Programme title Master of Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Programme title Master of Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Course code and title PGST9.100 Special Topic 2
Lecturer name Dr. Mahsa BoroushakiStudent Name John Webstor Godwin
Student ID 2022002995
Date 05.08.2024
Research Question:
How can the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and Information Technology (IT) enhance the efficiency and reliability of cold supply chains?
Introduction
For environmentally sensitive goods to be managed well, they need to be carefully watched throughout the whole supply chain within certain limits ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Tsang</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>2</RecNum><DisplayText>(Tsang et al., 2018)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>2</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="pfr5v9vp4faddqex095v5vrlwxzz5t9ffd9s" timestamp="1722163693">2</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tsang, Yung Po</author><author>Choy, King Lun</author><author>Wu, Chun-Ho</author><author>Ho, George TS</author><author>Lam, Cathy HY</author><author>Koo, PS</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>An Internet of Things (IoT)-based risk monitoring system for managing cold supply chain risks</title><secondary-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</full-title></periodical><pages>1432-1462</pages><volume>118</volume><number>7</number><dates><year>2018</year></dates><isbn>0263-5577</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Tsang et al., 2018). Standard supply chain management is different from cold chains, which handle things like medicines, chilled food, and frozen food ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Tsang</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>2</RecNum><DisplayText>(Tsang et al., 2018)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>2</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="pfr5v9vp4faddqex095v5vrlwxzz5t9ffd9s" timestamp="1722163693">2</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tsang, Yung Po</author><author>Choy, King Lun</author><author>Wu, Chun-Ho</author><author>Ho, George TS</author><author>Lam, Cathy HY</author><author>Koo, PS</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>An Internet of Things (IoT)-based risk monitoring system for managing cold supply chain risks</title><secondary-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</full-title></periodical><pages>1432-1462</pages><volume>118</volume><number>7</number><dates><year>2018</year></dates><isbn>0263-5577</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Tsang et al., 2018). This is because goods in cold chains have a shorter shelf life and are more affected by things like temperature, humidity, and lighting intensity ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Tsang</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>2</RecNum><DisplayText>(Tsang et al., 2018)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>2</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="pfr5v9vp4faddqex095v5vrlwxzz5t9ffd9s" timestamp="1722163693">2</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tsang, Yung Po</author><author>Choy, King Lun</author><author>Wu, Chun-Ho</author><author>Ho, George TS</author><author>Lam, Cathy HY</author><author>Koo, PS</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>An Internet of Things (IoT)-based risk monitoring system for managing cold supply chain risks</title><secondary-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</full-title></periodical><pages>1432-1462</pages><volume>118</volume><number>7</number><dates><year>2018</year></dates><isbn>0263-5577</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Tsang et al., 2018).
The following figure shows the existing problems in a cold supply chain
Note. The temperature of the goods is checked by all the parties when receiving it. But the product might already be contaminated during the transportation or storage in other places. Also, the temperature of the goods has to be maintained in lower temperatures. This will affect the health, safety and comfort of the employees. IoT devices like wearables can be used to monitor the health metrics of the employees, which can be used to improve safety measures of the staff. Adapted from An Internet of Things (IoT)-based risk monitoring system for managing cold supply chain risks. Industrial Management & Data Systems, ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Tsang</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>2</RecNum><DisplayText>Tsang et al. (2018)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>2</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="pfr5v9vp4faddqex095v5vrlwxzz5t9ffd9s" timestamp="1722163693">2</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tsang, Yung Po</author><author>Choy, King Lun</author><author>Wu, Chun-Ho</author><author>Ho, George TS</author><author>Lam, Cathy HY</author><author>Koo, PS</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>An Internet of Things (IoT)-based risk monitoring system for managing cold supply chain risks</title><secondary-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</full-title></periodical><pages>1432-1462</pages><volume>118</volume><number>7</number><dates><year>2018</year></dates><isbn>0263-5577</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>Tsang et al. (2018)
The main problem during the current COVID-19 epidemic has been to keep the vaccinations working well and being reliable ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ali</Author><Year>2023</Year><RecNum>4</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ali & Khan, 2023)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="pfr5v9vp4faddqex095v5vrlwxzz5t9ffd9s" timestamp="1722164634">4</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ali, Y.</author><author>Khan, H. U.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Shahzeb Shaheed Government Degree College Razzar, Swabi, Higher Education Department, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Accounting and Information Systems, College of Business and Economics, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. habib.khan@qu.edu.qa.</auth-address><titles><title>IoT platforms assessment methodology for COVID-19 vaccine logistics and transportation: a multi-methods decision making model</title><secondary-title>Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group)</full-title></periodical><pages>17575</pages><volume>13</volume><number>1</number><edition>20231016</edition><keywords><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>COVID-19 Vaccines</keyword><keyword>*COVID-19/prevention & control</keyword><keyword>*Internet of Things</keyword><keyword>Reproducibility of Results</keyword><keyword>Decision Making</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2023</year><pub-dates><date>Oct 16</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2045-2322 (Electronic)
2045-2322 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>37845382</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37845382</url></related-urls></urls><custom1>The authors declare no competing interests.</custom1><custom2>PMC10579304</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1038/s41598-023-44966-y</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-name>Medline</remote-database-name><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ali & Khan, 2023). Because COVID-19 vaccines are very sensitive to temperature, they need to be carefully handled and transported while being carefully watched. Management of the cold chain is the only thing that can keep the vaccine's purity ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ali</Author><Year>2023</Year><RecNum>4</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ali & Khan, 2023)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="pfr5v9vp4faddqex095v5vrlwxzz5t9ffd9s" timestamp="1722164634">4</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ali, Y.</author><author>Khan, H. U.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Shahzeb Shaheed Government Degree College Razzar, Swabi, Higher Education Department, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Accounting and Information Systems, College of Business and Economics, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. habib.khan@qu.edu.qa.</auth-address><titles><title>IoT platforms assessment methodology for COVID-19 vaccine logistics and transportation: a multi-methods decision making model</title><secondary-title>Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group)</full-title></periodical><pages>17575</pages><volume>13</volume><number>1</number><edition>20231016</edition><keywords><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>COVID-19 Vaccines</keyword><keyword>*COVID-19/prevention & control</keyword><keyword>*Internet of Things</keyword><keyword>Reproducibility of Results</keyword><keyword>Decision Making</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2023</year><pub-dates><date>Oct 16</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2045-2322 (Electronic)
2045-2322 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>37845382</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37845382</url></related-urls></urls><custom1>The authors declare no competing interests.</custom1><custom2>PMC10579304</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1038/s41598-023-44966-y</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-name>Medline</remote-database-name><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ali & Khan, 2023). The cold supplychain is the most important part of any COVID-19 vaccine scheme ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ali</Author><Year>2023</Year><RecNum>4</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ali & Khan, 2023)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="pfr5v9vp4faddqex095v5vrlwxzz5t9ffd9s" timestamp="1722164634">4</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ali, Y.</author><author>Khan, H. U.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Shahzeb Shaheed Government Degree College Razzar, Swabi, Higher Education Department, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Accounting and Information Systems, College of Business and Economics, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. habib.khan@qu.edu.qa.</auth-address><titles><title>IoT platforms assessment methodology for COVID-19 vaccine logistics and transportation: a multi-methods decision making model</title><secondary-title>Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group)</full-title></periodical><pages>17575</pages><volume>13</volume><number>1</number><edition>20231016</edition><keywords><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>COVID-19 Vaccines</keyword><keyword>*COVID-19/prevention & control</keyword><keyword>*Internet of Things</keyword><keyword>Reproducibility of Results</keyword><keyword>Decision Making</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2023</year><pub-dates><date>Oct 16</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2045-2322 (Electronic)
2045-2322 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>37845382</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37845382</url></related-urls></urls><custom1>The authors declare no competing interests.</custom1><custom2>PMC10579304</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1038/s41598-023-44966-y</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-name>Medline</remote-database-name><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ali & Khan, 2023).
Making sure the cold chain process is followed correctly makes sure that the vaccination works ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ali</Author><Year>2023</Year><RecNum>4</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ali & Khan, 2023)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="pfr5v9vp4faddqex095v5vrlwxzz5t9ffd9s" timestamp="1722164634">4</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ali, Y.</author><author>Khan, H. U.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Shahzeb Shaheed Government Degree College Razzar, Swabi, Higher Education Department, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Accounting and Information Systems, College of Business and Economics, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. habib.khan@qu.edu.qa.</auth-address><titles><title>IoT platforms assessment methodology for COVID-19 vaccine logistics and transportation: a multi-methods decision making model</title><secondary-title>Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group)</full-title></periodical><pages>17575</pages><volume>13</volume><number>1</number><edition>20231016</edition><keywords><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>COVID-19 Vaccines</keyword><keyword>*COVID-19/prevention & control</keyword><keyword>*Internet of Things</keyword><keyword>Reproducibility of Results</keyword><keyword>Decision Making</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2023</year><pub-dates><date>Oct 16</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2045-2322 (Electronic)
2045-2322 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>37845382</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37845382</url></related-urls></urls><custom1>The authors declare no competing interests.</custom1><custom2>PMC10579304</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1038/s41598-023-44966-y</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-name>Medline</remote-database-name><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ali & Khan, 2023). From the place where the vaccine is made to the place where it is given, the cold chain unit makes sure that there are cold chain storage facilities available at all times ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ali</Author><Year>2023</Year><RecNum>4</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ali & Khan, 2023)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="pfr5v9vp4faddqex095v5vrlwxzz5t9ffd9s" timestamp="1722164634">4</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ali, Y.</author><author>Khan, H. U.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Shahzeb Shaheed Government Degree College Razzar, Swabi, Higher Education Department, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Accounting and Information Systems, College of Business and Economics, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. habib.khan@qu.edu.qa.</auth-address><titles><title>IoT platforms assessment methodology for COVID-19 vaccine logistics and transportation: a multi-methods decision making model</title><secondary-title>Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group)</full-title></periodical><pages>17575</pages><volume>13</volume><number>1</number><edition>20231016</edition><keywords><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>COVID-19 Vaccines</keyword><keyword>*COVID-19/prevention & control</keyword><keyword>*Internet of Things</keyword><keyword>Reproducibility of Results</keyword><keyword>Decision Making</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2023</year><pub-dates><date>Oct 16</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2045-2322 (Electronic)
2045-2322 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>37845382</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37845382</url></related-urls></urls><custom1>The authors declare no competing interests.</custom1><custom2>PMC10579304</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1038/s41598-023-44966-y</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-name>Medline</remote-database-name><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ali & Khan, 2023).
It is very important to deal with certain supply chain risks, like keeping the environment in good shape and making sure workers are safe in cold places ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Tsang</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>2</RecNum><DisplayText>(Tsang et al., 2018)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>2</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="pfr5v9vp4faddqex095v5vrlwxzz5t9ffd9s" timestamp="1722163693">2</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tsang, Yung Po</author><author>Choy, King Lun</author><author>Wu, Chun-Ho</author><author>Ho, George TS</author><author>Lam, Cathy HY</author><author>Koo, PS</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>An Internet of Things (IoT)-based risk monitoring system for managing cold supply chain risks</title><secondary-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</full-title></periodical><pages>1432-1462</pages><volume>118</volume><number>7</number><dates><year>2018</year></dates><isbn>0263-5577</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Tsang et al., 2018). The organised structure of the Internet of Things (IoT) sensor network and the powerful calculations of Artificial Intelligence (AI) work well together to make a promising way to build risk tracking systems in the cold chain ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Tsang</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>2</RecNum><DisplayText>(Tsang et al., 2018)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>2</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="pfr5v9vp4faddqex095v5vrlwxzz5t9ffd9s" timestamp="1722163693">2</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tsang, Yung Po</author><author>Choy, King Lun</author><author>Wu, Chun-Ho</author><author>Ho, George TS</author><author>Lam, Cathy HY</author><author>Koo, PS</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>An Internet of Things (IoT)-based risk monitoring system for managing cold supply chain risks</title><secondary-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Industrial Management & Data Systems</full-title></periodical><pages>1432-1462</pages><volume>118</volume><number>7</number><dates><year>2018</year></dates><isbn>0263-5577</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Tsang et al., 2018).
The research question focuses on how to deal with the challenges of a cold supply chain. The integration of IoT and IT services can address the issues like quality of the goods received, efficiency of the cold chain and improve health and safety of the staffs.
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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Wu et al., 2023). Product design, manufacturing, supply chain management, and process optimisation are some of these procedures in implementing IoTPEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5XdTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMjM8L1llYXI+PFJlY051
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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Wu et al., 2023). The implementation of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) enables broad data collection and utilisation, which in turn reduces errors, boosts efficiency, and improves process understandingPEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5XdTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMjM8L1llYXI+PFJlY051
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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Wu et al., 2023).
Methodology
Key Terms: Internet of Things, Cold chain management, cold chain transportation, cold chain logistics, cold chain efficiency, Artificial Intelligence, Supply chain digitalization, RFID, Food supply chain, blockchain, supply chain sustainability, Supply chain reliability, logistics optimization, Supply chain visbilitySearch Strategy:
ProQuest and Science Direct are the main databse used for this research.
The key words mentioned above were used to find relevant articles from the databases. The articles were narrowed down to 5 years old and peer reviewed articles. The language was set to English and other language articles were filtered out.
Boolean search techniques such as AND and OR were used along with the key words to narrow down to specific results.
The articles were selected based on the information available on the title and abstract.
References
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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Abbasi et al., 2023; Ahmad et al., 2024; Al-Talib et al., 2020; Ali et al., 2023; Ali & Khan, 2023; Bai et al., 2023; Balfaqih et al., 2023; Borgosz & Dikicioglu, 2024; Brochado et al., 2024; Burgess et al., 2024; Castiaux, 2010; Charlebois et al., 2024; Cui et al., 2022; Ding et al., 2023; Gillespie et al., 2023; Gogou et al., 2015; Hu et al., 2023; Jayashri et al., 2023; Jeoung et al., 2022; Jin & Karki, 2024; Khan et al., 2022; Kumar et al., 2023; Li & Chen, 2023; Liu et al., 2024; Liu & Yu, 2023; Liu & Zheng, 2022; Loisel et al., 2021; Lorenc, 2023; Lu, 2024; Madhani, 2021a, 2021b; Mangala et al., 2024; Mashat et al., 2024; Mohammed et al., 2022; Nagarajan et al., 2022; Narwane et al., 2022; Nizetic et al., 2020; Phuong et al., 2023; Qian et al., 2022; Rajabzadeh & Fatorachian, 2023; Ramrez et al., 2022; Sengupta et al., 2022; Senoo et al., 2024; Shashi, 2023; Si, 2022; Singh et al., 2023; Song & Wu, 2024; Tagarakis et al., 2021; Tang, 2023; Tian, 2023, 2024; Tsang et al., 2018; Varriale et al., 2023; Wei et al., 2023; Wu et al., 2023; Xu et al., 2021; Xue & Li, 2023; Yerpude et al., 2022; Zhang et al., 2023; Zhong et al., 2023)
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An investigation into logistics service quality (LSQ) and customer satisfaction
A Research Report Prepared at
The Eastern Institute of Technology Auckland, New Zealand
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Submission Date: Statement of Authenticity
By submitting this work, I declare that this work is entirely my own except those parts duly identified and referenced in my submission. It complies with any specified word limits and the requirements and regulations detailed in the course work instructions and any other relevant programme module declaration. In submitting this work, I acknowledge that I have read and understood the regulations and code regarding academic misconduct, including that relating to plagiarism, as specified in the programme handbook. I also acknowledge that this work will be subject to a variety of checks for academic integrity.
AbstractThe aim of this research study was to assess the relationship between Logistics Service Quality (LSQ) and customer satisfaction. The findings suggested that customers regard service quality as a critical factor in their purchasing decisions as well as loyalty. On the other hand, the importance of LSQin influencing customer satisfaction and also the status of logistics companies in a highly competitive environment is generally acknowledged. This study found that LSQ is directly related to customer satisfaction which in turn impacts customer loyalty and trust.
This study found that three recurring themes in the previous literature are LSQ and customer satisfaction in the logistics sector, factors for customer satisfaction in terms of LSQ and measuring LSQ and customer satisfaction. Different researchers have used the concept of LSQ in order to demonstrate the ability of firms to address the needs and expectations of their clients. The authors have used mainly the SERVQUAL model to understand the dimensions of LSQ which are impacting the level of customer satisfaction.
The theoretical, practical as well as methodological contributions of this research work are discussed in the last chapter. The theoretical and practical contributions of this study are discussed in key themes of - building customer satisfaction and loyalty, understanding LSQ factors, measuring LSQ and Strategic planning and development. The methodological contributions are discussed in reference to ILR and different theories from service quality, LSQ, and customer satisfaction.
Keywords: LSQ, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, SERVQUAL
AcknowledgementThis thesis would not be possible without the invaluable support and guidance of my thesis supervisor, Dr. Dobrila Lopez. My thesis supervisor is a great mentor who have provided me continuous support, motivation and in-depth knowledge which helped me to become a better researcher and complete this work in a proper way. I would also like to thank to the thesis committee for this learning opportunity.
Also, I would like to express my gratitude to my family and friends who have supported me in this journey. Finally, without the blessings of the Almighty, I wont be able overcome the difficulties. Therefore, with all this support, I am able to build my skills and knowledge.
Table of Contents
TOC o "1-3" h z u Abstract PAGEREF _Toc131202464 h iAcknowledgement PAGEREF _Toc131202465 h ii1. Chapter 1 Introduction: PAGEREF _Toc131202466 h 11.1 Chapter Overview PAGEREF _Toc131202467 h 11.2 Background PAGEREF _Toc131202468 h 11.3 Research Motivation (gaps) PAGEREF _Toc131202469 h 21.4 Research Objective/aim PAGEREF _Toc131202470 h 31.5 Research Question PAGEREF _Toc131202471 h 31.6 Research Significance (theoretical and practical) PAGEREF _Toc131202472 h 32. Chapter 2 Method: PAGEREF _Toc131202473 h 52.1 Chapter Overview PAGEREF _Toc131202474 h 52.2 Integrative Review Method PAGEREF _Toc131202475 h 52.3 Key Terms PAGEREF _Toc131202476 h 72.4 Search Strategy PAGEREF _Toc131202477 h 82.4 Eligibility Criteria (inclusion and exclusion) PAGEREF _Toc131202478 h 92.5 Screening and Selection PAGEREF _Toc131202479 h 102.6 Ethics and Ethical Considerations PAGEREF _Toc131202480 h 123. Chapter 3: Literature Review PAGEREF _Toc131202481 h 133.1 Chapter Overview PAGEREF _Toc131202482 h 133.2 Synthesis and Evaluation of Landmark Studies PAGEREF _Toc131202483 h 133.2.1 Landmark studies PAGEREF _Toc131202484 h 133.2.2 Landmark study 1 PAGEREF _Toc131202485 h 143.2.3 Landmark study 2 PAGEREF _Toc131202486 h 153.2.4 Landmark study 3 PAGEREF _Toc131202487 h 163.3 Definition Table/Concepts and Terms PAGEREF _Toc131202488 h 163.4 Theories and Theoretical Models in Previous Research PAGEREF _Toc131202489 h 183.5 Summary of Findings from Previous Literature PAGEREF _Toc131202490 h 193.6 Findings from the Previous Literature and Recurring Themes PAGEREF _Toc131202491 h 203.6.1 Summary of findings PAGEREF _Toc131202492 h 203.6.2 Findings/Theme 1: LSQ and customer satisfaction in logistics services PAGEREF _Toc131202493 h 203.6.3 Findings/ Theme 2: Factors for customer satisfaction in LSQ PAGEREF _Toc131202494 h 223.6.4 Findings/ Theme 3: Measuring LSQ and customer satisfaction PAGEREF _Toc131202495 h 233.7 Methodological Approaches used in Previous Studies PAGEREF _Toc131202496 h 263.7.1 Research methods PAGEREF _Toc131202497 h 263.7.2 Sampling methods PAGEREF _Toc131202498 h 263.7.3 Data Collection Approaches PAGEREF _Toc131202499 h 263.7.4 Data Analysis Approaches PAGEREF _Toc131202500 h 273.8 Research Gaps in Previous Literature PAGEREF _Toc131202501 h 274. Chapter 4 Discussion: PAGEREF _Toc131202502 h 294.1 Chapter Overview PAGEREF _Toc131202503 h 294.2 Contribution of this Research PAGEREF _Toc131202504 h 294.2.1 Theoretical contribution PAGEREF _Toc131202505 h 294.2.2 Practical contribution PAGEREF _Toc131202506 h 334.2.3 Methodological contribution PAGEREF _Toc131202507 h 374.3 Limitations PAGEREF _Toc131202508 h 384.4 Future research PAGEREF _Toc131202509 h 395. References PAGEREF _Toc131202510 h 416. Appendices PAGEREF _Toc131202511 h 456.1 Application for research PAGEREF _Toc131202512 h 456.2 Approval letter PAGEREF _Toc131202513 h 496.3 Supervisor submission agreement PAGEREF _Toc131202514 h 506.4 Annotated bibliography PAGEREF _Toc131202515 h 52
1. Chapter 1 Introduction:1.1 Chapter OverviewThis chapter begins with an overview of the research context/background, followed by the research motivation. This section presents the research aim, objectives as well as key research questions. Moreover, this chapter discusses the theoretical as well as practical significance of this research study.
