Optimizing Thermal Systems: Applications and Engineering Solutions

Q=1 a) State the difference between liquids and gases

b) How surface tension ? is defined?

c) What is capillarity? What causes it?

d) What is cavitation, what problem may be caused by cavitation?

Q=2 a) State the Zeroth law of thermodynamics.

b) What is called the thermodynamic equilibrium.

c) For a system to be in thermodynamic equilibrium, do the temperature and the pressure have to be the same everywhere?

Q=3 State how Kelvin scale, Fahrenheit scale, Rankine scale are related to Celsius scale.

Q=4 Determine the mass and the weight of the air contained in a classroom whose dimensions are 6 m *10 m * 3.5 m. Assume the density of the air is 1.16 kg/m3

Q=5 Both a gage and a manometer are attached to a gas tank to measure its pressure. If the reading on the pressure gage is 80 kPa, determine the distance between the two fluid levels of the manometer if the fluid is (a) mercury (?=13,600 kg/m3) or (b) oil (?= 900 kg/m3).

Q=6 Freshwater and seawater flowing in parallel horizontal pipelines are connected to each other by a double U-tube manometer. Determine the pressure difference between the two pipelines. Take the density of seawater at that location to be ?=1035 kg/m3 and fresh water ?=1,000 kg/m3. Also take mercury ?=13,600 kg/m3, air 1.2 kg/m3

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