) 6.4%. The remaining lot were unemployed and were not looking for work and this was represented by n (14) 17.9%. In terms of smoking statuses n (73) 93.6% were nonsmokers while n (3) 3.8% were smoking. The rest of the two participants did not identify their association with smoking.

Presentation of results – tables/figures/graphs

Plan for inferential analysis

Inferential analysis, is important as it allows for comparison between intake of fruits and the level of stress among the university students. The analysis is generated by comparison between the independent and dependent variables. This then leads to conduction of an independent t-test that allows analysis of independent variables as already shown in the table above (Knüppel, Shipley, Llewellyn, & Brunner, 2017). With the help of normality tests, it is possible to group participants into stress levels and non-stress levels. Meanwhile, it is already evident that participants who took lots of fruits and vegetables have a higher output of energy and fibers as can be seen in the histograms. This consequently led to healthy wellbeing which reduces cases of stress and mental challenges (Xu, Li, Song, Li, & Zhang, 2018). The intakes of various amounts and levels of vitamins has also the ability of reducing certain mental conditions. While presenting these studies it is important to understand that there is a risk of bias that usually emanate from the respondents. However, most of the researchers conclude that high fruits and vegetable intake have the advantage of increasing mental health hence reducing cases of stress.

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