1.2 BackgroundIt has become increasinglycrucial now than ever to understand client wants and work to figure out ways to meet them if an enterprise intendsto achieve a competitive edge. According toHseyinolu, Sorkun, & Brhan (2018), customer satisfaction is closely related to the need of contemporarycustomers for more excellent service in alongside withsuperior products. It should come as no surprise mentioning that companies that do not prioritise exceeding customer expectations are not going to be able to compete in the long run. Due to the competitive nature of the business and economic landscape, organisations are motivated to concentrate on their core business of creating high-quality items that satisfy their clients. Moreover, firmsstrive to sustain customer satisfaction, loyalty as well asmarket dominance by combining high-quality services with operational excellence (Le, Nguyen & Truong, 2020). However, finding the main components of service quality is crucial in order to forge an enduring relationship with consumers by altering their experience and satisfaction levels. The fierce competition in the service enterprisesis making it more appealing for companies to pay attention to their clients' aspirations (Hussein, Hassan & Hamid, 2015). Also, when it comes to logistics organisations, it is more difficult than in other industries to comprehend client demands and meet their wants (Awasthi, Sayyadi & Khabbazian, 2018). Hence, it is becoming increasingly important for firmsto enhance new offerings in order to create value for clients and preserve client connections.
On the other hand, to be successful in business today, the production of high-quality items alone is not sufficient; logistics play a significant role and are a crucial source of an organisation's competitiveness (Vasi et al., 2021). However, up until now, logistics has mostly been viewed as an expense for the business. Nonetheless, this conventional understanding of logistics began to change in the latter of the 20th century when marketing-based research on logistics began examining the capacity of logistics organisations to increase customer satisfaction with the help of the quality of their services (Hseyinolu, Sorkun, & Brhan, 2018). Nowadays, because to the actual services they offer and the impacts they exerton consumers, logistics is often used by companies as a source ofcompetitiveness. The fundamental responsibility of logistics operations is to guarantee that a firm's profitability is attained and perpetuated at an appropriate level with the help of logistics. This responsibility is fulfilled by combining deliverables in the best possible way (Subramanian et al., 2014). Also, if the logistics infrastructure is done properly, it enables a business to lower operational costs, which raises profitability (Subramanian et al., 2014).
In recent times, the value of logistics services has been acknowledged in both practices as well as literature (Masudin et al., 2020). The use of logistics services may help businesses gain a competitive edge and satisfy consumers. The accomplishment of the aforementioned goals depends heavily on the efficiency of logistics activities and maintaining it in a long-term standpoint. In recent times, the relevance of Logistics Service Quality (LSQ) has grown. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the concept of LSQ, its different factors as well as its relationship with customer satisfaction.
1.3 Research Motivation (gaps)In the contemporary business era, it is crucial that customer satisfaction is maintained with the help of effective service quality and LSQ. According to Le, Nguyen & Truong (2020), the utilisation of logistics services and procedures may be effective in generating additional value for both the organisation as well asclients. However, there is little agreement on the characteristics of LSQ, despite the fact that a few writers have studied its dimensions (Subramanian et al., 2014). Growth, as well as market share, is raised, a useful system based on consumer opinion is developed, favourable implications for customer satisfaction and loyalty are offered, and a competitive edge is reached in various business domains and categories. To establish a competitive edge in the marketplace, logistics firms need to comprehend the shifting attitudes and preferences of their clients. It is challenging for logistics organisations to succeed in the market without a grasp of the fundamental drivers that underlie their behavioural goals.
Yet, this issue hasn't received essential attention in the past. The placement of goods, analysis of stock levels, and the layout of the corporate logistics network comprise the traditional logistics research technique. The so-called "soft" notions like quality, loyalty and satisfaction receive less focus. Moreover, service quality is a complex phenomenon which is comprised of different variables. Hence, it is crucial to assess the different factors which impact customer satisfaction in the context of logistics service quality (LSQ). Yet, some of the characteristics that may be seen in these intricate interactions are not yet sufficiently understood or explained by existing research. Thus, the existingresearch's shortcomings offer prospects for more investigation. Therefore, this study looks at customer satisfaction with logistics providers from the standpoint of elements that affect the quality of those services. Hence, given the paucity of existing research in the regards of LSQ, this study tries to discuss the key factors that may exert influence on customer satisfaction.
1.4 Research Objective/aimThis research study aims to assess the relationship between Logistics Service Quality (LSQ) and customer satisfaction.
The research objectives for this study are:
To understand the concept of Logistics Service Quality (LSQ)
To assess the different factors of LSQ which impact customer satisfaction
To examine the impact of LSQ on customer satisfaction
1.5 Research QuestionThe main research question is:
What is the relationship between Logistics Service Quality (LSQ) and customer satisfaction?
1.6 Research Significance (theoretical and practical)Theoretical
When evaluating the significance of logistics as a means of gaining a competitiveedge, it has grown increasingly crucial in the logistics domain to recognise the attitudes and desires of consumers (Awasthi, Sayyadi & Khabbazian, 2018). Recognising logistics from the consumer's viewpoint may improve offeringsand serve as a vehicle for differentiation, even if offering logistics services involves by lowering expenses while improving overall service quality (Subramanian et al., 2014). By understanding the expectations of the customer, enterprises may focus on the service elements that are likely to have the most bearing on subsequent actions andbehaviour. Hence, the goal of the current study is to close the knowledge gap that Vasi et al. (2021) identified on how companies evaluate and manage the LSQ component of an interconnected solution of supply chain quality. By analysing customer service characteristics connected to logistics and, specifically, how logistics management (LSQ) influences customer satisfaction, this research also contributes to the existing knowledge pool about service quality in the fields of SCM andlogistics.
Practical
Businesses may succeed by giving customised and proactiveservice levels, building trusting connections throughout the supply network, and delivering high-quality items and offerings, among other things (Zhang, Shi & Qiu, 2020). Moreover, customers' preferences and requirements should be prioritised by any firm looking to gain a competitive edge. The fact that understanding the needs of the customers has a favourable impact on their impression of customer satisfaction is one of the contributions of this article. However, without knowing the core factors underlying the customers' behavioural goals, logistics organisations cannot establish any kind of long-term partnership. In this regard, this study will provide practical implications for firms and managers to understand these factors.
Knowing what consumers want allows businesses to develop innovative services that provide value for customers and improve the appeal of their offerings to them. Managers must understand that traditional logistics services might not be suitable in all circumstances when making decisions concerning logistics solutions. Some consumers might need a certain degree of service to keep them coming back, whereas others may not require or desire that same level. Consequently, according to the value of the consumer and their requirements for the logistics service supplied by the provider, resources should be modified as per the client. This study will have management implications that help inform logistical strategy decisions about client satisfactionproblems.
Managers will be better equipped and capable of determining what quality of logistics servicesto deliver to various client categories if the customer relationship can be readily understood. Because resources are few, businesses should only devote them to projects that are most beneficial. This study should aid managers in creating plans for handling a spectrum of customer relationships. SCM and logistics managers will be able to determine how to enhance customer relationships as well as satisfaction levels. Also, Businesses may easily raise the calibre of their offerings and create long-lasting connections with their customers by taking into account userfeedback (Zhang, Shi & Qiu, 2020). The major business implication of this research investigation is that logistics service providers may more readily pinpoint where to concentrate for enhancing their LSQ.
2. Chapter 2 Method:2.1 Chapter OverviewThe research method is a crucial component in performing a scientific investigation (Torraco, 2016). In this regard, this section aims to develop and discuss an effective methodology which is most appropriate for this research. The integrative review method is used for this study as it enables the author to use various research articles in relation to logistics service quality and customer satisfaction. After examining the suitability of the Integrative review method, this section also presents the key terms, search strategy and eligibility (inclusion as well as exclusion) criteria. This section discusses the screening and selection process which is adopted in this dissertation to select the final research articles. Lastly, the chapter examines the key ethical Considerations which are applicable in the given context of ILR.
2.2 Integrative Review MethodTo conduct this research study, an integrated literaturereview (ILR)approach is applied. An ILR is a specialised review technique that offers a more thorough knowledge of a certain phenomenon or researchissue by summarising existing empirical or conceptual research (Hopia, Latvala & Liimatainen, 2016). ILRs possess the ability to increase knowledge through guiding efforts in practice, scientific inquiry, and strategy development (Torraco, 2016). Current efforts to promote an evidence-based approach have boosted the necessity and output of all categories of literature reviews (systematic reviews, integrative reviews, qualitative reviews and meta-analyses). The ILR technique has the potential to contribute more to the evidence-based approach since it is the only strategy that permits the blending of various approaches (such as empirical as well as non-experimental investigations) (Perignat & Katz-Buonincontro, 2019). ILRs that are rigorous and robust have the capacity to give a thorough grasp of research challenges (Hopia, Latvala & Liimatainen, 2016). ILRs draw on a variety of data sources to help readers gain a comprehensive grasp of the subject at hand. ILR studies that are done well represent the status of the research, advance theory, and have immediate relevance for practitioners and managers, for instance, in the given research context.
The ILR approach is used to examine published data on a specific topic and recognise any possible research gaps that should be filled up during later studies. An ILR gives a larger, more encompassing picture of a research issue as compared to an SLR, which consists of several research questions or hypotheses (Perignat & Katz-Buonincontro, 2019). An ILR summarises various sorts of evidence using diverse approaches (Vicente-Saez & Martinez-Fuentes, 2018). It also contrasts with other review methods, like the realist analysis, also known as the realism synthesis, which is premised on identifying the factors that contribute to the efficacy or effectiveness of interventions, whereas ILR possesses a broad reach (Snyder, 2019). However, merging several data sources is complicated and difficult while using the ILR method. Nonetheless, the difficulty involved in fusing many techniques may result in a lack of objectivity, inaccuracy and prejudice (Vicente-Saez & Martinez-Fuentes, 2018). There are techniques to improve data capture and extract information, such as literature searches (Snyder, 2019). To guard against potential bias and increase the precision of results, explicit and methodical data analysis techniques particular to the ILR process are required. Nonetheless, itmay be possible to reduce error and bias by using qualitative or mixed-method research approaches to this procedure. Hence, the ILR method is suitable for conducting this research study.
Regarding the depth of this dissertation, the collection of data, and the interpretation of that data, this technique is highly beneficial. Using this technique, the researcher will have the opportunity to gather and evaluate the most pertinent papers in relation to the study agenda. In this dissertation work, the scholar was able to access and assess a wide range of relevant research which provides substantial empirical and conceptual evidence to support the relationship between LSQ and customer satisfaction. For example, a research paper by Limbourg, Giang and Cools (2016) was selected as it describes the service quality dimensions in terms of logistics. Likewise, another pioneering research was selected in the domain of LSQ and customer satisfaction of Src and zispa (2017), who have used not only the SERVQUAL model to understand customer satisfaction from the perspective of LSQ but also developed an effective Logistics Service Quality Model. Similarly, the research findings of Idris and Yaakob (2019) revealed the presence of a strong and positive association between customer loyalty and LSQ in various sectors and firms that provide logistical services.
Research articles like the above-mentioned provide a holistic view of the concept of LSQ and customer satisfaction. With the help of such high-quality research papers, appropriate research conclusions can be drawn for this study. Overall, the utilisation of ILR methodology to address the research question of this study, "What is the relationship between Logistics Service Quality (LSQ) and customer satisfaction? is justified.
2.3 Key TermsLSQ is acknowledged as a necessary element in contemporary markets. Numerous studies in this area have recently been expanding quickly. In multiple industries and observational focus areas, research articles have appeared in large numbers. Numerous techniques have been used with numerous dimensions in these studies. The majority of research articlesmention empirical research and point out the important role of LSQ (Idris & Yaakob, 2019). Although this topic has been discussed by a number of scholars, the results and recommendations are completely dissimilar, especially in regard to the dimensions and characteristics of the quality of the logistic service. Therefore, it is crucial that appropriate key terms should be used to locate the best available research article to address the research aim of this dissertation.
This study utilised a variety of keywords to locate the most pertinent papers discussing the quality of logistics services across multiple fields and with numerous perspectives in reliable and credible databases such as Scopus, Emerald and ScienceDirect. By using these databases as well as eligibility criteria, it was ascertained that high-quality research articles were accessed and extracted for this dissertation work.
The main key terms which were involved in the search strategy are Logistics, logistics industry, service quality, service quality in logistics, logistics service quality, customer satisfaction in the logistics industry, logistics service quality and customer satisfaction, impact of logistics service quality on customer satisfaction, logistics service quality dimensions and factors of logistics service quality. Since all of them are synonymous or interchangeable throughout the literature, the use of these key terms provided wide coverage for the available research or literature in the given context. Moreover, these key terms were used by using Boolean operators (OR and AND) to get the most relevant search results for the given topic.
To ascertainthat all pertinent papers are found, many online search engines are employed. Many first records that may be included in an ILR may be obtained as the outcome of a search. Using inclusion as well as exclusion criteria to further narrow this before moving on to the next stage of the procedure included narrowing the inquiries. The research paper selection ought to be specific as well as sensitive, which pertains to the precision level of the quest or to the accuracy with which the search had been undertaken so that it can mitigate the risk of errors. In this way, it can be ascertained that only unbiased and relevant papers are included in the analysis (Mendes, Silveira & Galvo, 2019). Overall, it can be argued that the use of effective key terms enabled the scholar to extract the relevant research articles for this research work.
2.4 Search StrategyAn organised arrangement of search phrases is known as a search strategy (Toronto, 2020). To get relevant search results, the search strategy integrates the essential ideas in the search query. The search strategy should take into account all available search terms, topic headers, abbreviated search terms, and wildcard search terms. Since incomplete and biased searches lead toan ineffective dataset and the possibility of false negatives, well-defined literature search procedures are essential for boosting the validity and reliabilityof any sort of study (Doolen, 2017). Managing the challenge of publication bias could be pertinent to the literature search stage based on the goal and kind of material included in an ILR(Mendes, Silveira & Galvo, 2019).
To discover the most relevant terms, a scoping search was carried out. The exact mix of keywords may vary from database to database, though, since certain databases may not produce enough appropriate information when all of the keywords are utilised. To improve the accuracy and reproducibility of the ILR, the precise keyword combinations utilised within every database must be noted (Toronto, 2020). In this regard, only the effective key terms were used (as discussed in the above section). The use of appropriate keywords enabled the author to get the required research articles for addressing the research question. Moreover, it was ascertained that only those scholarly publications are taken into consideration for this study in which the chosen keywords are present as primary variables rather than as additional or secondary elements. The key terms must be reflected in the abstract and key findings of the research articles if selected for this dissertation. For example, if a research paper discusses LSQ but in terms of sales and customer loyalty and not in specific terms of customer satisfaction or service quality dimensions, then the research article is discarded.
Besides the key terms, search limits for each database were applied to access only the required research articles. A standard database search restriction enables a scholar to focus on results and obtain articles most pertinent to the study issue (Durai, 2021). In this study, the limits were placed in the forms of research topic, publication date and language.
For ILRto produce a fresh perspective on the subject of inquiry, an effectiveintegration and analysisof a substantial quantity of existing data are necessary (Doolen, 2017). It is a complicated task that calls for honest and reliable procedures (Durai, 2021). Data must be extracted into matrices (tables) so that reviewers may compare and contrast (patterns) them in connection to the specified review goal or objectives. Afterwards, such searchpatterns are combined. Reviewers have to progress through this searchprocess from just knowing the facts about a problem to understanding it conceptually (Toronto & Remington, 2020). Hence, the search strategy was iterative to obtain the required results.
Apart from accessing the required research material, the search strategy also focussed on the quality appraisal of the research articles to ensure high-quality work. However, there are often numerous standards for quality that vary depending on the study design type. Moreover, the complexity of assessing primary source quality in an integrated review technique that uses a variety of primary sources grows. It is clear that assessing the quality of original sources for an ILR is difficult. In an ILR, original source quality should ideally be taken into account to a significant degree. For instance, two quality criterion instruments might be created for both theoretical as well as empirical sources separately, and the quality ratings can be utilised as a criterion for deciding whether to include or exclude or as a parameter in the data analysis phase, as suggested by the integrative review of the idea of integration. Hence, this study used the quality score of the research articles to select high-quality materials for the dissertation.
2.4 Eligibility Criteria (inclusion and exclusion)A scholar should create particular inclusion as well as exclusion criteria in advance for narrowing down the enormous volume of material that was found during the search to only the pertinent research papers. Such requirements are connected to the characteristics (common components) of the developed research topic, like the target group and the conclusion. Although the reliability of the outcomes and general validity are correlated with the research design, inclusion criteria may include the type of research design (Toronto & Remington, 2020). Language may also serve as a criterion for inclusion to prevent prejudice that can arise from only considering materials in one language (Toronto & Remington, 2020).
The inclusion criteria used in this research study involve:
Research articles should be peer-reviewed
Research articles have used effective research design
Research articles should have been published within the last 10 years
Research articles should be published in English
Research articles are extracted from a high-impact journal
Research articles are based on empirical evidence and theoretical concepts
The title and abstract of the research articles are relevant to the research issue
Effective research methodology is used in the research articles
Where primary reports might have been used instead of secondary reports, and when more recent versions of studies were used instead of older ones, older versions were discarded.
On the other hand, exclusion criteria may call for papers to be excluded if they fail to tackle the researchhypothesis or question being investigated; for example, the research approach used in a research paper was inadequate for addressing the question. Also, the only research articles which ought to be eliminated and noted as "excluded" with a justification for removal are those that obviously do not fit the criteria for inclusion and are replicated across many databases or journals (Durai, 2021).
The exclusion criteria for this research study involve:
Manuscripts (such as thesis or abstracts) which are unpublished or ahead-of-print were excluded
Research papers written in languages apart from English, prefaces, novels,and postscripts were all involvedin the excluded material.
Research articles are published before 10 years
Research articles are not peer-reviewed
Research articles are not published in a high-impact journal
Research articles do not use empirical evidence
Weak research methodology is used in the research articles
Based on these inclusion and exclusion criteria, the scholar was able to identify the most appropriate research articles to perform this research work. The inclusion and exclusion criteria served to narrow down the search scope and enabled the scholar to perform the search effectively. The above-mentioned inclusion and exclusion criteria provided the scholar with pertinent research articles which can address the research question.
2.5 Screening and SelectionBy using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the scholar initially selected 115 research articles for this study. However, 60 research articles were finalised after the initial screening based on the quality score and relevance of the paper for this research study. After studying these 60 papers, the most applicable research articles to the research objective (LSQ and its impact on customer satisfaction) were arranged based on their relevance and quality. As supported by Maxwell (2016), determining quality scores and applying them to the methodology or assessment may be best in an ILR if primary sources adhere to a comparable research strategy. Furthermore, to put the research requirements into practice, a preliminary evaluation of each study's title, as well as it's abstract, was done, letting papers that didn't meet the aforementioned requirements be eliminated. Only those scholarly publications were taken into consideration for this study in which the chosen keywords are present as primary variables rather than as additional or secondary elements. Theory analysis, as well as critique approaches, may also be used to assess theoretical papers and to select the most appropriate ones. Finally, out of 60 screened research articles, only 38 are included in this which match all the inclusion criteria.
Apart from the above-mentioned factors (keywords, research strategy, theory analysis as well as critique approaches), the research articles were screened for reliability and validity aspects. It is essential to evaluate the reliability or internal validity of the chosen research articleswhen undertaking an ILR (Mendes, Silveira & Galvo, 2019). The calibre of the research articlesincluded determines how strong a review's conclusions are (Durai, 2021). The evaluation of the quality of research findingsthat takes place in an ILR marks a significant distinction from a systematic review approach. For example, quality appraisal is a key method a reviewer uses to lessen bias in studies that are chosen.
The ILR technique requires careful planning and meticulous labour, the results of which may significantly advance an existing body of information and, as a result, practice and research. While performing an ILR, upholding scientific integrity entails being attentive to validity risks. In this stage of the ILR, some of these validity issues must be taken into account. According to Vicente-Saez & Martinez-Fuentes (2018), the reviewer should avoid defining the operational definitions too narrowly since doing so might lower the quality of the results. Nevertheless, the authors also advise against describing the operational criteria too widely, as this may lead to the omission of crucial research information and inaccurate interpretation of results. The author advises the investigator to utilise the widest definition of the concept imaginable and to devote meticulous attention to the variations in research methodology forcounteracting suchchallenges to validity. The researchermust continually strike a balance between conceptual definition and techniques review throughout thisprocess. In order to address these validity issues, this scholar has assessed different research studies and then developed a precise operational definition. Also, this study has incorporated high-quality research studies and a diverse range of perspectives in order to uphold the high reliability and validity of these results. Overall, based on these screening and selection parameters, the scholar assessed the available research papers. The chosen research papers were then subjected to a more thorough evaluation, which led to a finalised list of 38 research articles which are most relevant to the topic of LSQ and customer satisfaction. Hence, it can be argued that the chosen screening and selection approach helped the scholar to get the required data for completing this research work.
