Problem-solving process in Crane Development :Engineering fundamentals and society project assessment

Context

Liebherr is looking to develop a new ship-to-shore crane to add to its current line-up. Their goal is to produce cranes that are reliable, productive, and can service the needs of Ports all around the world.

Details relevant to the development of the crane are:

• the crane must meet the following minimum specs:

A: Gantry span 15m

B: Outreach 60m

C: Back reach 25m

D: Lift height 60m

G: Rear gantry span 15m

• the crane must efficiently withstand the weight force of 35 tonnes and have a safety factor of 4
• the crane needs to be developed considering an in-service wind speed of 72km/h

Task

Your task is to use the problem-solving process in Engineering to:

• develop a truss-style ship to shore crane that meets the requirements provided by the stakeholders of the project
• document the problem-solving process used to develop a final solution
• provide Liebherr with a summary report for their consideration 

Specifications:

The folio will include the use of a model crane constructed using:

balsawood (5 – 6.5 x 6.5 x 900mm and 5 – 9.5 x 9.5 x 900mm)
1 manila folder
2m of twine
6 eye screws

Your model crane will be attached to a piece of plywood for secure mounting to the testing rig.

Your model must allow for a testing hook to attach onto the jib.

The model is required to withstand the specified weight force and safety factor of 4. Only a consideration of the in service wind speed on the structure is necessary (Note: Detailed calculations of the torsional forces resisted by the structure are not required.)

Scales used for your model:

Weight Force 1:14000

Structure Dimensions 1:240

The success of the model crane will be determined by:

1. the crane holding the required weight (for 10sec)
2. the performance index: load successfully held (in grams) divided by the mass of the structure (in grams).
3. A higher performance index indicates a better-designed structure

To complete this task, you must:

Part A

• recognise and describe
  • the characteristics of the crane problem, including knowns, unknowns, assumptions and boundaries
  • the engineering mechanics and materials science fundamentals of the crane problem
  • mitigation of environmental and sustainability impacts, including corrosion, habitat loss, erosion and life-cycle assessment associated with the geographical location of the crane
• symbolise and explain ideas and the solution to the crane problem using annotated sketching, drawings including basic drawing standards (hand or CAD), force vectors, free-body diagrams, graphs, tables and/or schemas
• analyse the crane problem and engineering mechanics, materials science, technology and research information in relation to structures to identify the elements, components and features, and their relationship to the structure of the problem, including project management milestones, i.e. resource and time constraints
• determine solution success criteria, considering the identified elements, components and features, and their relationship to the structure of the crane problem, including for example beam performance index
• synthesise engineering mechanics, materials science, technology and research information and ideas to predict a possible solution to the crane problem
• evaluate and refine idea and solution development in relation to solution success criteria including
  • testing of materials and processes, e.g. cross-beam experiment to determine beam performance index, compression testing
  • calculations using mechanics concepts and principles to predict prototype solution performance
  • evaluation of prototype solution performance data and the reliability of the prototype solution, including use of the beam performance index
• generate the prototype solution for testing including
  • virtual and/or physical manipulation of materials, scaled modelling, 3D printing, laser cutting
  • annotations on photographs or screen captures of the prototype solution prior to and after testing
  • performance of destructive, non-destructive and/or virtual testing of the prototype solution to provide performance data
• recommend and justify future modifications or enhancements to ideas and the solution to the structural problem
• communicate the development of ideas and the solution for the crane problem using written and visual features, e.g. PMI (plus, minus, interesting) charts, sketches, drawings, diagrams, graphs, tables and/or schemas
• communicate data using diagrams, tables and/or spreadsheets.

Part B

Develop a summary report for Liebherr, drawn from Part A documentation. The summary report includes key pictures, tables, graphs, sketches and drawings that provide a concise account of the preferred solution to the crane problem, including key features and any recommendations made to inform future solution development.

Authentication strategies

• You will be provided class time for task completion.
• You will each produce a unique response through your approach to solving the problem
• Your teacher will collect and annotate a draft.
• Your teacher will conduct interviews or consultations as you develop the response.
• You will use plagiarism-detection software to submit your response.
• You must acknowledge all sources.
• Your teacher will ensure class cross-marking occurs.

Scaffolding

In Engineering, a folio involves students documenting the application of a problem-solving process in response to an identified real-world problem.

The response will include the following folio and referencing conventions:

• headings that organise and communicate the student’s thinking through the iterative phases of the problem-solving process in Engineering
• a table of contents page
• a reference list and a recognised system of in-text referencing.

Ship to shore crane technical information:

A: Gantry span 15m

B: Outreach 60m

C: Back reach 25m

D: Lift height 60m

G: Rear gantry span 15m

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