2.6 Ethics and Ethical ConsiderationsIntegrative reviewers should ethically take the review objective and the quality as well as the applicability of the evidence given in primary research findings into consideration (Mendes, Silveira & Galvo, 2019). It is crucial to employ assessment criteria that are consistent with the ontological perspective of the study's researcher when assessing the evidence's reliability in individual studies. Integrative literature reviewers should ethically assess the degree to which conclusions reported in individual research are supported by the presented evidence instead of looking for perfect investigations. ILR authors ought to be aware of the quality standards that are consistent with the ontological perspective of the primary analysis when assessing information from individual research findings (Toronto, 2020). It is crucial to consider ethically logical explanations for crucial information that could be absent from certain reports and how it could affect the study results (Maxwell, 2016). ILR authors should narrow down the material that is most important for meeting the synthesis purpose by selective inclusion that is strategically informed. Based on these arguments, the scholar used effective inclusion and exclusion criteria, quality appraisal and screening and selection approach to perform the research in an ethical manner.
An ILR author should be particularly attentive to ethical issues like failing to differentiate between different types of evidence, unexplained selectivity, incorrectly classifying contextual factors, exaggerating assertions made in the research beyond they can be supported by the evidence stated in primary studies and failing to give enough consideration to results that are incongruent with generalisations presented in the research (Toronto, 2020). Therefore, in this study, the author concentrated on assuring an accurate depiction of the participants' perspectives as articulated through the authors' interpretative framework for the original investigations. Instead of trying to generalise the results, the author tried to concentrate on transferability by looking at how the results of other research interact with their contextual and methodological frameworks.
3. Chapter 3: Literature Review3.1 Chapter OverviewIn this section, the existing logistics literature has been reviewed critically in light of the research aim. In order to explore the literature and develop a comprehensive review around the research topic, landmark studies are discussed. The literature review discusses the concept of logistics service quality (LSQ) and customer satisfaction, then move towards the impact of LSQ on customer satisfaction. This segment also assesses the different factors which can impact customer satisfaction in the logistics sector as well as the strategies which can be used to improve LSQ and customer satisfaction in the logistics sector. Lastly, a research gap will be identified based on the findings of this literature review.
3.2 Synthesis and Evaluation of Landmark Studies3.2.1 Landmark studies
The importance of logistics quality in influencing customer satisfaction and the status of logistics companies in a highly competitive environment is generally acknowledged. Although this topic has been discussed by a number of scholars, the results and recommendations are completely dissimilar, especially in regard to the dimensions and characteristics of the quality of the logistic service.
The landmark studies are selected basis on the highest number of citations as well as providing new perspective and insights about the research topic. The first landmark study included in this research is by Limbourg, Giang and Cools (2016), who analysed the LSQ of the logistics service providers with the help of the SERVQUAL Model. The research employs the SERVQUAL model's components to collect customer views of the service quality in the LSPs' logistics activities in a particular region. The tool used most frequently to gauge service quality is called SERVQUAL. With SERVQUAL, the service quality gap is precisely assessed by looking at both service quality as well as customer demands. This paradigm is not only extensively utilised in business but is also frequently acknowledged in the literature. This study is included as a landmark study as the service qualitygap model formed the foundation for various service quality models, including the performance alone model, the synthesis model of service,the normalised quality and assessed performance model, etc., according to an examination of the literature.
Another pioneering research in the domain of LSQ and customer satisfaction is of Src and zispa (2017), who have used not only the SERVQUAL model to understand customer satisfaction from the perspective of LSQ but also developed an effective Logistics Service Quality Model. In regards to how the theoretical foundation of customer satisfaction of quality factors has been assessed, the study of Src and zispa (2017) varies from other existing research studies. Apart from the service quality dimension, the authors also demonstrated the link between brand trust, loyalty and perceived quality is not linear and hence, LSQ must be assessed in a holistic manner. Based on the findings, the author also presented a modified version of the conceptual model of service quality which can be used to understand the relationships between LSQ and customer satisfaction in a comprehensive manner.
The third landmark study which is included in this analysis is the research study of Vasi et al. (2021), which offers demand-side insight into the variables to be taken into account when evaluating the quality of logistic service in the field ofe-commerce which makes it crucial in the area of LSQ and customer satisfaction. The conceptual model of service quality aspects has been put to the test in this research to determine its applicability to online shoppers' perceptions of satisfaction. By a thorough analysis of past research and measurement methodologies, this study offers investigators and logistics professionals a foundation for the concept of service quality in terms of the logistics sector.
3.2.2 Landmark study 1
Limbourg, Giang and Cools (2016) analysed the LSQ of the logistics service providers in Da Nang City from the lens of the SERVQUAL Model and its dimensions. In order to evaluate the perceived service quality from the perspective of the consumers, the article incorporates all of the SERVQUAL model's factors and sub-factors. In this regard, this study has used empirical evidence to support the usefulness of the SERVQUAL Model. The main result of this research is that there are a lot of favourable impressions of the current LSPs among clients of logistics services in the relevant city. The conclusions are credible since they are supported by statistical analysis and the perspectives of the existingcustomer base. The research is significant because it demonstrates the relative importance of each SERVQUAL model elementwhen evaluating the calibre of a logistics service. According to the results of the relevant study, it is crucial for understanding the current LSPs of a given institution to place an emphasis on advancing research and development and providing more specialised customer service. Moreover, realising that SERVQUAL is a significant model for determining how customers perceive the quality of services, the article's conclusions directly relate to this research topic.
On the other hand, business functions are most likely to differ throughout sectors and nations, and study findings from one area should not be extrapolated to a case of another sector or nation unless an empirical validation has been carried out, as per Hseyinolu, Sorkun and Brhan (2018). This suggests that the list of components for each SERVQUAL dimension has to be changed in order to render the items more pertinent to the unique features of a business operation. However, this research does not take into consideration the unique features of a business as well as the supplier's perspectives regarding the quality of their logistics services. Hence, this study utilised other landmark studies which have considered the demand and supply perspectives in understanding the impact of LSQ on customer satisfaction.
3.2.3 Landmark study 2 Src and zispa (2017) explored how brand elements in the e-commerce market are affected by service quality and logistics. The researchers also placed a strong emphasis on elements such as trust,quality andbrand loyalty in addition tohigh-quality logistical services. The study is founded on a conceptual frameworkof service quality that is widely used in the logistics industry for e-commerce businesses. Using a theoretical analysis of LSQand empirical research with actual clients who have utilised logistics solutions, this study examines consumer satisfaction as well as customerloyalty regarding logistics service providers in great detail. The purpose of the study was to examine the characteristics of logistics service quality and their effects on patron loyalty and satisfaction. Additionally, depending on how the service quality was regarded, the model was redesigned. The results of this investigation demonstrated that the perceived service quality by clients as well as their brand trust, are significantly influenced by the LSQ, although their brand loyalty is unaffected. The results, particularly in regard to brand loyalty, cannot be regarded as entirely complete and diverge from the claims made in the literature. Additionally, to achieve effective LSQ, a corporation must take into account the elements of brand trust, loyalty as well as perceived quality.
The study's findings suggest ways to increase client loyalty and satisfaction with logistics companies. The paper is significant for its implications for the domain ofe-commerce management of various organisations as well as for further in-depth future studies in this field. Moreover, in regards to how the theoretical foundation of customer satisfaction of quality factors has been assessed, the study varies from other existing research studies. Nevertheless, with the current business environment's increased degree of competition, it is crucial for e-commerce enterprises and logistics providers.
3.2.4 Landmark study 3Vasi et al. (2021) evaluated the impact of logistics services on customer satisfaction in e-commerce. While evaluating the service quality of logistics services in the sector ofe-commerce, it is crucial to take the customer satisfaction aspects into account. In this regard, this study is crucial as it discussed in detail how the customers perceive the services, which impacts their satisfaction levels. Furthermore, the authors discussed ways to measure the quality of logistics services as well as how customer satisfaction can be measured in terms of LSQ. The results of this research show how many aspects of the logistics service that have been observed affect consumer satisfaction in the domain ofe-commerce. The measuring device serves as an essential scientific method in this field. Considering that they have been based on statistical research and consumer perceptions, the results are compelling. This researchis significant because it places a strong emphasis on the characteristics of the demand side, stressing the variables to be included in the modelling for gauging the quality of logistic services via the lens ofcustomer satisfaction. Moreover, the authors have used evidence to validate the findings as well as conclusions of their investigation. In fact, the study does a thorough statistical analysis to identify the key elements influencing customer perceptions as well assatisfaction.
Like earlier studies, this study places a strong focus on the calibre of the logistical services provided by e-commerce; however, it does so primarily from the standpoint of the demand side as well as customer satisfaction. It offers demand-side insight into the variables to be taken into account when evaluating the quality of logistic service in the field ofe-commerce which makes it crucial in the area of LSQ and customer satisfaction.
3.3 Definition Table/Concepts and TermsThe fundamental definitions necessary to fully comprehend the research problem are provided in this part of the literature review. It presents the key definitions of the given research topic (table 1).
Table 1: Key concepts and definitions
Concept/Term Definition Author(s)
Logistics Service Quality (LSQ) LSQcorresponds to the customers' perceptions based on how well the producer's workers can serve them and the calibre of the information they are given.
According to its definition, LSQ is a tool for gauging the value that the service provider creates from the perspectives of the client.
LSQ is logistics' capacity to provide high-quality service and increase satisfaction.
LSQ implies the existence of 3 key elements - quality, availability and timeliness and their interaction. Limbourg, Giang and Cools (2016)
Kahnali and Esmaeili (2015)
Customer Satisfaction Customer satisfaction pertains to themeasure of a customer's perception of the likelihood that a service will leave them feeling good.
Customer satisfaction corresponds tothe outcomeof the buying process, which has a significant impact on future consumer behaviour, including loyalty and repeat sales orrepurchases.
Whenever the most critical service quality qualities are met or exceeded, customers are more likely to be satisfied. Richu et al. (2022) Shaban and Salih (2020)
Service Quality theory The theory of service quality implies that the evaluation of client satisfaction is based on the overall high calibre of services.
Service quality corresponds toanassessment of how closely the level of service provided fits the client's demands and expectations.
Service quality is premised on five key dimensions, which are reliability, tangibility, assurance, responsiveness, and empathy. Kahnali and Esmaeili (2015)
Hseyinolu, Sorkun and Brhan (2018)
Dynamic Capability Theory In order to adapt to and shape rapidly shifting business environments, a company must be able to integrate, develop, and restructure external as well asinternal resources and competencies, which is characterised by the dynamic capability theory. Hussein, Hassan and Hamid (2015)
Soh, Chin and Wong (2015)
Operational Logistics Service Quality (OLSQ) It refers to an organisation's operational delivery operations, which include the service's physical characteristics and users' opinions of its dependability.
OLSQ is a more appropriate metric or indicator of LSQ Idris and Yaakob (2019)
Hussein, Hassan and Hamid (2015)
Zhang, Shi and Qiu (2020)
SERVQUAL SERVQUAL model is used to assess how customers perceived service quality premised on 5 key elements - reliability, assurance, responsiveness,tangibles and empathy.
SERVQUAL is a significant model for determining how customers perceive the quality of services as well as the existing gaps in service quality. Kahnali and Esmaeili (2015)
Idris and Yaakob (2019)
Le, Nguyen & Truong (2020)
3.4 Theories and Theoretical Models in Previous ResearchIn this section, different theories and theoretical models, such as SERVQUAL, Dynamic Capability Theory, service quality theory, and Operational Logistics Service Quality (OLSQ), are assessed to understand customer satisfaction in terms of logistics service quality (LSQ).
The most important theoretical model in the domain of LSQ and its impact on customer satisfaction is the SERVQUAL model. Most of the research studies (18 of the 25 selected research articles) are based on the SERVQUAL model to explore service quality and customer satisfaction levels in particular business sectors. SERVQUAL model is used to assess how customers perceived service quality premised on 5 key elements - reliability, assurance, responsiveness,tangibles and empathy (Kahnali & Esmaeili, 2015). Most of the existing research studies in the field of service quality are founded on the SERVQUAL model, which identifies the gaps in service quality and can impact the customers and overall customer satisfaction (Limbourg, Giang and Cools, 2016). However, the different service quality dimensions, such as tangibility, reliability, assurance, responsiveness and online logistics service quality, are not explored by using the SERVQUAL model (Idris & Yaakob, 2019).
According to the theory of service quality, customers would perceive a poor level of quality if the performance fell below what they were expecting. The theory of service quality implies that the evaluation of client satisfaction is based on the overall high calibre of services. As a result, quality rises when performance goes above and beyond expectations. The five service quality is premised on five key dimensions, which are reliability, tangibility, assurance, responsiveness, and empathy. As suggested by Kahnali and Esmaeili (2015), service quality corresponds toanassessment of how closely the level of service provided fits the client's demands and expectations. Overall, this model can be regarded as a modified version of the SERVQUAL model.
The dynamic capacity theory describes how a corporation must be able to integrate, develop, and reorganise external besides internal resources and capabilities to adapt to and influence quickly evolving business environments (Hussein, Hassan & Hamid, 2015). According to Idris and Yaakob (2019), if a firm is able to develop and execute dynamic capabilities, the firm will be able to improve its service quality levels which will eventually impact customer satisfaction.
In order to assess the LSQ in a more precise and objective manner, some authors have used categorised LSQ into Relational Logistics Service Quality (RLSQ) as well as Operational Logistics Service Quality (OLSQ). The OLSQ has emerged as a more appropriate metric or indicator of LSQ (Zhang, Shi, & Qiu, 2020). According to Hussein, Hassan and Hamid (2015), OLSQ refers to an organisation's operational delivery operations, which include the service's physical characteristics and users' opinions of its dependability. For instance, the capacity to reliably and precisely provide the needed service. Customer loyalty is significantly impacted by OLSQ, and hence it is an important factor in assessing customer satisfaction in the domain of logistics.
3.5 Summary of Findings from Previous LiteratureDifferent researchers have used the concept of LSQ in order to demonstrate the ability of firms to address the needs and expectations of their clients. The authors have used mainly the SERVQUAL model to understand the dimensions of LSQ which are impacting the level of customer satisfaction. Besides the SERVQUAL model, researchers have also used the concepts and theories of service quality, OLSQ and dynamic capacity to assess the impact of LSQ on customer satisfaction. Based on the different research studies, it can be argued that previous studies have not emphasised a single factor for customer satisfaction; rather, they have attempted to identify the key elements influencing customer perceptions as well assatisfaction, such as loyalty and corporate image.
3.6 Findings from the Previous Literature and Recurring Themes
The predominant theme in the previous literature in the field of LSQ and customer satisfaction is the concept of service quality. The different dimensions of service quality have been assessed and presented in different studies to gauge LSQ and customer satisfaction levels. The existing literature demonstrates the use of the service quality concept as well as models like SERVQUAL to understand customer satisfaction and LSQ in different business sectors such as the e-commerce sector, retail, dairy or banking industry. Consequently, it can be inferred that three recurring themes in the previous literature are LSQ and customer satisfaction in the logistics sector, factors for customer satisfaction in terms of LSQ and measuring LSQ and customer satisfaction.
3.6.1 Summary of findingsThe study found that there are three main themes in terms of the given research topic. These three themes are LSQ and customer satisfaction in the logistics sector, factors for customer satisfaction in terms of LSQ and measuring LSQ and customer satisfaction. The themes are further segregated into subthemes to present the findings in a succinct manner.
The Theme 1: LSQ and customer satisfaction in logistics services is divided into three subthemes - Subtheme 1: Concept of Logistics Service Quality, Subtheme 2: Customer satisfaction in the logistics sector and Subtheme 3: Relationship between LSQ and Customer Satisfaction. The Theme 2: Factors for customer satisfaction in LSQ is divided into two subthemes - Subtheme 1: service quality and customer loyalty and Subtheme 2: Organizational factors. The Theme 3: Measuring LSQ and customer satisfaction has one subtheme regarding SERVQUAL model
3.6.2 Findings/Theme 1: LSQ and customer satisfaction in logistics services3.6.2.1 Subtheme 1: Concept of Logistics Service Quality
The importance of LSQin influencing customer satisfaction and also the status of logistics companies in a highly competitive environment is generally acknowledged. Regardless of the growing volumeof research articles, the LSQ idea is still not fully understood (Garside, 2015). The idea of the LSQ as well as its quality qualities, along with how to evaluate and gauge the level of service quality, have been the investigators' primary attention (Masudin et al., 2020). But, over time, academics have come up with a variety of ideas about the concept oflogistics service quality and itscharacteristics. According to Hseyinolu, Sorkun and Brhan (2018), LSQ is a tool for gauging the value that the service provider creates from the perspectives of the client. LSQ is logistics' capacity to provide high-quality service and increase satisfaction (Masudin et al., 2020).
However, research results may highlight variances in supply field, service or regionalcompetence as logistics services have traditionally been a loop of several services. For example, Zailani et al. (2018) created a unique service quality model while focusing on LSQ while taking into account halal logistics. Six entirely new dimensionsresources, process,output, reputation,management as well associal responsibilityhave been used by Limbourg, Giang and Cools (2016) as part of a service quality methodology for logisticsoperations.
3.6.2.2 Subtheme 2: Customer satisfaction in the logistics sector
Among the most crucial corporate success indicators is customer satisfaction. As suggested by Src and zispa (2017), customer satisfaction pertains to the measure of a customer's perception of the likelihood that a service will leave them feeling good. Customer satisfaction corresponds to the outcome of the buying process, which has a significant impact on future consumer behaviour, including loyalty and repeats sales or repurchases (Vasi et al., 2021). The consumer's positive emotive reaction to an assessment of perceived discrepancies between the real experience with a givenservice/companyand pastexpectations of it is known as customer satisfaction (Richu et al., 2022). According toShaban and Salih (2020), wheneverthe most critical service quality qualities are met or exceeded, customers are more likely to be satisfied.
Customer satisfaction is critical for logistics organisations striving for a competitive edge since they understand that if they fail to meet their customers' requirements, their position will be usurped by other firms whose operations will be more focused on customer requirements (Src & zispa, 2017). The more the capacity of logistics service providers to satisfy the client's expectations, the greater the degree of satisfaction experienced by the customers (Zailani et al., 2018). However, there are different factors which impact the service quality of logistics as well as customer satisfaction.
3.6.2.3 Subtheme 3: Relationship between LSQ and Customer Satisfaction
The importance of LSQin influencing customer satisfaction and also the status of logistics companies in a highly competitive environment is generally acknowledged. However, it is found that LSQ is directly related to customer satisfaction which in turn impacts customer loyalty and trust. As supported by Wetzel and Hofmann (2020), customer satisfaction, as well as loyalty, are impacted by the quality of the logistical services of the LSQ. Customer loyalty will considerably rise as customer satisfaction attains a specificlevel. Moreover, Darmawan (2018) found that excellent service quality and a strong business image are essential for maintaining increased customer loyalty. The necessity of ensuring service quality for banks is demonstrated by the study's established test results demonstrating the favourable and substantial correlations between service quality as well ascustomer satisfaction and loyalty. Likewise, Darmawan (2018) analysed the impacts of service quality, corporate reputation and customer satisfaction on consumer loyalty. The authors demonstrated that customer satisfaction, loyalty, as well as company's reputation of the banks are all positively impacted by service quality. Client loyalty to the involved banks is positively impacted by both customer satisfaction and business image. Hence, it can be argued that service quality positively impacts customer satisfaction and loyalty.
3.6.3 Findings/ Theme 2: Factors for customer satisfaction in LSQIn terms of the existingliterature on servicequality, the concept ofservice quality has been described as a multidimensional entity including functional, technical as well as corporateimage aspects (Kolodizieva et al., 2022). On the other hand, as LSQ comprises several dimensions, clients may not view all service features as equally important. Hence, it is crucial to understand the different factors of service quality which affect LSQ and, eventually, customer satisfaction.
3.6.3.1 Subtheme 1: service quality and customer loyalty
Lin et al. (2016) foundthat e-commerce consumer satisfaction is affected by several experimental parameters of logistics service. In this regard, the author demonstrated that demand-side factors are crucial in assessing the service quality of logistic services, which eventually impacts customer satisfaction. This is supported by the findings of Src & zispa (2017), who found that service quality of logistic services impacts the perceived service quality by the customers, which eventually affects brand trust. However, they found that service quality does not lead to brand loyalty. Masudin et al. (2020) demonstrated that service quality does have a huge influence on customer satisfaction, which in turn has a substantial influence on customer loyalty. Customer satisfaction, trust as well asloyaltyare discovered to be crucial factors in the area of logistics service quality. On the other hand, Soh, Chin & Wong (2015) argued that customer satisfaction works as a bridge between the quality of logistics and the level of brandloyalty. Moreover, switching costs exertmoderating effects on consumer satisfaction and brandloyalty, supporting the findings of the cognitive-affective-conative paradigm. The observations of Idris and Yaakob (2019) revealed the presence of a strong and positive association between customer loyalty and LSQ in various sectors and firms that provide logistical services.
3.6.3.2 Subtheme 2: Organizational factors
Organisational flexibility (such as technical and operational) plays a critical role in developing service quality as well as customer satisfaction. As argued by Yu, Cadeaux and Song (2017), organisational flexibility leads to efficient services and quality and, eventually, customer satisfaction. Masudin et al. (2020) found that customer loyalty is also affected by technical service quality, particularly in the field of humanitarian logistic services. Phaxaisithidet and Banchuen (2020) emphasised that logistical flexibility has both immediate and indirect implications on competitive advantage, and indeed the LSQ serves as a mediating component for the concerned relationship for manufacturing businesses. Moreover, Shaban and Salih (2020) found that customers regard service quality as a critical factor in their purchasing decisions, in which marketing flexibility plays a crucial role. With such findings, it can be argued that marketing can impact perceived service quality among customers, which shapes their buying decisions.
On the other hand, in the logistics industry, prompt action and timely resolution are critical to providing excellent customer service (Soh, Chin & Wong, 2015). Speed is vital not just for speedy and efficient delivery of products. It is also important in communication. The speed with which customer queries are replied helps contributes to the development of trust and the provision of a positive experience for customers (Ali et al., 2021). This is supported by Lai et al. (2022), who surveyed customers of parcel locker services in order to gain solid and accurate insights into their impressions of the service quality dimensions on their satisfaction levels. The findings suggest the importance of service timeliness as the most powerful factor influencing customer satisfaction, preceded by service reliability and security.
3.6.4 Findings/ Theme 3: Measuring LSQ and customer satisfactionThe study by Kahnali and Esmaeili (2015) examined the theories and techniques for evaluating service quality in addition toits connections to user satisfaction as well as purchasingintentions, coming to the conclusion that customerperceptions are a more accurate indicator of service quality. This is how service quality is assessed. For the last decade, SERVQUAL has been used to evaluate the calibre of logistics services in a number of locations (Awasthi, Sayyadi, & Khabbazian, 2018). It is possible that consumers of various logistics services would have varying needs and expectations.
3.6.4.1 Subtheme 1: SERVQUAL model
As suggested by Parasuraman et al. (1985), firms may attain the quality of service if they can narrow the gap between consumer expectations and their perceptions of services (Le, Nguyen & Truong, 2020). Owing to this, the examination of service quality gaps forms the foundation of the SERVQUAL model (figure 1). Five aspects of the SERVQUAL model are frequently used to assess how customers perceive service quality (reliability, assurance, responsiveness,tangibles and empathy) (figure 2). The SERVQUAL model is regarded as a practical and understandable way to assess service quality premisedon performance outcomes (Kahnali and Esmaeili, 2015).
Figure 1: SERVQUAL Model
(Source: Le, Nguyen & Truong, 2020)
Figure 2: Dimensions in SERVQUAL Model
(Source: Le, Nguyen & Truong, 2020)
Different authors, such as Wetzel and Hofmann (2020), also demonstrated the gaps in LSQ by using the SERVQUAL model. The authors have discovered three gaps: the information asymmetry gap, the innovation gap, and the loyalty and corporate brand reputation gap. The outcomes have also been successful in bridging any gaps in the LSPs' present levels of service quality. Although there are specific models for measuring service quality in logistics operations, the majority of the researchers utilised the traditional SERVQUAL paradigm for quantitative studies (Gulc, 2017). However, this method also sheds light on the ineffectiveness of the LSQ measuring methodology as a whole.
On the other hand, according to Limbourg, Giang and Cools (2016), the SERVQUAL model scale developed by Parasuraman et al. is likely to be mistakenly employed to measure service quality since it is simple to perplex usersatisfaction with userattitudes. Also, according to Lai et al. (2022), service quality may be described as a perceptual attitude rather than performing as planned. This will help to better gauge the service quality founded on how well organisations perform. This implies that the quality of the service is only evaluated based on user perceptions, not consumer expectations; thus, the degree of perceptions is considered satisfactory. However, the authors used the SERVQUAL model to assess the role of LSQ on customer satisfaction.
3.7 Methodological Approaches used in Previous Studies3.7.1 Research methodsAs per the review of the existing literature, it is found that mostly qualitative research approaches have been used to create study findings in most of the studies reviewed in this research work. However, a significant number of studies (15 out of the 25 selected articles) have used empirical evidence and quantitative methods to accomplish the research aim, such as Phaxaisithidet and Banchuen (2020).
Moreover, authors in this research field have used different research methods, such as case studies and integrated and systematic literature reviews. For example, the study by Wetzel and Hofmann (2020) strongly emphasised a qualitative case study method, and ideas were developed and evaluated utilising data gathered from various experts in the logistics servicessector. Likewise, two research studies are based on thorough literature analysis to create the theoretical foundation. These two research articles by Zhang, Shi and Qiu (2020) and Zailani et al. (2018). However, a thorough examination of the literature has revealed that the SERVQUAL quality measurement technique is still widely used; nevertheless, many writers have contributed substantially to LSQ and the development of a logistics-specific quality measurement framework.
3.7.2 Sampling methodsMost studies (5 research articles Src and zispa (2017), Vasi et al. (2021), Shaban and Salih (2020), Darmawan (2018) and Subramanian et al. (2014)) have used random sampling in a specific population study frame (such as the e-commerce industry) to collect the required primary data. The other research articles have used non-random sampling such as Kahnali and Esmaeili (2015) and Hussein, Hassan and Hamid (2015). On the other hand, Darmawan (2018) obtained primary data from 250 respondents who were retail customers of the five largest banks in Indonesia with the help of random sampling. Likewise, Subramanian et al. (2014) used a random sampling method to gather survey questionnaire responses from 162 participants. Overall, it can be argued that this type of sampling method provides an accurate overview of the study population.
3.7.3 Data Collection ApproachesSince the subject is widely debated and there is no agreement on either the concept or the quality dimensions, the interview and survey approach is better suited for research on LSQ aspects. Hence, most of the studies (7 out of 25 studies such as Kahnali and Esmaeili (2015), Hussein, Hassan and Hamid (2015), Src and zispa (2017), Vasi et al. (2021), Shaban and Salih (2020), Darmawan (2018), Subramanian et al. (2014)) have used interview and survey methods to collect the required data. A study's ability to accurately capture consumers' impressions of the service quality factors that are important most to them has been made possible by the use of primary data gathered from customers.
It is seen in the existing studies that the systematic literature research results were considered while creating the interview questions. Furthermore, each quality factor found in the systematic literature study may be included in the design of the interview questions. However, authors have ensured that respondents are freer to move about the topic throughout the interview process, and follow-up questions helped to improve the created LSQ factors as well as sub-factors. For instance, in the investigation of Vasi et al. (2021), everyone who participated emphasised the significance of their customers' value and how it relates to quality perception. They also emphasised how the quality dimension is actually a consumer preoccupation. LSQ variables were also reviewed and adjusted due to the interviews' outcomes. Likewise, in accordance with the existing literature, scale items for the survey questionnaire for measuring the LSQ components were maintained in the reviewed studies. Overall, using the data gathered by means of surveys and interviews, insights have been developed using an appropriate data analysis method, such as a pattern-matching approach.
3.7.4 Data Analysis ApproachesIn most studies (6 research studies - Hseyinolu, Sorkun and Brhan (2018), Kolodizieva et al. (2022), Yu, Cadeaux and Song (2017), Subramanian et al. (2014), Zhang, Shi and & Qiu (2020) and Zailani et al.(2018)), data analysis methods such as structural equation modelling, statistical analysis and pattern-matching approach have been used to derive conclusions. For example, considering the nature of the investigation, Phaxaisithidet and Banchuen (2020) have used the structural equation modelling method to understand the impact of logistical flexibility on customer satisfaction. Overall, effective quantitative data analysis methods have been employed by most studies to evaluate the relationship between the study variables.
3.8 Research Gaps in Previous LiteratureIt has been discovered that LSQ knowledge and implementations have been developing in response to LSPs' commercial objectives. There have been a variety of methods from various writers as the quality attributes in logistics have developed. In the existingliterature, the LSQ aspects have been emphasised differently throughout various sample periods, and this clearly demonstrates how the emphasis on quality has changed over time. However, only a few research studies have used a holistic approach to examine the LSQ's defined dimensions and features as well as the overall framework. The researchers (such as Subramanian et al. (2014) and Phaxaisithidet and Banchuen (2020)) have not yet addressed several other elements influencing client satisfaction and loyalty.
Although a number of scholars has discussed this topic, the results and recommendations are completely dissimilar, especially in terms of the dimensions and characteristics of LSQ. Most of the studies do not specifically name any logistics service providers; rather, it focuses on customer happiness and loyalty for the logistics sector as a whole. In fact, the generalizability of most of the studies is limited because only customers of one organisationwere used for data collection. Nonetheless, the majority of the study's respondents buy products from many LSPs. Furthermore, it emerges that not much research has been conducted on how the quality of logistics services is defined and credited. Also, the literature analysis reveals that definitions and measuring techniques are more or less tailored to the logistic specificity of the research output taking service quality into account.
4. Chapter 4 Discussion:4.1 Chapter OverviewThis section aims to discuss the result of this research study by analysing the collected data through ILR. The chapter will discuss the theoretical, practical as well as methodological contributions of this research work. The practical contributions of this study are discussed in key themes of - building customer satisfaction and loyalty, understanding LSQ factors, measuring LSQ and Strategic planning and development. In terms of methodological contributions, this research work discusses the ILR approach in developing new insights about the research topic. On the other hand, due to the fact that managers at logistics service businesses may utilise the LSQ questions in this investigation to determine the quality of their services, the study has both academic value and practical value for practitioners. In addition to the contributions, this chapter will also provide a discussion about the limitations of this study as well as the strategies used by the scholar to address these limitations. Finally, this section provides the area of future research in the context of LSQ and how it can contribute to the existing literature.
4.2 Contribution of this Research
Providing an in-depth analysis of the existing literature on customer satisfaction in the context of LSQ, which will serve as the foundation for prospective in-depth investigations into the effect of LSQ and service pricing on customer satisfaction as well as loyalty in a logistic setting, is the primary theoretical contribution of this research work. But, the research also has significant practical value. The outcome will identify the variables that have an influence on customer satisfaction and rank them according to significance. In order to discover an efficient solution and enhance its logistics service, the company will benefit from understanding which elements have the most influence on customer satisfaction. The results of this analysis particularly indicate a number of characteristics that are useful for setting key performance indicators and accurately assessing performance with regard to its management consequences. Hence, thecontributions of this thesis are the primary focus of this section. Three subsections of this segment discuss contributions to theory, practice and methodology.
4.2.1 Theoretical contributionThis research expands our knowledge of the issue of how LSQ might be used for initiatives and actions aimed at enhancing customer satisfaction. LSQ has emerged as a critical factor in recent times for customer satisfaction; however, studies like this one are required to understand this complex and multifaceted concept.
One of the most important factors in almost any sector is service quality. Yet, quality of service is priceless for logistical businesses. Customer expectations for quality as well as the performance of service prior to their service experience, plus their impressions of the service outcome received, are used to define service quality. Owing to this, the concept of LSQ corresponds to a tool for gauging the value that the firm creates in the eyes of the client. This research supported the notion that LSQ is required to understand the customer expectations of the service as compared to the actual performance required to fulfil the expectations. The implementation of the service quality concept utilised in the industry of logistics is known as LSQ (Hseyinolu, Sorkun, & Brhan, 2018). By developing an effective solutionthat views services as an identifiable physical item with properties that can be assessed, particularly valuing the service quality to clients subjectively, LSQ seeks to examine each operational level required to supply service and streamline the process (Awasthi, Sayyadi & Khabbazian, 2018). Also, LSQ impliesa method to gauge how customers feel about the logistical services offered to show how well the business can fulfil customer service costs. The client perceives a better degree of satisfaction with logistics service providers or firmswhen such organisations are better able to satisfy their requirements. This is consistent with the findings of a study by Subramanian et al. (2014), who found that LSQ and client satisfaction are significantly correlated. Zhang, Shi & Qiu (2020), who found a strong impact on the link between service quality, logistics,and crucial consumer action, make the same claim.
Another key contribution of this study is the relationship between LSQ and customer satisfaction. As supported by Wetzel and Hofmann (2020), customer satisfaction, as well as loyalty, are impacted by the quality of the logistical services of the LSQ. Lin et al. (2016) found that e-commerce consumer satisfaction is affected by demand-side factors, which are crucial in assessing the service quality of logistic services and which eventually impact customer satisfaction. In regards to its effect on customer loyalty and satisfaction, the effect of LSQ on clients' evaluations of performance is also investigated Limbourg, Giang & Cool (2016). Likewise, the observations of Idris and Yaakob (2019) revealed the presence of a strong and positive association between customer loyalty and LSQ in various sectors and firms that provide logistical services.
The findings of this study imply that customer satisfaction may operate as a moderatorbetween the impact of LSQand customer loyalty to the business. Soh, Chin & Wong (2015) argued that customer satisfaction works as a bridge between the quality of logistics and the level of brandloyalty. This indicates that the quality of logistical services is improving, which will boost client satisfaction at the business and, in turn, boost client retention. The findings are consistent with the evidence given by Vasi et al. (2021), which asserts that customer satisfaction is the mediating factor between recurring sales as well ashigh-quality logistics services. Moreover, the research articles used in this study indicate a good correlation between the performance of a company and its service quality of logistics (such as Hussein, Hassan & Hamid, 2015). Hence, this study broadens our understanding of the interrelationship between logistics services, customer satisfaction and the overall performance of a company.
In this study, a thorough discussion of customer satisfaction perspectives has been conducted to provide critical insight into the calibre of services and the experiences of clients. Customer satisfaction implies the analysis of how consumers feel about the services offered by the business (Garside, 2015). Numerous research studies have speculated on the service-related element that has a highly regarded impact on customers' decision-making metrics, and they have mentioned a number of variables that impact client satisfaction in the modern era (Vasi et al., 2021). Such factors encompass quality of service, customer value as well assatisfaction(Limbourg, Giang & Cools, 2016). For example, according to research, the key factor in logistics services that results in loyal andsatisfied customers is the timeliness factor of LSQ. Delivery on time is a key component of service for any consumer segment. Yet, LSQ and customer satisfaction have been linked in an unreliable way, according to a number of academics, so businesses shouldn't rely only on that association to determine customer satisfaction (Hussein, Hassan & Hamid, 2015).
Discovering consumer satisfaction constitutes one of the most important factors that businesses must take into account. As customers generate demand and earnings, they are the ultimate objective of every organisation. Businesses must determine what clients anticipate from them if they want to keep them as clients. Important corporate choices are made with the retention of current clients and the acquisition of new ones in mind. The challenge then becomes determining what would satisfy the buyer. In this regard, this study establishes that customer satisfaction is attainable with high service quality and effective LSQ. According to different studies, client satisfaction underpins the majority of consumers' purchase decisions (Soh, Chin & Wong, 2015). Diverse studies carried out in the initial study on marketing concepts and services revealed that it is important to keep good LSQ in order to establish and sustain a long-term connection with the client. In the beginning, LSQ improves customer interactions, which is regarded as the primary factor in achieving customer satisfaction (Hussein, Hassan & Hamid, 2015). Moreover, this study asserts that by affecting satisfaction, boosting market share along with customer loyalty, and improving service performance, logistics services may be utilised to strengthen user andsupplier relationships. It can be argued that LSQ has implications on customer satisfaction and, eventually, on the overall business earnings and performance.
Customer satisfaction entails akey element in any company strategy that aims to product repurchases as well as retain customer retention. Buyer retention corresponds to the ability to purchase goods again over an extended period of timeit is also directly impacted by buyer satisfaction. This falls in line with the findings of a study by Le, Nguyen and Truong (2020), who discovered a strong correlation between customer satisfaction as well as theirretention levels. Also, customer retention and satisfaction increase a firm's revenue as well as profitability (Soh, Chin & Wong, 2015). When consumers are satisfied, they frequently repurchase and are ready to do so. They not only made greater purchases but also told other potential customers about their satisfaction. Companies that effectively satisfy customers preserve their standing as industry leaders. In this context, this study examined that various research studies have validated the fact that customer satisfaction and retention lead to repeated purchases and hence, improve business revenue and growth. However, these customer goals cannot be accomplished with superior LSQ. Overall, this study contributed to the knowledge that LSQ is fundamental to building customer satisfaction and retention, which leads to repeat purchases and business performance.
On the other hand, even if providing logistics services requires cutting costs while raising overall service quality, understanding logistics from the user perspective may strengthen products and act as a tool for competitiveness (Subramanian et al., 2014). Evaluating the expectations and needs of customers allows businesses to concentrate on service components that are most likely to exert an impact on customers' following activities and behaviours. By using the various LSQframeworks, customer satisfaction may be better understood and increased. This study also adds to the body of research on service quality in the disciplines of SCM and logistics by understanding consumer service traits related to logistics and, more precisely, how LSQ affects customer satisfaction. Also, this study can aid both academics as well as practitioners in understanding the key components of raising customer satisfaction. Each company may utilise the findings to increase its competitiveness in the domain oflogistic services. This is in accordance with the findings of Kahnali and Esmaeili (2015) that enhancing LSQ will benefit sustainable and efficientlogistics insupply networkswhen combined with improvements in other logistics performance domains, as the distinction in service quality would provide businesses with a unique competitive edge over time.
4.2.2 Practical contribution
This study provides meaningful insights about an externally focused dimension called LSQ has the propensity to learn customer requirements through relationships. It is described as how customers view their firm's interactions with them, which strengthen their bonds with the company and enable them to better understand one another's expectations and collaborate on logistics projects that will enable them to deliver high-quality services at a reasonable cost (Masudin et al., 2020). LSQ is logistics' capacity to provide high-quality service and increase satisfaction. On the other hand, wheneverthe most critical service quality qualities are met or exceeded, customers are more likely to be satisfied (Masudin et al., 2020). Moreover, it is found that LSQ is directly related to customer satisfaction which in turn impacts customer loyalty and trust. Additionally, it is a promise to the user that the firm will improve its ability to provide high-quality services to them, which will eventually inspire confidence and trust as well as responsiveness. Moreover, this study found that it is worthwhile to build relationships with clientele as, after gathering market insights, the firm is more capable of handling operations in a cost-effective manner after it has knowledge of the customer's preferences and expectations. Nonetheless, the logistics sector has developed basic values that guarantee the provision of the appropriate goods or services in the right amount, at the correct time, and to the right consumer, ultimately leading to customer satisfaction.
Building customer satisfaction and loyalty
It can be drawn from this studythat the quality of service is crucial in fostering customer contentment and loyalty since it will boost retainingcustomers and forgingamicable relationships between B2B clients, both of which will improve customer loyalty and satisfaction. Increasing quality might be crucial for forging fruitful long-term relationships with customers. Also, it needs to be mentioned that LSQwhich includes both operational as well asaspects, should not bedisregarded by firms orlogistics service providers. Moreover, according to the findings of this study, to earn the satisfaction andloyaltyof their clientele, logistics companies and supply chain managers must exert tremendous effort in maximising their service skills and operations to build a lasting connection with them.
On the other hand, understanding what buyers want enables firms to create cutting-edge services that would provide customers with added value and enhance the allure of their offers. While choosing logistics solutions, executives need to understand that typical logistics activities may not be appropriate in all situations. Some customers could demand or need a specific level of service that is crucial for client retention, while others might not.Consequently,resources and costsshould be adjusted in accordance with the buyer's needs in order to reflect the value of the consumer and their expectations for the logistical service offered by the provider. Moreover, if the customer connection can be easily understood, managers as well as service providerswill be more prepared and able to decide what grade of logistical services to give to different client segments. Resources are scarce, thus corporations should only invest in the most profitable ventures. This is in line with the findings of Hseyinolu, Sorkun and Brhan (2018), which argue that firms should be able to understand the specific customer segments as per the segmentation and aim to develop solutions which can address these needs of specific customer segments. Based on these arguments, it can be asserted that recognising specific customer needs and expectations (based on the attributes of their segments) can help managers to develop strategies for attaining these objectives.
Moreover, the results of this study should help managers develop a strategy for managing a variety of client interactions. Managers of SCM and logistics would be capable ofdecidinghow to improve customer interactions and satisfaction levels. Also, by taking user input into consideration, businesses may simply improve the quality of their goods and forge enduring relationships with their clients. The main commercial impact of this research study is that providers of logistics services will be better able to focus on what will improve their LSQ.
Any company trying to attainan edge over its competitors should also prioritise the preferences and needs of its consumers. One of the contributions of this paper is the demonstration that consumers' perceptions of customer satisfaction are positively impacted by knowing their demands. Nevertheless, logistics companies are unable to forge any form of long-term engagement without understanding the fundamental elements that underlie the behavioural goals of their clients. This study's practical applications will help businesses and managers better comprehend these issues and develop effective strategies which will lead to better business outcomes. In a nutshell, this study presents practical contributions that will assist in guiding judgements concerning customer satisfaction issues in the logistical approach of firms.
Understanding LSQ factors
This study examines the different factors which impact LSQ and eventually influence customer satisfaction and thus help the managers to render effective decision-making in this regard. The study found that organisational factors (such as Organisational flexibility) affect LSQ and customer satisfaction and thus can be manipulated by firms and managers to attain optimal results in this domain. The development of organisational flexibility (such as technological and operational flexibility) is essential for improving service quality and customer satisfaction. This is supportedby the findings of Yu, Cadeaux, and Song (2017), which state that organisational flexibility produces effective services and high quality, which in turn results in consumer happiness. Masudin et al. (2020) discovered that technical service quality, notably in the area of humanitarian logistic services, has an impact on customer loyalty. According to Phaxaisithidet and Banchuen (2020), logistical flexibility does indeed have immediate and long-term impacts on competitive advantage, and for manufacturing organisations, the LSQ really acts as a mediating element in the relevant connection.
Measuring LSQ
If a company is unable to measure its service quality or LSQ, it will not be able to assess what is lacking and what should be done more to enhance business prospects. Moreover, in order to bring in changes for improvement, a firm should be able to measure LSQ and how it is impacting customer satisfaction.
On the other hand, it is possible that consumers of various logistics services would have varying needs and expectations. Thus, firms must have adequate methods and techniques to measure LSQ and how it impacts their customer satisfaction. For example, this study found that SERVQUAL has been used to evaluate the calibre of logistics services in a number of locations (Awasthi, Sayyadi, & Khabbazian, 2018). Moreover, by measuring LSQ, managers can assess the specific service element which is impacting service quality and overall customer satisfaction, such as responsiveness or service reliability. The results of this aspect indicate whether or not thepresent customer service is satisfactory. As a result, logistics companies must provide the development strategies and solutions necessary to quickly handle any issues in a manner that satisfies theclientele. With these crucial components, onemay anticipate outcomes that reflect the values of theclients and determine how to effectively support them, or as a client, theyshould be able toanticipate what theywill receive. In order to get greater results, these aspects should receive more focus by effectively measuring LSQ. Overall, the managers in logistics firmscan comprehend the advantages and disadvantages of their logistics operations by recognising and measuringthese factors.
Customer expectations for service delivery act as a benchmark against which businessperformance is measured. For the purpose of evaluating service quality, Wetzel and Hofmann (2020) suggest using the SERVQUAL model offered by Parasuraman et al. This study also supports that the five variables of service quality, which are represented by the SERVQUAL model, encompassing dependability, responsiveness, empathy,safety andtangibility, are crucial in assessing service quality as well as customer satisfaction. In this context, to create a lasting relationship and satisfy the buyer, businesses must close the gap between their expectations and their perceptions (Le, Nguyen & Truong, 2020). This study examined the theories and techniques such as SERVQUAL for measuring and evaluating service quality/LSQ in addition toits connections to user satisfaction as well as purchasingintentions while addressing the gaps. This provides a significant contributor in measuring LSQ by firms and managers. Furthermore, a set of standards can be measured with the help of LSQ models, which can aid a business in assessing its logistical operations, comprising dependability effectiveness, information quality, cost-effectiveness, and performance effectiveness (Le, Nguyen & Truong, 2020).
On the other hand, the discrepancy between the anticipated and true service quality is used to evaluate each component. Kahnali and Esmaeili (2015) offered a change to the SERVQUAL framework, replacing the discrepancy between perception as well as expectation with the outcome of the measurement, which resulted in the development of the SERVPERF model. The multifaceted examination of LSQ by prior academics led to the suggestion of other LSQ-level measuring criteria, such as timeliness. However, this study found that, throughout time, several researchers have adopted and used the SERVQUAL framework in terms of measuring service quality. This study also found that the SERVQUAL model helps in analysing internal company components, which can be in charge of setting service levels at multiple levels while monitoring their deployments. Hence, it can be argued that the service model, such as the SERVQUAL model, holds a crucial place in identifying as well as addressing the service quality and, eventually, customer satisfaction.
Strategic planning and development
To be successful in business today, the production of high-quality items alone is not sufficient; logistics play a significant role and are a crucial source of an organisation's competitiveness (Vasi et al., 2021). In fact, in the current global business landscape, logistics services have emerged as strategic resources, and the majority of businesses are attempting to identify logistics services as differentiators. Increasing profitability and market shareare directly tied to logistics services, thus they should be considered marketing initiatives (Gulc, 2017). In this sense, offering good logistics service necessitates an awareness of the variations in service demand from clients, and company strategy should take this into account. This study found that logistics providers should put an increased emphasis on delivery fulfilment as well as a competent ordering procedure for clients with whom they have long-standing, trusting connections. Logistics service staff should be capable ofcontacting theclients frequently to improve human friendliness in the connection, especially given the features of B2Brelationships, which tend to be extended relationships. Moreover, logistics firms should put more of an emphasis on people consistency and service quality for short-term clients with whom they do not have long-term ties in order to enhance repurchasing intention. Customer service representatives, in particular, need regular training to expand their expertise and keep it current. This study provides practical contributions to how companies need to recognise how important LSQManagement is to their success and progress.
4.2.3 Methodological contributionThe combination and application of theories from service quality, LSQ, and customer satisfaction to examine the acceptance and usage of LSQ efforts for the promotion of satisfaction and loyalty in consumers have been the research's primary methodological contribution. Moreover, the knowledge acquired from using the ILR technique for data collection is another methodological contribution of this study. ILR method enables an author to examine different research articles and methodologies to address a complex topic like this one. In this regard, this study has effectively used different research perspectives to address the given research problem.
The study has provided its own methodological designs that can be used as models for future work. Further investigations on the integration of service quality dimensions in enterprises in the setting of the logistics sector may find value in this study. Throughout the past few decades, research on LSQ andcustomer satisfactionand the value of it to business success has grown. Hence, more investigations can be performed to bring in meaningful insights.
The suitability of applying theoretical ideas and theories created in various situations is the last methodological contribution. Due to the variations in social and cultural contexts, certain research models and theories created in other sectors may not be applicable to research conducted within the framework of another business sector. The effective implementation of these theories in this research helps to provide instances of how to interpret LSQ in terms of customer satisfaction. Overall, by a thorough analysis of past research and measurement methodologies, this study offers investigators and logistics professionals a foundation for the concept of service quality in terms of the logistics sector.
4.3 LimitationsThe key limitation of this research work is the use of only an integrated literature review (ILR). Also, this study is completely based on ILR and not on primary empirical evidence. Even though ILR enables an author to investigate and define complex concepts while assessing methodological approaches, ILR has limitations as certain sections of methodology are not clearly defined (Hopia, Latvala & Liimatainen, 2016). Also, it may create issues in replicating the result by using the same methodological approaches as ILR combines and merges different methodologies, which can result in inaccuracy, lack of rigour and prejudice in the findings (Perignat & Katz-Buonincontro, 2019).
Inadequate sampling poses the foremost validity issue during the data-gathering phase. The researcher takes into account how the gathered research can differ from all other studies. Actually, it is challenging for the investigator to gather all relevant research for analysis. The researcher should note which research articles were excluded, explain the rationale behind their exclusion and then comment about how they may have produced different findings from those chosen. The issue of inadequate sampling is reflected in using fewer research articles for the review as well as the inclusion or exclusion of research articles. This study has selected only 25 research articles to perform the research work, which may be a limiting factor. On the other hand, this study has not used any specific business type or industry to assess the relationship between LSQ and customer satisfaction. For example, the study is not specific as it has included different industries such as retail, e-commerce, banking, food etc.
The disparity between the target population as well as the research studies that have been gathered poses another main challenge to validity. The researcher must identify any potential differences between the sample population and the study elements for addressing this validity risk. Vicente-Saez & Martinez-Fuentes (2018) point out that thorough ILRs include publications that were undertaken at various periods and locations, with various samples of various backgrounds while employing various methodologies. This strategy improves generalizability since the target group is frequently more accurately depicted in the research articles that are being read. However, in order to address this study's limitation, the scholar in this study have implemented a thorough data-collecting approach. Also, the scholar has clearly defined the collecteddata gathering details, like years,sourcesand keywords, which helped in the selection of the research articles. With the help of these strategies, the scholar has attempted to overcome these study limitations.
4.4 Future researchIn this section, the scholar intendsto offer the following research agenda under recommendations for further work. Future research might focus on a number of issues, such as the connection between client satisfaction and the variables used to gauge the quality of logistics services that were established in this study or the performance of the businesses that provide these services.
Business-to-business (B2B) environments in which the firm/manufacturer executes significant responsibility of distribution/logistics responsibilities internally have dominated the majority of the LSQ research to date (Gulc, 2017). The connections among differentsupply chain entitiesare changing as theyco-create value by collaboratingwith buyers, and firms do not represent the sole supply chain actordistributing explicitly to end customers, as technology has made it possible for businesses to reach buyers by usinga variety of channels. With the development of the omnichannel distribution and logistics landscape, it is consequently even more crucial to look at LSQ from a business-to-consumer (B2C) perspective. On the other hand, the meaning of LSQ in the context of an omnichannel setting (such as e-commerce retailers) differs from that in a conventional brick-and-mortar setting or in a purely online business model since customer expectations are evolving quickly, which are further accelerated by unexpected events like a pandemic. Furthermore, retailers should re-evaluate established competitive tactics as consumers' expectations rise and the barrier between online as well as physical commerce becomes progressively blurred. To stay consistent, firms have to reconfigure their supply chains in accordance with service quality. Considering an evolutionary standpoint is necessary to consider omnichannel distribution as the logical and natural progression of multi-channel logistics. Researchers and managers should thus fully comprehend the specific service needs of omnichannel customers. Furthermore, this research offers a future research agenda on logistics and supply chain concerns in contemporary retail and omnichannel commerce. Considering these problems is important for understanding the obstacles that businesses face when trying to deliver a solid logistical service in this setting.
Moreover, most of the existing research studies have used a more customer-based perspective than the more conventional operational-based paradigm in their efforts to verify and improve LSQ. The conventional concept relies on operating characteristics that can be seen, such as time and location utilities. Yet, the corporate environment has evolved, making it difficult for the old idea to adequately communicate the value that logistics creates. Therefore, it is first advised to provide more marketing and psychological depth to any element of service quality. Hedonistic purchasing is one of many fascinating subjects for further analysis. Furthermore, look for chances to use longitudinal studies as the foundation for future research. This enables a review of the model's investigated factors. Also, to replicate the research framework forexaminingthe connections between the concepts in the setting of B2C solutions, both single-channel as well asmulti-channel retailers. This will help to confirm the relevance of the results in various business environments across international borders.
The value of logistics services has been underlined, but research into what sort of services would result in buyers being satisfied and making repeat purchases has been limited. Overall, such future research will add to the body of knowledge and advance the field of quality management in the logistics domain, a crucial industry for any nation's economy.
5. ReferencesAli, A. H., Melkonyan, A., Noche, B., & Gruchmann, T. (2021). Developing a sustainable logistics service quality scale for logistics service providers in Egypt.Logistics,5(2), 21.
Awasthi, A., Sayyadi, R., & Khabbazian, A. (2018). A combined approach is integrating gap analysis, QFD and AHP for improving logistics service quality. International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management,29(2), 190-214.
Darmawan, D. (2018). The effect of service quality, customer satisfaction and corporate image on customer loyalty in the banking sector in Indonesia
Doolen, J. (2017). A meta-Analysis, systematic, and integrative reviews: an overview. Clinical Simulation in Nursing,13(1), 28-30.
Durai, S. (2021). Designing the literature review: Historical, narrative, theoretical, integrative, and scoping reviews.Indian Journal of Continuing Nursing Education,22(1), 75.
Garside, A. K. (2015). Validating logistics service quality scale in East Java Industries. InProceedings of the Joint International Conference on Electric Vehicular Technology and Industrial, Mechanical, Electrical and Chemical Engineering (ICEVT & IMECE)(pp. 70-75). IEEE.
Gulc, A. (2017). Models and methods of measuring the quality of logistic service.Procedia Engineering,182, 255-264.
Hopia, H., Latvala, E., & Liimatainen, L. (2016). Reviewing the methodology of an integrative review.Scandinavian journal of caring sciences,30(4), 662-669.
Hseyinolu, I. . Y., Sorkun, M. F., & Brhan, G. (2018). Revealing the impact of operational logistics service quality on omni-channel capability.Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Hussein, A., Hassan, M., & Hamid, M. A. K. A. (2015). Factors affecting retail b2b relationship quality in Egypt.The Business & Management Review,6(1), 166.
Idris, S., & Yaakob, A. R. (2019). Investigating The Relationship Between Operational Logistics Service Quality (OLSQ) and Customer Loyalty: Critical Review.Malaysian Journal of Business and Economics (MJBE), (2).
Kahnali, R. A., & Esmaeili, A. (2015). An integration of SERVQUAL dimensions and logistics service quality indicators (A case study).International Journal of Services and Operations Management,21(3), 289-309.
Kolodizieva, T., Zhelezniakova, E., Melnykova, K., Pysmak, V., & Kolodiziev, O. (2022). Assessment of logistics service quality based on the application of fuzzy methods modelling.
Lai, P. L., Jang, H., Fang, M., & Peng, K. (2022). Determinants of customer satisfaction with parcel locker services in last-mile logistics.The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics,38(1), 25-30.
Le, D. N., Nguyen, H. T., & Truong, P. H. (2020). Port logistics service quality and customer satisfaction: Empirical evidence from Vietnam. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 36 (2),pp. 89-103
Limbourg, S., Giang, H. T. Q., & Cools, M. (2016). Logistics service quality: the case of Da Nang city.Procedia engineering,142, 124-130.
Lin, Y., Luo, J., Cai, S., Ma, S., & Rong, K. (2016). Exploring the service quality in the e-commerce context: a triadic view.Industrial Management & Data Systems.
Masudin, I., Jie, F., & Widayat, W. (2020). Impact of halal supplier service quality and staff readiness to adopt halal technology on halal logistics performance: A study of Indonesian halal meat supply chain.International Journal of Agile Systems and Management,13(3), 315-338.
Masudin, I., Safitri, N. T., Restuputri, D. P., Wardana, R. W., & Amallynda, I. (2020). The effect of humanitarian logistics service quality on customer loyalty using Kansei engineering: Evidence from Indonesian logistics service providers.Cogent Business & Management,7(1), 1826718.
Maxwell, J.A., 2016. Expanding the history and range of mixed methods research.Journal of mixed methods research,10(1), pp.12-27.
Mendes, K. D. S., Silveira, R. C. D. C. P., & Galvo, C. M. (2019). Use of the bibliographic reference manager in the selection of primary studies in integrative reviews.Texto & Contexto-Enfermagem,28.
Perignat, E., & Katz-Buonincontro, J. (2019). STEAM in practice and research: An integrative literature review.Thinking skills and creativity,31, 31-43.
Perignat, E., & Katz-Buonincontro, J. (2019). STEAM in practice and research: An integrative literature review.Thinking skills and creativity,31, 31-43.
Phaxaisithidet, T., & Banchuen, P. (2020). The influence of logistics flexibility and logistics service quality on competitive advantage of logistics service users in special economic zone, Lao PDR. InThe First International Conference on Management, Innovation, Economics and Social Sciences (ICMIESS).
Richu, S., Stephen, O., Gituro, W., & Mary, K. (2022). Logistics management practices and customer satisfaction: the mediating effect of logistics service quality among the Shippers in Kenya.
Shaban, F., & Salih, D. (2020). The role of logistics service quality dimensions on marketing flexibility: An empirical study in Dairy factories in Duhok governorate.Uncertain Supply Chain Management,8(3), 537-546.
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines.Journal of business research,104, 333-339.
Soh, K. L., Chin, S. H., & Wong, W. P. (2015). A theoretical model to investigate customer loyalty on logistics service providers for sustainable business performance.International Journal of Business Performance and Supply Chain Modelling,7(3), 212-232.
Subramanian, N., Gunasekaran, A., Yu, J., Cheng, J., & Ning, K. (2014). Customer satisfaction and competitiveness in the Chinese E-retailing: Structural equation modelling (SEM) approach to identify the role of quality factors.Expert Systems with Applications,41(1), 69-80.
Src, E., & zispa, N. (2017). Measuring the effect of perceived logistics service quality on brand factors in the e-commerce context.Marketing and Branding Research,4, 112-128.
Toronto, C. E., & Remington, R. (Eds.). (2020).A step-by-step guide to conducting an integrative review(pp. 1-9). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Torraco, R. J. (2016). Writing integrative literature reviews: Using the past and present to explore the future.Human resource development review,15(4), 404-428.
Vasi, N., Kilibarda, M., Andreji, M., & Jovi, S. (2021). Satisfaction is a function of users of logistics services in e-commerce.Technology Analysis & Strategic Management,33(7), 813-828.
Vicente-Saez, R., & Martinez-Fuentes, C. (2018). Open Science now: A systematic literature review for an integrated definition.Journal of business research,88, 428-436.
Wetzel, P., & Hofmann, E. (2020). Toward a multi-sided model of service quality for logistics service providers.Administrative Sciences,10(4), 79.
Yu, K., Cadeaux, J., & Song, H. (2017). Flexibility and quality in logistics and relationships.Industrial Marketing Management,62, 211-225.
Zailani, S., Jafarzadeh, S., Iranmanesh, M., Nikbin, D., & Selim, N. I. I. (2018). Halal logistics service quality: conceptual model and empirical evidence.British Food Journal,120(11), 2599-2614.
Zhang, H., Shi, Y., & Qiu, B. (2020). Applying catastrophe progression method to evaluate the service quality of cold chain logistics.Complex & Intelligent Systems, 1-15.
6. Appendices6.1 Application for researchApplication for Research Approval (Postgraduate)
Document Name Application for Research Approval (Postgraduate)
Document Number AG210-7
Owner Chair of Strategic Research Committee
Developer Chair of Strategic Research Committee
Link to electronic form or template
-19053429000
RAD Form (Postgraduate Qualifications Only)
APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL OF RESEARCH ACTIVITY
1.Applicant details
1.1 Name of Applicant(s) Liu Hang
1.1a Applicants email address 133911717@qq.com
1.2 Applicant enrolled qualification PG Diploma/Master of Logistics and Supply Chain Management
1.3 School and Faculty EIT/Business department
1.4 Contact Phone 022 4607683
1.5 Supervisor(s) Dr Dobrila Lopez
1.5a Supervisor(s) email addresses dlopez@eit.ac.nz
1.6 Project Title An investigation into logistics service quality (LSQ) and customer satisfaction
1.7 Project Start Date and Duration From 03/10/2022 to 07/04/2023
2.Research Outline
A research proposal may be requested by the committee.
2.1Aims/objectives/hypotheses of project (describe in plain language, free from jargon)
Aims/objectives/hypotheses of project:
This project aims to assess the relationship between logistics service quality (LSQ) and customer satisfaction in the retail industry, and to develop recommendations for improving customer satisfaction with logistics service quality (LSQ).
2.2Participants (include information on the participant population, inclusion and exclusion criteria, number and age range of participants, method of recruitment and any payment or reward offered)
Please note that there are no participants in the MAPM9.3 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications.
2.3.Explain the data collection methodology (submit questionnaires, interview / focus group questions, etc., who will actually collect the data, where will data collection actually take place.)
Please note that there is no data collection in the MAPM9.3 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications.
2.4Data analysis and storage (explain your data analysis procedures and data storage and retention plan)
Please note that there is no data analysis and storage in the MAPM9.3 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications.
2.5How will the data be reported, and to whom? (what reports, presentations and/or publications are planned)
Please note that there is no data to be reported in the MAPM9.3 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications.
3.Will the research
3.1 Collect confidential, personal or financial information?
Please note that there is no confidential, personal or financial information in the MAPM9.3 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications. No
3.2 Involve more than minimal risk?
Please note that there is minimal risk in the MAPM9.3 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications. No
3.3 Involve vulnerable participants?
Please note that there are no vulnerable participants in the MAPM9.3 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications. No
3.4 Record research participants on audio or videotape?
Please note that there are no research participants on audio or videotape in the MAPM9.3 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications. No
3.5 Involve or impact upon Maori?
Please note that there are no Maori participants in the MAPM9.3 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications. No
3.6 Use of proprietary internet survey software (e.g. Google Forms, SurveyMonkey, Zoomerang)
Please note that there is no use of internet survey software in the MAPM9.3 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications. No
Signature of the Applicant: Liu Hang Date: 14/10/2022
Principal Supervisor Signature Dr Dobrila Lopez Date: 6.2 Approval letter
Our Ref: BC22/29 next number
DATE @ "d MMMM yyyy" 12 March 2024
Name: Hang Liu
EIT Student ID #: 2021003590
Email address: 133911717@qq.comcc: Lecturer: Dobrila Lopez
C/- School of Business / Computing
EIT Auckland / Hawkes Bay Campus
Tn koe / Greetings
Thank you for submitting your application for your MERGEFIELD Course PGISP9.400 Independent Scholarly Project An investigation into logistics service quality (LSQ) and customer satisfaction
I am pleased to inform you that your research project was approved by the appointed Schoolof Business and School of Computing Research Committee delegate on .
You are reminded that should the proposal change in any significant way, you must inform the Committee. Please quote the above reference number on all correspondence to the Committee. Please send all correspondence to: nreeves@eit.ac.nz who is the Committee Secretary.
The Committee wishes you well for the project.
Nku noa / Yours sincerely
Pii-Tuulia Nikula
Chairperson
School of Business and School of Computing Research Committee6.3 Supervisor submission agreement
Supervisor Submission Agreement- Independent Scholarly Project
Submission details
Student Name:Hang LiuStudent ID No:2021003590Principal Supervisor:Dr Dobrila LopezAssociate Supervisor: NONEISP title: An investigation into logistics service quality (LSQ) and customer satisfactionSubmission agreement
The purpose of this form is to ensure that submitted Independent Scholarly Projects (ISP) are sufficiently well prepared to undergo timely examination. Supervisors are asked to confirm the statements below prior to the ISP being sent for examination. In the event that a supervisor is not willing to certify that an ISP is sufficiently well prepared, written comments detailing the supervisors concern should be attached to this form. Students are required to countersign the form to indicate awareness of the supervisors comments. Please note, a student can request examination of an ISP even if the supervisor has not signed off for examination. In this circumstance the examiner will be advised the ISP has not been signed off and is being examined at the stuidents request.
Principal Supervisor Associate Supervisor (If appointed)
In my opinion the ISP is sufficiently well prepared to be examined. AgreedNONEThe research and writing embodied in the ISP are those of the candidate except where due reference is made in the text. AgreedNONEAssistance provided during the research phase (if undertaken) has been appropriately described and acknowledged. AgreedNONEEditorial assistance in the writing of the ISP has been appropriately described and acknowledged. AgreedNONEI confirm that all required ethics approval processes have been obtained for this project. AgreedNONESign off
Student signature: Hang Liu Date 1/04/2023Principal supervisor signature: Date 1/04/2023Associate supervisor (if appointed) signature: Date NONEISP approved for examination:ConfirmedCourse co-ordinator signature:
6.4 Annotated bibliographyArticle 1
Full bibliographical information of the article Zhang, H., Shi, Y., & Qiu, B. (2020). Applying catastrophe progression method to evaluate the service quality of cold chain logistics.Complex & Intelligent Systems, 1-15.
Key words LSQ, cold chain logistics, fresh e-commerce, complexity, catastrophe progression method, service quality, etc.
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) The authors have in-depth knowledge in the domain of cold chain logistics due to their academic experience and industrial experience. The article has been published in a journal with impact factor of 6.859 and this article has been cited more than 7 times.
Research question(s)/objectives To propose a model for effective evaluation of the e-commerce cold chain LSQ based on the catastrophe progression method
What is the key literature used as background to this article? (The articles bibliographical info) An in-depth literature review has been conducted in this article consisting of more than 35 scholarly works in this domain. The key literature used is: Sohn, J. I., Woo, S. H., & Kim, T. W. (2017). Assessment of logistics service quality using the Kano model in a logistics-triadic relationship.The International Journal of Logistics Management.
What theory is cited and/or tested? The applicability of the catastrophe progression method has been tested in this article
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question? Purposive sampling has been used and 219 survey questionnaires with primary sources. 147 of the participants were customers experiencing fresh e-commerce shopping and 72 others were potential customers. Statistical analyses like correlation, standardization and indices formation have been used. The methods have been appropriate but the sample size was constricted.
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The model formed in the study shows applicability and validity and the priority weights have been rightly assigned. This convinces the credibility of the study and the model can be applied for more extensive studies regarding the service quality of cold chain logistics in e-commerce, which is the area of interest.
Why is this piece of research important? This article provides an insight on a comprehensive model which considers different variables under each component of the service quality dimensions and try to assess the LSQ of cold chain logistics in e-commerce. This article is important due to its unique findings.
Key conclusions or recommendations A more in-depth study is required with larger sample size
The focus should be on industries apart from e-commerce too
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? The statistical modelling of the framework to assess the LSQ is unique and considerably comprehensive
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply? The study is based on only a small number of customers and producers side has not been captured.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? The findings are relevant to my research since they provide insights about which variables to consider for quality assessment.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? Compared to other papers, this article provides a different approach by developing an applicable and relevant model.
Article 2
Full bibliographical information of the article Zailani, S., Jafarzadeh, S., Iranmanesh, M., Nikbin, D., & Selim, N. I. I. (2018). Halal logistics service quality: conceptual model and empirical evidence.British Food Journal,120(11), 2599-2614.
Key words Halal logistics, food firm, conceptual modelling, service quality, etc.
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) The authors are mostly faculties from different prestigious universities, having knowledge in technologies and supply chain.
The journal has an impact factor of 2.518 and the article has been cited 68 times.
Research question(s)/objectives To develop and test a comprehensive model for assessment of the service quality of Halal logistics
To ensure reliability of the model developed
What is the key literature used as background to this article? (The articles bibliographical info) An extensive literature review has been conducted and the key literature used as background is:
Fathi, E., Zailani, S., Iranmanesh, M. and Kanapathy, K. (2016), Drivers of consumers willingness to pay for halal logistics, British Food Journal, Vol. 118 No. 2, pp. 464-479
What theory is cited and/or tested? The article has not cited or tested any particular theory but has relied on the concept of service quality
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question? Apart from literature review, survey has been conducted with 253 Halal firms in Malaysia. Hypotheses has been formed and tested using the partial least square technique of modelling using SmartPLS Version 3.0. The modelling and analysis methods have been appropriate for addressing the research objectives.
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? As per the findings of the concerned study, the model developed is a valid and reliable measurement instrument for service quality of Halal logistics. However, the model has been only tested on some Halal firms in Malaysia and thus, cannot be considered to be globally applicable.
Why is this piece of research important? This research piece can help the managers of different Halal firms to understand the criteria to be considered for assessing the quality of their foods and their suppliers.
Key conclusions or recommendations The study adds original contribution in proposing an extensive logistics service quality model.
The model has to be tested in other countries to ensure its generic relevance and applicability.
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? The paper emphasizes on Halal logistics on which there is a lack of research and service quality assessment modelling.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply? The paper concentrates on structural modelling but lacks in-depth literary assertions and in-depth investigations and justifications for variable selection.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? The article is relevant to my research topic since it helps in understanding how a logistic and supply chain system of perishable commodities can be assessed.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? Like other papers, this article also concentrates on supply chain and logistics evaluation modelling. However, it has an emphasis on the niche segment of Halal logistics.
Article 3
Full bibliographical information of the article Vasi, N., Kilibarda, M., Andreji, M., & Jovi, S. (2021). Satisfaction is a function of users of logistics services in e-commerce.Technology Analysis & Strategic Management,33(7), 813-828.
Key words Customer satisfaction, logistics service quality dimensions, e-commerce, CFA, etc.
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) The authors are professors in reputed universities and the journal has an impact factor of 2.874. The article has been cited for more than 20 times.
Research question(s)/objectives To determine the dimensions of logistics services affecting customer satisfaction in e-commerce
To determine how customers perceive their satisfaction
To suggest measuring instrument for service quality in logistics of e-commerce
What is the key literature used as background to this article? (The articles bibliographical info) Lin, Y., Luo, J., Cai, S., Ma, S., & Rong, K. (2016). Exploring the service quality in the e-commerce context: a triadic view.Industrial Management & Data Systems.
What theory is cited and/or tested? The article has tested the conceptual model of service quality dimensions for its validity in e-commerce consumers perception of satisfaction
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question? An extensive survey with 425 respondents consisting of sample of online customers for different products has been conducted using structured and close-ended questionnaires. Random sampling method has been used.
Hypotheses regarding impacts of different factors on customer satisfaction have been formed and tested using the PLS method in the SmartPLS 3.0 program. It has been effective in identifying the factors with statistically significant influence.
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The findings highlight that the e-commerce customer satisfaction depends on different observed dimensions of logistics service. The measuring instrument also contributes as an important scientific model in this domain. The findings are convincing given that they are based on customer perceptions and statistical analysis.
Why is this piece of research important? This article is important since it emphasizes on the demand side aspects highlighting the factors to be taken in the modelling for assessment of service quality of logistic services through customer satisfaction.
Key conclusions or recommendations The customer satisfaction dimensions are of immense importance and have to be considered in measuring the service quality of logistics services in e-commerce.
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? The paper conducts extensive statistical analysis to find the important factors contributing to customer perceptions and satisfactions.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply? The sample is a generic one and it does not emphasize on any specific type of online customers.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? The article is considerably relevant to my topic given that it provides a demand-side insight regarding the factors to be considered while assessing logistic service quality in e-commerce.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? Like other papers, this article also emphasizes on e-commerce logistic service quality but the emphasis is mainly on the demand side and customer satisfaction in this domain of service quality.
Article 4
Full bibliographical information of the article Src, E., & zispa, N. (2017). Measuring the effect of perceived logistics service quality on brand factors in the e-commerce context.Marketing and Branding Research,4, 112-128.
Key words Brand loyalty, e-commerce, brand trust, service quality, perceived quality of service, etc.
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) The authors are research assistants in the Department of Maritime Business Administration in Dokuz Eykul University. The article is published in a journal with no impact factor and has been cited only ten times.
Research question(s)/objectives To examine the consequences of service quality of logistics on brand factors in the e-commerce industry
To emphasize on the components like quality, brand loyalty and brand trust and logistics service quality
What is the key literature used as background to this article? (The articles bibliographical info) Huge number of literatures have been reviewed with particular emphasis on the following work:
Mentzer, J. T., Flint, D. J., & Kent, J. L. (1999). Developing a logistics service quality scale. Journal of Business Logistics, 20, 932
What theory is cited and/or tested? The Logistics Service Quality Model has been considered and tested for its validity in the e-commerce sector
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question? Both primary and secondary information sources have been considered. Web-based survey has been conducted with 193 online shopping website users who have been selected based on accessibility. Hypotheses have been formed based on the conceptual model and have been tested using SPSS. Correlation analysis and factor analysis have been conducted which are appropriate methods to identify factors and their effects on customer satisfaction.
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The logistics service quality considerably influences the perceived service quality by the customers and also on their brand trust but it has no impact on their brand loyalty. The findings cannot be considered to be fully comprehensive and differs from the literary assertions, especially regarding brand loyalty.
Why is this piece of research important? The article is important for its implications for managers of different companies in e-commerce and also for more extensive future researches in this domain.
Key conclusions or recommendations The aspects of brand loyalty, brand trust and perceived quality have to be considered for a business to develop successful logistics service quality. It is important for the e-commerce businesses, given the rise in the level of competition in the present period.
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? The research is based on a conceptual model of service quality which is heavily applied in the e-commerce logistics sector. The model has been re-arranged based on perceived service quality.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply? The study does not take into consideration other variables of perceived service quality which can also influence logistics service quality perceptions.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? The relevance of this article to my research topic is that it takes into consideration the demand side and the customers perceptions and satisfaction.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? The paper relates to many other papers which concentrate on the customers perceptions and satisfaction. But it differs in terms of the ways in which the conceptual model of customer satisfaction of quality dimensions has been tested.
Article 5
Full bibliographical information of the article Soh, K. L., Chin, S. H., & Wong, W. P. (2015). A theoretical model to investigate customer loyalty on logistics service providers for sustainable business performance.International Journal of Business Performance and Supply Chain Modelling,7(3), 212-232.
Key words Logistics service quality, LSQ, customer satisfaction, sustainability, customer loyalty, etc.
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) The authors are faculties having considerable information and knowledge about logistics management. The article has been cited 26 times and the impact factor of the journal is 1.77.
Research question(s)/objectives To investigate factors affecting loyalty of customers towards third-party logistics service providers and customer satisfaction
What is the key literature used as background to this article? (The articles bibliographical info) Da Silva, R. V., & Alwi, S. F. S. (2006). Cognitive, affective attributes and conative, behavioural responses in retail corporate branding.Journal of Product & Brand Management,15(5), 293-305.
What theory is cited and/or tested? The theory based on which the study has been conducted is the cognitive-affective-conative theory and the study has tried to test the assertions of the concerned theory regarding the impacts of switching costs on the relation shop between satisfaction and loyalty of the customers.
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question? A sample of 1000 customers have been selected for which 174 customers responded to the online questionnaires. Smart PLS 2.0 has been used to conduct statistical analysis of the information collected to identify the factors affecting satisfaction and loyalty of the customers.
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? Customer satisfaction acts as a mediator between logistics service quality and customer loyalty. The switching costs also have moderating impacts between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, thereby substantiating the claims of the cognitive-affective-conative theory.
Why is this piece of research important? This piece of research is considerably important as it helps in testing a considerably popular theory in the domain of customer satisfaction in the logistics performance domain for service sector industries.
Key conclusions or recommendations Key conclusion is that LSQ is an antecedent for customer satisfaction and thereby customer loyalty. Thus, it is recommended for the 3PLs to take this aspect into consideration.
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? The research is based on customer perspectives and information from the direct customers have been taken into consideration for insight development.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply? The primary limitation of this study is the consideration of a considerably small study sample and only customer loyalty and customer satisfaction have been considered for the moderating effect.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? The findings of this article are considerably relevant to my topic of concern since it helps in understanding how the customer satisfaction and customer loyalty can be manipulated.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? This paper is considerably different from the other papers since it tries to develop insights about the moderating relation between customer satisfaction, switching costs and customer loyalty.
Article 6
Full bibliographical information of the article Shaban, F., & Salih, D. (2020). The role of logistics service quality dimensions on marketing flexibility: An empirical study in Dairy factories in Duhok governorate.Uncertain Supply Chain Management,8(3), 537-546.
Key words Supply chain management, logistics, service quality, LSQ, marketing, etc.
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) The article is a current one and the authors have technical and industrial experience and experience as senior faculties. The article has been cited 5 times in a journal with impact factor 2.15.
Research question(s)/objectives To determine the role of LSQ in functional dimensions on marketing flexibilities, for the dairy factories in Kurdistan region
To assess whether LSQ helps in achieving marketing flexibilities
What is the key literature used as background to this article? (The articles bibliographical info) There are a number of literatures that have been considered for preliminary insight development for the concerned article.
What theory is cited and/or tested? The LSQ quality dimensions have been tested for marketing flexibility, in this article.
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question? Quantitative research has been carried out by forming hypotheses regarding correlation between logistics service quality dimensions and marketing flexibility. Survey questionnaires have been developed and administered on 34 managers chosen by purposive sampling. Correlation analysis among the variables has been done to test the hypotheses, which has been appropriate given the objectives of the concerned research.
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The findings highlight the presence of significant correlation between LSQ and its functional and operational dimensions on marketing flexibility, which is convincing given the service quality is perceived as a primary component for the customers to make their purchase decisions.
Why is this piece of research important? The report is important since it emphasizes on the marketing aspects of the logistics businesses and tries to analyze the impacts of the LSQ dimensions on the marketing flexibility.
Key conclusions or recommendations The article recommends the need to focus on all dimensions of the LSQ for the dairy factors and especially on the improvement of the functional dimensions for ensuring higher contribution of the same in achieving marketing flexibility.
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? The study considers both primary and secondary information sources and it provides unique insights about the impacts of LSQ on the domain of marketing operations, especially considering the perceived service quality as an important factor.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply? The number of managers surveyed in this study is considerably less and the research also emphasizes on the dairy factories of a considerably small region.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? The article emphasizes on the importance LSQ dimensions on marketing, which is also considerable relevant for the marketing operations of the contemporary e-commerce companies.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? The article, like other papers, concentrate on the different dimensions of LSQ but it differs from most of the articles in the sense that it tries to highlight the impacts of these dimensions on the marketing flexibility.
Article 7
Full bibliographical information of the article Richu, S., Stephen, O., Gituro, W., & Mary, K. (2022). Logistics management practices and customer satisfaction: the mediating effect of logistics service quality among the Shippers in Kenya.
Key words Logistics management practices, service quality, mediating variable, customer satisfaction, expectancy disconfirmation theory, systems theory, etc.
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) The authors are respected faculties of University of Nairobi and the impact factor of the concerned journal is 1.51.
Research question(s)/objectives To determine the effects of LSQ on the relationship of logistics management practices and customer satisfaction of the shippers in Kenya
What is the key literature used as background
to this article? (The articles bibliographical info) Lisiska-Kunierz, M., & Gajewska, T. (2014). Customer satisfaction with the quality of the logistic services.LogForum,10(1), 13-19.
What theory is cited and/or tested? The article has tried to rely the insights based on the Expectancy Disconfirmation Theory, Material Flow Theory and Systems Theory.
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question? A descriptive cross-sectional study had been conducted using primary sources of information. Survey has been conducted with 63 importers and exporters of SCEA and 59% response rate was achieved. A hypothesis regarding the mediating effect of LSQ had been formed and tested. Given the study objective this has been an appropriate method using the exploratory factor analysis.
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? There is a positive linkage between customer satisfaction and LMPs. The results of the mediation test highlight the presence of mediating impacts of the LSQ and the shippers were found to be more satisfied with the functional quality than the technical quality.
Why is this piece of research important? This piece of research is important since it substantiates the claims of different theories and also highlights the importance for the companies to ensure the presence of effective LSQ for ensuring that their LSM creates considerable customer satisfaction.
Key conclusions or recommendations The key recommendation obtained from this study is that the businesses in this domain should take into consideration the technical quality as well as the functional quality of their logistics supply providers.
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? The paper has effectively developed a robust conceptual framework and has also been able to establish the presence of relationship between LSM and customer satisfaction through the mediating variable of LSQ.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply? The study is based on a considerably small sample size and only 59% of response rate was achieved from the sample considered in the concerned study.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? The findings of the research are considerably important for my own research topic since it highlights the mediating effects of LSQ.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? Like other papers, this study also concentrates on LSQ but unlike others, the paper treats LSQ as a mediating variable instead of treating it as a causal variable.
Article 8
Full bibliographical information of the article Phaxaisithidet, T., & Banchuen, P. (2020). The influence of logistics flexibility and logistics service quality on competitive advantage of logistics service users in special economic zone, Lao PDR. InThe First International Conference on Management, Innovation, Economics and Social Sciences (ICMIESS).
Key words Logistics Flexibility, Service Quality, Competitive Advantage, Structural equation modelling, Amos.
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) The author is faculty in Kasetsart University and there is no impact factor since it is a conference proceeding.
Research question(s)/objectives To estimate the influence of logistics flexibility and LSQ on the competitive advantages of logistics service users in the special economic zone.
What is the key literature used as background to this article? (The articles bibliographical info) The article takes into consideration different literary pieces of evidences for different theories and concepts and for the formation of the conceptual framework.
What theory is cited and/or tested? The insights of the article are grounded in logistics flexibility theory, logistics service quality theory and competitive advantage theory.
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question? Different key dimensions have been identified for logistics service quality and primary and quantitative data has been collected with the help of online surveys with 284 manufacturing companies in the special economic zone. Hypotheses developed regarding the relationships between the study variables have been tested using SPSS and structural equation modeling by SPSS + Amos has been developed.
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The findings highlight that there are direct and indirect effects of logistics flexibility on competitive advantage and the LSQ is a mediating factor for the concerned relation for the manufacturing companies in the special economic zones.
Why is this piece of research important? This research is important for assessing the ways in which different quality dimensions in the domain of LSQ influence the relationship between logistics flexibility capabilities and competitive advantages of the users.
Key conclusions or recommendations The businesses should choose LSM providers based on their service quality to ensure high level of competitive advantages over their rival firms.
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? The study incorporates a moderately large sample set and different statistical analysis and structural modelling have been conducted highlighting the clear relationships between the concerned study variables.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply? There is lack of theoretical insights and in-depth discussion in the study regarding the justifications of the insights derived from statistical analysis.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? This study emphasizes on the aspects like logistics flexibility, LSQ and competitive advantage of the users and these aspects are related to my research topic closely.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? The paper shows almost similar findings like the other papers taken into consideration, regarding LSQ but the aspect of competitive advantages of the users of logistics service is an addition by the concerned paper.
Article 9
Full bibliographical information of the article Limbourg, S., Giang, H. T. Q., & Cools, M. (2016). Logistics service quality: the case of Da Nang city.Procedia engineering,142, 124-130.
Key words Logistics service providers, logistics service quality, performance measurement, SERVQUAL, etc.
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) The authors have considerable industrial experience and experience as faculties in reputed universities. The journal, however, does not have an impact score listed.
Research question(s)/objectives To analyze the logistics service quality of the logistics service providers in the Da Nang City, based on the dimensions of the SERVQUAL Model
What is the key literature used as background to this article? (The articles bibliographical info) Ladhari, R. (2009). A review of twenty years of SERVQUAL research.International journal of quality and service sciences.
What theory is cited and/or tested? The paper uses the dimensions of the SERVQUAL model to capture the perceptions of the customers of the LSPs in Da Nang City, regarding the service quality in logistics operations of the same.
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question?
Primary data is collected from 200 customers of LSPs in the concerned region and purposive sampling has been chosen for conducting the study. Questions on each of the SERVQUAL dimensions have been asked to measure the perceptions of the customers regarding the concerned dimensions. This has been the most appropriate method for this study, given that the study has tried to analyze the LSQs based on the SERVQUAL Model only.
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The primary finding of this study is that there are considerable positive perceptions among the logistics service customers in the concerned city, regarding the existing LSPs. The findings are convincing since they have been statistically tested and based on the perceptions of the direct customers.
Why is this piece of research important? The article is important since it shows the weightage of each of the components of the SERVQUAL model in the domain of assessment of the logistics service quality.
Key conclusions or recommendations As per the findings of the concerned study, it is important for the existing LSPs of Da Nang City to emphasize the improvement of research and development and more targeted customer care.
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? The paper takes into consideration every dimension and sub-dimensions of the SERVQUAL model and incorporated them in assessing the perceived service quality, from the point of view of the customers.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply? The paper only considers the dimensions from the SERVQUAL model and does not take into consideration the suppliers point of view regarding the quality of their logistics service.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? The paper and the findings have direct relation with my research topic given that SERVQUAL is an important model for assessing the perceived quality of services among customers.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? Very few papers have incorporated a detailed analysis of the LSQs using the SERVQUAL model and thereby taking into consideration the customer sides of the concerned aspects of quality provided by the LSPs.
Article 10
Full bibliographical information of the article Masudin, I., Jie, F., & Widayat, W. (2020). Impact of halal supplier service quality and staff readiness to adopt halal technology on halal logistics performance: A study of Indonesian halal meat supply chain.International Journal of Agile Systems and Management,13(3), 315-338.
Key words Technology readiness, halal supplier service quality, supply chain, halal meat, logistics performance, etc.
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) The authors are faculties in industrial engineering, management and business laws and the journal has an impact factor of 2.0.
Research question(s)/objectives To analyze the relationship between employee readiness to adopt technology and service quality of halal meat supplier
To assess the impacts of the same on the halal logistics performance
What is the key literature used as background to this article? (The articles bibliographical info) Jie, F., Parton, K. A., & Cox, R. J. (2012). An agile supply chain analysis of Australian beef wholesalers and retailers.International Journal of Agile Systems and Management,5(4), 297-318.
What theory is cited and/or tested? The article is not based on any particular theory but the concept of employee readiness has been extensively used for insight development in this article.
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question? Primary information sources including 276 respondents working in the halal meat industries and supply operations in Indonesia have been chosen with the help of random sampling. Using the data collected from them and the SmartPLS platform, inter-correlation analysis has been performed to study the concerned relationships.
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The readiness of technology adoption among halal meat production employees significantly influences the performance of halal logistics. LSQ works as a moderating influence between technology readiness and performance of the halal logistics in this case.
Why is this piece of research important? This piece of research particularly emphasizes on the halal meat industry which deals with a perishable good and has considerable criteria for quality assessment. The importance of technology readiness is studied in this paper, making its contribution important for the development of effective halal meat supply chain.
Key conclusions or recommendations The businesses in the concerned industry should be emphasizing on the development of technology adoption readiness among their employees.
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? The research draws clear conclusion about the importance of technology readiness and the moderating effects of the LSQ, which are relevant concepts in the era of constant incorporation of technologies and innovations in supply chain operations.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply? The sample size is randomly selected and is considerably small, thereby highlighting the scopes of non-inclusion of important information in this domain.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? The halal meat industry is a considerably risky one dealing with perishable goods with high quality restrictions. The findings are thus, important and relevant for other cases of LSQ as well.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? This article has relationship with a few other articles considered in this study, which also emphasizes the halal meat industry and the factors driving the customer satisfaction regarding the LSQ in the industry.
Internal supply chain management effect on fast fashion industry
A Research Report Prepared
at the
Eastern Institute of Technology
Auckland, New Zealand
Student Name:
Student ID:
Semester:
Date:
Statement of Authenticity
By submitting this work, I declare that this work is entirely my own except those parts duly identified and referenced in my submission. It complies with any specified word limits and the requirements and regulations detailed in the course work instructions and any other relevant programme module declaration. In submitting this work, I acknowledge that I have read and understood the regulations and code regarding academic misconduct, including that relating to plagiarism, as specified in the programme handbook. I also acknowledge that this work will be subject to a variety of checks for academic integrity.
AbstractInternal supply chain management is a research topic of great interest to researchers in academia. The fast fashion industry attracts consumers with the characteristics of low price, small quantity, many styles, fast and fashion, and has become an increasingly popular fashion trend. Fashion is changing rapidly, and fast fashion brands use fast-response supply chains to keep pace with fashion to meet consumer demand. The current globalization of business, intensified competition in the industry, unpredictable consumer demand, and the ongoing impact of COVID-19 have upended the supply chain of the fast fashion industry. The competition among fast fashion industries has transformed into the competition among supply chains, and supply chain management determines the success of enterprises. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of internal supply chain management on fast fashion organizations. At present, there is no comprehensive study on the internal supply chain management of the fast fashion industry, and this study will fill this gap. This study employs a literature review approach to provide a comprehensive and critical review of the extensive prior content in the field to address the questions raised. The research question explores the impact of internal supply chain management on fast fashion organizations. The results of the study find that effective internal supply chain management of fast fashion organizations positively affects supply chain performance and promotes the improvement of overall firm performance and competitive advantage. On the one hand, by resetting the internal supply chain, fast fashion organizations can establish a demand-driven, agile, digital and sustainable supply chain, which can quickly respond to customer needs, improve the performance of the supply chain, and ultimately improve the overall performance and Competitive Advantage. On the other hand, by enhancing the resilience of the supply chain, fast fashion organizations can effectively resist supply chain risks and promote the sustainable development of enterprises. The findings not only enrich the theoretical knowledge in this field, but also provide insights for the researchers' further studies. The study also provides guidance for supply chain managers in fast fashion organizations to develop supply chain management strategies and optimize supply chain functions, providing avenues for organizations to improve performance and competitive advantage. In addition, the research will also help suppliers and logistics companies better understand the particularities of fast fashion, so as to improve workflow and service quality, and jointly create excellent value for customers.
Key words: fast fashion, supply chain management, internal supply chain, agility, digitization, sustainability, supply chain optimization, supply chain risk, resilience
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Table of ContentsTOC o "1-3" h u Abstract PAGEREF _Toc120729491 h 2ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS PAGEREF _Toc120729492 h 3Table of Contents PAGEREF _Toc120729493 h 41. Chapter 1 Introduction: PAGEREF _Toc120729494 h 61.1 Chapter overview PAGEREF _Toc120729495 h 61.2 Background PAGEREF _Toc120729496 h 61.3 Research motivation (gaps) PAGEREF _Toc120729497 h 71.4 Research objective/ aim PAGEREF _Toc120729498 h 71.5 Research question PAGEREF _Toc120729499 h 71.6 Research significance (theoretical and practical) PAGEREF _Toc120729500 h 81.6.1 Theoretical significance PAGEREF _Toc120729501 h 81.6.2 Practical significance PAGEREF _Toc120729502 h 82. Chapter 2 Method PAGEREF _Toc120729503 h 82.1 Chapter overview PAGEREF _Toc120729504 h 82.2 Integrative review method PAGEREF _Toc120729505 h 82.3 Key terms PAGEREF _Toc120729506 h 92.4 Search strategy PAGEREF _Toc120729507 h 92.5 Eligibility criteria (inclusion and exclusion) PAGEREF _Toc120729508 h 102.6 Screening and selection PAGEREF _Toc120729509 h 102.7 Ethics and ethical considerations PAGEREF _Toc120729510 h 103. Chapter 3 Literature review PAGEREF _Toc120729511 h 113.1 Literature overview PAGEREF _Toc120729512 h 113.2 Synthesis of landmark studies PAGEREF _Toc120729513 h 113.2.1 Landmark studies 1 PAGEREF _Toc120729514 h 123.2.2 Landmark studies 2 PAGEREF _Toc120729515 h 123.2.3 Landmark study 3 PAGEREF _Toc120729516 h 133.2.4 Landmark study 4 PAGEREF _Toc120729517 h 133.3 Definition table/Concepts and terms PAGEREF _Toc120729518 h 143.4 Theories and theoretical models in previous research PAGEREF _Toc120729519 h 163.4.1 Establish a customer-focused competitive first approach PAGEREF _Toc120729520 h 173.4.2 Super-fast fashion model PAGEREF _Toc120729521 h 173.4.3 Elastic combined chain PAGEREF _Toc120729522 h 173.4.4. Framework for sustainable development efforts PAGEREF _Toc120729523 h 183.5 Summary of findings from previous literature PAGEREF _Toc120729524 h 183.6 Findings from the previous literature and recurring themes (specific relationships stated) PAGEREF _Toc120729525 h 193.6.1 Summary of findings PAGEREF _Toc120729526 h 193.6.2 Findings/Theme 1: Supply chain management impact PAGEREF _Toc120729527 h 203.6.3 Findings/ Theme 2: Demand-driven supply chain management impact PAGEREF _Toc120729528 h 213.6.4 Findings/ Theme 3Risk management of supply chain management PAGEREF _Toc120729529 h 223.7 Methodological approaches used in previous studies PAGEREF _Toc120729530 h 233.7.1 Research Methods PAGEREF _Toc120729531 h 233.7.2 Data Collection Approaches PAGEREF _Toc120729532 h 243.7.3 Sampling Methods PAGEREF _Toc120729533 h 243.7.4 Data Analysis Approaches PAGEREF _Toc120729534 h 243.8 Research gaps in previous literature PAGEREF _Toc120729535 h 244. Chapter 4 Discussion PAGEREF _Toc120729536 h 254.1 Chapter Overview PAGEREF _Toc120729537 h 254.2 Contribution of this Research PAGEREF _Toc120729538 h 254.2.1 Theoretical Contribution PAGEREF _Toc120729539 h 254.2.2 Practical Contribution PAGEREF _Toc120729540 h 264.2.3 Methodological Contribution PAGEREF _Toc120729541 h 264.3 Limitations PAGEREF _Toc120729542 h 264.4 Future Research PAGEREF _Toc120729543 h 265. Reference List PAGEREF _Toc120729544 h 276. Appendices PAGEREF _Toc120729545 h 326.1 Application for research PAGEREF _Toc120729546 h 326.2 Approval letter PAGEREF _Toc120729547 h 366.3 Supervisor submission agreement PAGEREF _Toc120729548 h 376.4 Annotated bibliography PAGEREF _Toc120729549 h 39
1. Chapter 1 Introduction:1.1 Chapter overviewThis chapter is a comprehensive overview of the topic, presenting research on the impact of internal supply chain management on fast fashion organizations. This chapter starts with the background of the fast fashion industry, and then elaborates the research motivation, research purpose, research question and research significance.
First, it introduces that the current business environment and the particularity of fast fashion have brought great challenges to the supply chain of fast fashion organizations, highlighting the importance of internal supply chain management; next, it shows that the motivation of the study is for fast fashion organizations to adopt Internal supply chain management provides avenues for improving performance and competitive advantage, and makes new contributions to the academic community; then introduces the purpose of the study to explore the relationship between internal supply chain management and fast fashion organizations' performance and competitive advantage through a literature review; and Introduced that the research problem is to explore the impact of departmental supply chain management on fast fashion organizations; finally pointed out that the research results are not only of great significance to academia, but also for fast fashion organizations and their stakeholders to better create value for customers in practice Provide guidance.
1.2 BackgroundGlobal trade has brought more opportunities to enterprises and more challenges to their supply chains (Sardar & Young, 2015; Schoenherr, 2009), and COVID-19 has increased the complexity of supply chains (Ardvin et al., 2021; Dewalska & Biliska, 2021; Runfola, 2021). The current fast fashion products are favored by consumers because of their many styles, low prices, high update frequency and short life cycle (Caro & Martnez, 2015; Choi, 2013; Fares & Lebbar, 2019), but consumers' continuous desire for new products With uncertain demand and making the market more unpredictable, the fast fashion supply chain has subverted the traditional supply chain (Masson et al., 2007). Supply chain management is regarded as an important research topic by the academic community (Zhang et al., 2019). The current competition among fast fashion industries has changed from competition between products to competition between supply chains. Effective supply chains Management can improve organizational performance (Otto & Kotzab, 2003; Teng & Jaramillo, 2005), and optimizing the supply chain is an important means for fast fashion brands to maintain competitiveness (Madhani, 2021). For an enterprise, supply chain management is divided into internal supply chain management and external supply chain management. If the inefficiency of internal supply chain management will affect the entire supply chain, the function optimization of the entire supply chain cannot be realized. Therefore, internal supply chain management is crucial for enterprises (Yang, 2013). Internal supply chain management involves two aspects of supply and demand, and supply and demand are interrelated, and the matching of supply and demand can create the greatest value for the enterprise (Raza & Kilbourn, 2017). Oversupply will lead to excess inventory and increased costs, undersupply will fail to meet customer demand and result in lost sales, and the mismatch between supply and demand will ultimately affect an organization's performance and competitive advantage (Halim et al., 2016). In response to changes in the market environment, the current supply chain requires companies not only to be driven by value, but also to be driven by consumer demand (Raza & Kilbourn, 2017), and to focus on the agility, digitization and sustainability of the supply chain (Arrigo, 2020 ; Barnes, 2006; El, 2020; Giri, 2019; Hemantha, 2021; Ivanovska, 2022; Jain, 2017; Jha & Veeramani, 2021; Shankar, 2021; Wu, 2021). In addition, fast fashion organizations should also innovate the "ultra-fast fashion" supply chain model (Lucas et al., 2020), and enhance supply chain resilience to improve the ability to resist risks (Alvarenga et al., 2022; Choi, 2016), In order to continuously promote the growth of organizational performance and enhance the competitive advantage.
1.3 Research motivation (gaps)Although supply chain management is a widely researched topic (Zhang et al., 2019), most of the previous studies have been unilaterally discussed from the perspective of supply or from the perspective of demand, while comprehensively exploring the impact of internal supply chain management on fast There is very little research on the impact of fashion organization. For example, (Madhani, 2021 and Beheshti, 2015; Mandari et al., 2022; Raza & Kilbourn, 2017; Walters, 2008; Zhou, 2021) start from the perspective of demand and think that using point-of-sale (POS) data for demand forecasting can improve Adopting sustainable product practices and influencing consumers' awareness of sustainable consumption can boost consumer demand. However, Sardar & Young (2015), Masson et al (2007), Pretious & Love (2006), Neumann et al (2021), and Sheridan et al (2006) conducted research from the perspective of supply and believed that in supply chain management Adopting agile, ethical, green, sustainable, category management and product complexity management strategies can improve the supply capacity of enterprises. Halim et al (2016) and Guercini & Runfola (2004) pointed out that internal supply chain management must maintain the matching of supply and demand in order to create the best performance for the enterprise. Inadequate internal supply chain management will directly affect corporate performance, and configuring or reconfiguring the supply chain has become an urgent issue for the fast fashion industry (Sardar & Young, 2015). These contents constitute the motivation of this study. This study will comprehensively consider the impact of supply and demand on the fast fashion industry, provide ways for fast fashion organizations to reconfigure supply chains and improve supply chain functions to create optimal performance, and contribute to the development of theoretical knowledge in academia contribute.
1.4 Research objective/ aimThis study aims to explore the impact of internal supply chain management on the fast fashion industry. The study provides important guidance for fast fashion organizations to optimize and improve internal supply chain functions by reviewing relevant content in this field and summarizing the impact of numerous factors of internal supply chain management on fast fashion organizations. Research Questions explores the relationship between fast fashion organizations and internal supply chain management, provides guidance for supply chain management practices, and makes new contributions to the academic community. In the supply chain practice, fast fashion organizations maintain the matching of supply and demand and take consumer demand as the leading factor, develop the digital capability, sustainability and agility of the supply chain, and establish good cooperative relations with suppliers to enhance the resilience of the supply chain to resist Risks will eventually improve the competitiveness of fast fashion organizations and create more value for the organization. Therefore, internal supply chain management can be regarded as a necessary means for fast fashion organizations to achieve value growth.
1.5 Research questionThe research question for this study is: How does internal supply chain management affect fast fashion organizations?
The current market has become unpredictable (Lucas et al., 2020); digital transformation has accelerated in all industries (Br & Nmeth, 2022; Shiralkar et al., 2021) and social development has brought more responsibilities to businesses (Pretious & Love, 2006). These factors have brought great challenges to the supply chain of the fast fashion industry. Therefore, it is crucial to fully understand the impact of relevant elements of internal supply chain management on fast fashion organizations, reconfigure and improve internal supply chain functions (Jarka, 2018).
1.6 Research significance (theoretical and practical)In order to cope with changes, the fast fashion industry needs to optimize the internal supply chain, reset and improve the function of the internal supply chain (Jarka, 2018). It is of great theoretical and practical significance to comprehensively examine the influence of internal chain management on fast fashion industry.
1.6.1 Theoretical significanceThis research makes an important contribution to the academic world. This study fills the gap of comprehensive research in the field of fast fashion industry and internal supply chain management. It comprehensively reviews 60 peer-reviewed articles in this field and summarizes the research results of these articles. It not only enricfies the previous research, but also provides inspiration for scholars to further research and promotes the understanding and development of theoretical knowledge in this field.
1.6.2 Practical significanceThis study is significant from an industry perspective. On the one hand, this study helps fast fashion organizations pay full attention to the influence of supply and demand factors on the supply chain, and provides ways for fast fashion organizations to optimize the internal supply chain, reduce costs, improve performance and achieve competitive advantages. On the other hand, this research can help suppliers and logistics companies to better understand the particularity of fast fashion, so as to improve work flow, service quality and collaboration.
2. Chapter 2 Method2.1 Chapter overviewThis chapter will introduce the literature review method of this study. Linnenluecke et al. (2019) pointed out that an effective literature review method to examine a large amount of literature in a certain field can not only identify the research results, existing problems and new development trends in the existing field, but also establish new topics Provide strong support and arguments. In order to fully explore the impact of internal supply chain management on the fast fashion industry, this study will use the method of integrative reviews to comprehensively review the content related to the research topic, to discover key issues in the field of fast fashion and supply chain management, and to synthesize the available Research results provide support for further in-depth research. Key terms, article retrieval strategies, article inclusion and exclusion criteria, content screening and selection will be used to generate research questions and to identify the relationship between the fast fashion industry and internal supply chain management. In this study, 22 highly relevant literatures were selected and included in the review as the basis of this study. Additionally, at the end of this chapter, professional and ethical considerations for this research are presented.
2.2 Integrative review methodTypes of literature reviews include integrative reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and qualitative reviews. Integrative reviews are a broad approach that incorporates experimental and non-experimental studies and combines theoretical knowledge and empirical content of the literature. This approach also allows for a wide range of research purposes and the use of different sampling frames to more fully and A comprehensive understanding of areas of concern (Broome, 1993). Meta-analyses is the use of statistical methods to combine multiple research results from previous literature to improve the objectivity and validity of the research results (Cooper, 1998). Systematic reviews are suitable for evidence-based practice initiatives, mainly to solve specific problems that have been identified in practice, and comprehensively search the literature and collect evidence to provide effective information as a literature review method (Greenhalgh, 1997). Across all genres, the Integrative reviews approach seeks rigor in identifying and synthesizing available content relevant to the research topic, reducing bias, and research findings are widely considered to be more valid than other types (Aromataris & Riitano, 2014).
The purpose of this study is to comprehensively explore the impact of internal supply chain management on the fast fashion industry. The breadth of Integrative reviews method can help this study to effectively summarize the content of this field, which is the most suitable literature review method for this study.
2.3 Key termsKey terms can help researchers effectively search in the database to obtain eligible articles, and the Key terms determined by researchers determine the usefulness of search results (Aromataris & Riitano, 2014).
Key terms used in this study include: fast fashion, ultra-fast fashion, fast fashion supply chain, supply chain management, digital supply chain, agile supply chain, sustainable supply chain, Leagile, demand forecasting, procurement, inventory management, fast fashion procurement , business performance, demand-driven supply chains, supply chain risk, and supply chain resilience. The 60 articles reviewed in this study were mainly obtained by searching keywords fast fashion and supply chain management.
2.4 Search strategySearch strategy is the method used by researchers to search relevant literature in literature database, and it is an iterative process centering on research questions. It needs to constantly check search conditions and adjust strategies to obtain articles that meet the conditions (Atkinson & Cipriani, 2018). Dunkin 1996 pointed out that systematic bias and error may occur at any stage of research if researchers do not adopt a clear search strategy.
This study developed the following search strategy:
Using ProQuest as the main source of information, and using Google Scholar and EIT databases to locate articles. ProQuest is a large database with 125 billion word pages, providing a large amount of accessible data, including theses, books, journals, etc. (D & B, n. d.).
Developed search keywords according to research questions: fast fashion, supply chain management, supply chain risk, etc.
Use conjunctions "AND", "OR" according to the relationship between keywords to connect different concepts to expand the search scope, such as fast fashion and supply chain management, supply chain disruption or supply chain shortage or supply chain risk.
Screen the titles and abstracts of the articles that have been searched, and make judgments based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure that the articles are eligible.
Manually review the reference list of each article that has been obtained to discover more available information.
Continuously adjust strategies according to search results during the search process to ensure that usable information can be obtained.
Classify the obtained articles according to the research methods or research topics of the previous literature.
Prepare a list of references.
2.5 Eligibility criteria (inclusion and exclusion)Eligibility criteria (including inclusion and exclusion criteria) specify which articles will be included and which articles will be excluded during the systematic review, and can provide clear guidance for researchers to develop search strategies and review data (Meline, 2006).
Inclusion criteria established for this study include:
Research topics (fast fashion, retail, apparel, supply chain).
Release date (2006-present). The fast fashion industry grew significantly in 2006 (Br & Nmeth, 2022).
Language type (English publication).
Article type (peer-reviewed).
Research methodology (qualitative or quantitative)
Article structure (with full context).
Article design (experimental, quasi-experimental or non-experimental)
The exclusion criteria established in this study included:
Articles not related to the research topic
Non-English articles
Articles before 2006
Non-peer-reviewed articles (newspapers, reviews, etc.)
Non-empirical research (abstract research)
Articles with incomplete structure
2.6 Screening and selectionSearching the repository using key characters will yield a large number of documents, but it is difficult for researchers to identify usable articles from such a high number of documents. Affengruber et al. (2022) pointed out that literature screening can help researchers identify and confirm literature related to the research topic. The specific steps are to eliminate duplicate documents through title screening, abstract screening or full-text screening, and use inclusion and exclusion criteria to judge whether the document is related to the research topic and whether the content is valid, so as to determine whether the document should be included in the review (Affengruber et al., 2022).
A review of 60 potential articles identified 22 articles that met all inclusion criteria and were determined to be highly relevant. These 22 articles focus on the impact of internal supply chain management on fast fashion organizations, or the internal supply chain factors that affect the performance or competitive advantage of fast fashion organizations.
2.7 Ethics and ethical considerationsThe data of the literature review comes from the published literature in academia. In order to respect the research results of previous scholars and review their research results fairly and objectively, the authors must consider ethical and moral issues. This research will be responsible to society, academia, the original author, readers and myself, follow a professional, honest, fair and objective attitude, and follow ethical and moral standards to review these literatures, and the reference materials will adopt the APA seventh edition model.
Chapter 3 Literature review3.1 Literature overviewPrevious literature has published a large number of studies related to the fast fashion industry and supply chain management, and this chapter is mainly a comprehensive review of 60 articles in this field. Firstly, the landmark studies will be introduced, including "Supply Chain Management", "Demand-Driven Supply Chain", "Supply Chain Optimization", "Leagile Box". Next, related concepts and terms will be presented through definition tables, including "Supply Chain Management, Fast Fashion, Agile, Digitalization, Sustainable Supply Chain, Supply Chain Risk and Resilience, etc." will also address important theories and models from the literature, including "Building a Customer-Centric Competition-Priority Approach," Ultra-Fast Fashion Model, Resilience Capabilities Portfolio Theory, Sustainable Development Effort Framework. Then, the findings of the comprehensive literature are drawn to conclude that effective supply chain management has a positive impact on the performance and competitive advantage of the fast fashion industry. In addition, the study identified customer-centricity, agile, digitalization, and sustainable supply chains as recurring theories, while ultrafast fashion, the Leagile framework, supply chain optimization, and supply chain resilience combined as emerging theories. From From the perspective of the research methods of the literature, the researchers used quantitative or qualitative research based on empirical evidence, and the research results were scientific and reliable. Finally, considering the limitations and blanks of the literature, it was found that the previous research had many limitations. In the future, the internal supply chain management of fast fashion organizations needs to focus on inventory management.
3.2 Synthesis of landmark studiesPrevious studies in this field have adopted different research methods and theoretical frameworks, and discussed the research topics from different perspectives. The research content involves topics such as fast fashion supply chain, supply chain management, supply chain optimization, and supply chain risk. This study will select 4 landmark studies to explain the impact of different factors of internal supply chain management on the fast fashion industry. An important landmark study is Bruce & Daly's (2006) "Purchasing Behavior of the Fast Fashion Industry", which has been cited 479 times in Google Scholar, discussing the impact of adopting the Leagile model in supply chain management on corporate performance and competitive advantage impact. Another landmark study is Halim et al. (2016) "Logistics and Supply Chain Related Issues for SMEs". The article has only been cited 13 times in Google Scholar, but this is a peer-reviewed academic journal, and it belongs to category A in the ABDC journal ranking. The research highlights the importance of internal supply chain management from both supply and demand aspects. The third landmark study is The Concept of Establishing Supply Chains in the Fast Fashion Industry (Jarka, 2018). Although the study has only been cited 5 times in Google Scholar, the study discusses the important impact of optimizing the supply chain of the fast fashion industry on fast fashion organizations. In addition, Raza & Kilbourn's (2017) "The Impact of Point-of-Sale Data in Demand Planning in the Apparel Retail Industry" is also an important landmark study. Although this study was only cited 13 times in Google Scholar, it discussed the establishment of Important implications of demand-driven supply chains for organizations. These landmark studies are closely related to my research topic and have made important contributions to the academic community and brought important insights into the supply chain practice of the fast fashion industry.
3.2.1 Landmark studies 1The first landmark study is Bruce & Daly's (2006) "Purchasing Behavior of the Fast Fashion Industry", which proposed a supply chain management strategy "Leagile framework" that combines agile, lean and responsive. This is a qualitative study. The researchers explored the procurement practices of fast fashion retailers through a case analysis method, and found that the adoption of the Leagile strategy in the supply chain management of fast fashion organizations can better promote the organization's supply chain performance and improve the overall business performance of the organization. performance and competitive advantage. Bruce & Daly (2006) also found in their research that agile management is suitable for innovative products with unpredictable demand, lean management is suitable for basic styles with predictable demand, and the use of digital technology can help improve the visibility of the supply chain to reduce inventory.
The Leagile strategy of Bruce & Daly (2006) has made important contributions to the academic community. For example, Lucas et al. (2020) and Dewalska & Biliska (2021) adopted the Leagile strategy in their later research and verified the effectiveness of the strategy. The study also brings a special perspective to the supply chain management of fast fashion organizations. The organization adopts the Leagile strategy to combine global procurement with local procurement, long-term and short-term supplier relationships, and internal processes and functions to ensure effective procurement. Fast fashion organizations use a combination of lean and agile methods in practice. On the one hand, they predict basic products based on point-of-sale (POS) data, and on the other hand, they use agile strategies to manage unpredictable and innovative products, which not only balances the delivery time of products And cost, but also balance the proportion of basic products and innovative products. Based on this strategy, using digital technology to improve the transparency and work efficiency of the supply chain will also help retailers and suppliers establish a close collaborative relationship to jointly create value for customers.
3.2.2 Landmark studies 2
The second landmark study is Halim et al. (2016) "Logistics and supply chain related issues for SMEs". This research comprehensively discusses the supply chain from the perspective of supply and demand, and the research results show that supply and demand influence each other, and the best performance of the supply chain needs to match supply and demand. This is a qualitative study conducted using the convenience sampling method. The researchers formulated the questions of the questionnaire based on the supply chain diagnostic tool to ensure the reliability of the questions. The interviewees are managers of small and medium-sized enterprises in the manufacturing and retail industries who have rich knowledge and experience in supply chain management. They can answer the questions accurately and ensure the validity of the data. Halim et al. (2016) pointed out that inventory management and customer service are common problems faced by SMEs, and explained that either insufficient or excess inventory can affect business performance and competitive advantage. Insufficient inventory of the enterprise will not be able to meet the needs of customers, resulting in the loss of customers. The excess inventory of enterprises will cause a backlog of products, which need to be sold at a lower price.
The work of Halim et al. (2016) further develops the knowledge in this area. The view of supply-demand balance has been proven in previous studies. For example, Yang (2013) pointed out in previous research that effective supply chain management in which supply and demand match determines the status of an organization in the industry. The research also helps fast fashion organizations fully understand the concept of supply chain management, and guides supply chain managers to adjust strategies. In supply chain management practices, not only inventory management should be considered, but also customer needs should be considered to keep supply and demand matched. , in order to achieve the best performance of the supply chain, improve corporate profits and competitive advantage.
3.2.3 Landmark study 3
The third landmark study is "The Concept of Establishing a Supply Chain in the Fast Fashion Industry", which points out that the fast fashion industry should adapt to complex changes, reset the supply chain and improve the function of the supply chain (Jarka, 2018). This is a qualitative study conducted through a literature review. Based on the analysis and comparison of the literature, the authors explain the importance of supply chain management within fast fashion organizations and emphasize the urgency of resetting the supply chain. In the study, the researchers found that the trend of reducing supply chain costs in the future will become weaker and weaker. Organizations need to reset the supply chain, prioritize speed, time and configuration instead of cost, and establish flexible, digitally managed and sustainable supply chain.
The concept of optimizing the supply chain has been paid attention to in previous research in this field. For example, Yang (2013) pointed out that optimizing the supply chain is an important means for enterprises to maintain competitiveness. Jarka (2018) further applies and extends this concept, discovering priorities for resetting supply chains, making a new contribution to the academic community. Fast fashion organizations realize the importance and urgency of resetting the supply chain in supply chain management (Jarka, 2018), and no longer blindly pursue cost reduction in internal supply chain decision-making, but prioritize time, speed and configuration. More choices of onshore procurement or nearshore procurement, and emphasis on the value of logistics companies, focusing on supply chain flexibility, digital applications and sustainability, will greatly improve supply chain performance.
3.2.4 Landmark study 4
The last landmark study is Raza & Kilbourn (2017) "The Impact of Point-of-Sale Data in Demand Planning in the Apparel Retail Industry", which points out that establishing a demand-driven supply chain can enhance the competitive advantage of enterprises. This is a qualitative study. The researchers used heterogeneous purposeful sampling and selected a representative retailer in the apparel industry as a sample based on the number of outlets. The interviewees were middle and high-level managers in charge of demand planning. They have rich experience and ability to answer questions accurately. The study also conducted reliability and validity tests to ensure the validity and credibility of the research results. The researchers explained that effective demand planning in the supply chain management link helps to achieve a balance between supply and demand, and concluded that the apparel retail industry should establish a customer-oriented supply chain management system to create a competitive advantage.
Although the concept of customer-centric supply chain management has long been mentioned by scholars in this field. For example, the agile management of internal supply chain discussed by Masson et al. in 2007 is based on demand-driven supply chain. The impact of consumer behavior and purchase intention on supply chain demand planning studied by Hu and Shiau in 2015 is also based on demand-led supply chain. But Raza & Kilbourn (2017) extended this idea and made a new contribution to the academic community. They applied this idea to the apparel retail industry and found that point-of-sale data can improve the accuracy of demand forecasting. Raza & Kilbourn (2017) also provided usable insights for later scholars in the field, such as Zhou (2021) further explored the impact of demand forecasting on supply chain management based on point-of-sale (POS) data. This research also provides a clear path to the supply chain practices of fast fashion organizations. Fast fashion organizations establish a supply chain management system dominated by consumer demand, use point-of-sale (POS) data as a basic element of demand planning to predict sales, and create demand plans that are consistent with inventory plans and financial goals, which can help organizations accurately Understand and meet consumer demand, reduce inventory backlog, effectively reduce costs and increase profits.
3.3 Definition table/Concepts and termsPrevious literatures have given different definitions for the concepts related to fast fashion and supply chain. For a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of relevant knowledge and development, Table 1 summarizes these definitions, including: fast fashion, ultra-fast fashion, supply chain Chain management, internal supply chain management, agile supply chain, digital supply chain, sustainable supply chain, customer-oriented supply chain, Leagile supply chain, supply chain integration, supply chain risk management, supply chain resilience.
Table 1
Literature review of concepts and terms of fast fashion or supply chain
Concepts / TermsDefinitions Literature
Fast fashion Fast fashion is a term that encompasses the clothing business and sales strategy. This concept emphasizes the particularity of fast fashion products with low price, multiple categories, short product life cycle and fast update speed. This means that the fast fashion supply chain is a business model that focuses on efficient supply chain and needs to achieve product diversity and cost effectiveness to meet changing customer expectations. Jarka 2018)
Supply chain management Supply chain management includes internal and inter-enterprise supply and demand management. It is the planning and management of all activities of the supply chain, involving procurement, logistics, cooperation with supply chain partners and other activities. Halim et al.2016)
Inner-supply chain management
Internal supply chain management refers to the management of the internal supply and demand network, involving the purchasing department, manufacturing department, warehouse department and sales department, in order to meet customer demand and improve supply capacity and efficiency. Yang 2013
Agile supply chain Agile supply chain is to incorporate agility into supply chain management to improve the ability of enterprises to adapt to changes, including flexible and rapid production, and use information technology to improve the supply capacity, accelerate the operation of the supply chain, in order to quickly respond to customer demand changes. Kaviyani et al. 2022
Digital SCMDigital supply chain is an information technology system based on hardware, software and digital network to plan and execute supply chain functions, consolidate supply chain integration and agility, to meet customer needs and create sustainable organizational performance. Muafi & Sulistio2022)
Sustainable supply chainSustainable supply chain refers to a special management measure that introduces the concept of sustainability into supply chain management activities, takes social, environmental and economic factors into consideration to carry out supply activities, and improves the long-term economic performance of an organization's supply chain. Mukhsin & Suryanto 2022)
Leagile SCM Leagility refers to a supply chain management method that combines lean supply chain with agile supply chain and gives full play to the advantages of each supply chain to flexibly meet market demands. Dewalska & Biliska2021)
Customer led supply chain Customer-centered retail supply chain brings customers into the supply chain process, pays attention to customers' preferences and creates value together with them. Madhani 2021)
Ultrafast fashion supply chain management Super fast fashion refers to an innovative model based on fast fashion, which adopts onshore and nearshore procurement to meet shorter delivery time and conform to market trends to a greater extent. Dewalska & Biliska2021)
Supply chain integration Supply chain integration focuses on the strategic cooperation and management between and within organizations in the supply chain, including internal integration and external integration. Muafi & Sulistio2022)
Optimization of supply chain Supply chain optimization refers to that in order to adapt to environmental changes, enterprises configure or reconfigure the supply chain, improve the function of the supply chain, and establish a flexible, digitally managed and sustainable supply chain to improve the supply chain performance. Jarka, 2018)
Supply chain risk management Supply chain risk management refers to identifying, evaluating, controlling and monitoring internal and external risks that affect supply chain performance together with supply chain members. Alvarenga et al. 2022)
Supply chain resilience Supply chain elasticity refers to the ability of a supply chain to recover or change to a more ideal state after an interruption. Alvarenga et al. 2022)
3.4 Theories and theoretical models in previous researchPrevious literature expounds different theories to explore the topic in the field of fast fashion and supply chain management. This chapter will comprehensively review 22 articles that are highly related to the research topic, and select the most representative theoretical models, including the customer-centric competitive priority method, the ultra-fast fashion model, the elastic combinatorial chain, and the sustainable development effort framework. These theories have expanded the knowledge of the academic community, promoted the development and application of theories, and verified the influence of many elements of supply chain management on fast fashion organizations, providing a basis for fast fashion organizations to improve performance and competitive advantage through internal supply chain management. guide.
3.4.1 Establish a customer-focused competitive first approachA representative theory is the competitive priority approach proposed by Madhani (2021) to establish a customer-centric retail supply chain. Madhani (2021) developed a value-added framework based on demand-driven supply chains, emphasizing that retailers can drive supply chains through competing priorities (responsiveness, reliability, resilience, and realignment) to enhance customer value propositions. Reviewing 22 highly relevant literature, demand-driven supply chains have been widely studied and recognized by scholars (Hu & Shiau, 2015; Mandari et al., 2022; Masson et al., 2007; Neumann et al., 2021; Raza & Kilbourn, 2017;). Scholars have emphasized reliability (Bruce & Daly, 2006), resilience (Shaikh & Ahmed, 2022), recalibration (Jarka, 2018), and responsiveness (Bykzkan & Ger, 2018; Lucas et al., 2020; Sardar & Young, 2015; Sheridan et al., 2006) for internal supply chain management. Madhani (2021) used qualitative research to identify the key drivers of the supply chain on the basis of literature review, and emphasized the inclusion of customers into the supply chain process, and considered the key drivers of supply chain management, and co-created with customers Value, which can enhance the customer's value proposition and contribute to the overall performance of the enterprise.
This value-added framework provides specific guidance for the internal supply chain management of fast fashion organizations, and managers can make more effective decisions based on competitive priorities to improve organizational performance and supply chain competitive advantage. This theory has also made important contributions to academia. In 22 highly relevant articles, Alvarenga et al. (2022) carried out research based on this theory, pointing out that enterprises should readjust the supply chain and comprehensively develop collaboration, flexibility, visibility and analysis orientation to ensure the reliability of product delivery, Increase resilience to risk and increase responsiveness to satisfy customers.
3.4.2 Super-fast fashion modelAnother important theory is the "ultrafast fashion" model proposed by Lucas et al. (2020). This is an innovative model of supply chain management, which advocates ultra-fast direct-to-consumer business models, a combination of agile/lean and responsive (leagile) supply chain management strategies, and the development of digital capabilities. This is a qualitative research. The author adopts the methods of literature review and case analysis, and conducts reliability and validity tests on the questions to ensure the validity and reliability of the research results. The research gathers information through in-depth interviews with relevant experts in the fast fashion and supply chain industry, who have extensive experience, sufficient ability to identify and explore new ideas, and answer questions with accuracy and quality. Reviewing 22 highly relevant literature, the concept of fast fashion has been well defined and developed in academia (Dewalska & Biliska, 2021; Hu & Shiau, 2015; Jarka, 2018; Masson et al., 2007; Sardar & Young, 2015; Sheridan et al., 2006). The leagile strategy that ultra-fast fashion focuses on was proposed by Bruce and Daly as early as 2006, and digital technology has always been valued in this field (Br & Nmeth, 2022; Birtwistle et al., 2003; Bykzkan & Ger, 2018; Muafi & Sulistio, 2022; Shiralkar et al., 2021). Lucas et al. (2020) explained in their study that ultrafast fashion is an important segment of the fast fashion industry by comparing fast fashion with ultrafast fashion , to cater to the needs of consumers at a faster speed, technology is considered as a capability rather than just a tool, and concludes that adopting the ultra-fast fashion model in the supply chain management of fast fashion can effectively improve organizational performance and Competitiveness.
The theoretical model of ultra-fast fashion provides an innovative approach to the internal supply chain management of fast fashion organizations. Fast fashion organizations adopt this model by developing technical capabilities to predict customer demand based on point-of-sale data, and in close contact with suppliers. Onshore production or nearshore production, and adopting a leaner strategy will help achieve optimal inventory, better meet consumers' fashion and innovation needs, and effectively improve organizational performance and competitive advantage. This model is also of importance to academia, and in 22 highly relevant papers, Dewalska & Biliska (2021) used this model in the context of COVID-19 to further demonstrate the positive impact of ultra-fast fashion on organizations.
3.4.3 Elastic combined chainThe third important theory is "Building Resilient Portfolio Chains" proposed by Alvarenga et al. (2022), which found that by improving the collaboration, flexibility, visibility, and analysis-oriented capabilities of the supply chain, and using these capabilities in combination , can achieve the best outcome of the supply chain. This is an empirical study based on a literature review. The researchers believe that the supply chain of an enterprise cannot recover from disruptions only through risk management, and the comprehensive development of the resilience of the supply chain can enable the supply chain to better recover from disruptions. recovered. Reviewing 22 highly relevant literatures, previous studies have confirmed the important role of resilience capabilities in supply chain management. For example, Shiralkar et al. (2021) and Kedar et al. (2021) advocated in their research to improve the visibility of the supply chain through information and communication technology to improve the resilience of the supply chain. Madhani (2021) identified resilience capability as a competitive priority in supply chains in his study.
This theory has made important contributions to the research in the field of supply chain risk management. In 22 highly relevant papers, Shaikh & Ahmed (2022) applied this theory in their study, identifying resilience as a risk management strategy for supply chains and identifying agility as an important enabler of resilience. The model also provides important guidance for fast fashion organizations to formulate strategies for supply chain risk management. Fast fashion organizations focus on enhancing supply chain resilience capabilities and ensuring that the portfolio of resilience capabilities work together can improve supply chain resilience, achieve optimal resilience outcomes, and create sustained performance and competitive advantage for the organization.
3.4.4. Framework for sustainable development effortsThe last representative theory is the sustainable development efforts framework of the fast fashion industry proposed by Neumann et al. (2021): consumer awareness, trust and purchase intention. This framework advocates that fast fashion organizations should make sustainable development efforts in supply chain management to influence consumer perception, improve consumer trust, and enhance brand image, ultimately promoting purchase intention and bringing more profits to the organization. This is a qualitative study, the researchers surveyed consumers from different parts of the world through questionnaires, used structural equation modeling for data analysis, and conducted reliability and validity tests on hypothetical questions to ensure the validity of the results. Neumann et al. (2021) analyzed how the sustainable development efforts of the fast fashion industry affect consumers' perceptions and purchase intentions in their research, and found that the sustainable development efforts of the fast fashion industry can bring good benefits to all stakeholders. prospect. Reviewing 22 highly relevant literatures, the topic of sustainability has been continuously discussed by scholars. For example, Jarka (2018) pointed out that the fast fashion industry needs to optimize the supply chain and establish a flexible, digitally managed and sustainable supply chain. to adapt to changes in the market environment. Dewalska & Biliska (2021) pointed out that in the context of COVID-19, cooperation based on sustainable social responsibility relationships is beneficial to all supply chain members.
The study makes a new and important contribution to the field of sustainability in the fast fashion industry. In 22 highly relevant literatures, Mukhsin & Suryanto (2022) found that supply chain sustainability efforts can not only positively affect firm performance but also enhance competitive advantage based on this framework. Using this framework, Mandari et al. (2022) found that fast fashion retailers' increased adoption of sustainable practices can increase consumers' awareness of sustainable consumption and improve corporate performance and market position. It is clear that sustainability brings more opportunities for fast fashion organisations. Fast fashion organizations comprehensively consider social, environmental and economic factors in supply chain management to affect consumers' cognition, belief and purchase intention. On the one hand, they can enhance the relationship with partners and better respond to customer needs. On the other hand, it can influence consumers' attitudes towards brands, promote their willingness to purchase, and create more income for enterprises.
3.5 Summary of findings from previous literature
Academia currently has many significant discoveries in the field of fast fashion and in-house supply chain management. To gain a comprehensive understanding of what is relevant to this topic, this chapter summarizes and evaluates the findings of previous literature.
Reviewing the literature, the first finding is the impact of supply chain management on fast fashion organizations, including agile management, digital management and sustainability management. Scholars believe that effective internal supply chain management is the key to business success (Halim et al., 2016; Madhani, 2021; Raza & Kilbourn, 2017; Yang, 2013), reset supply chain, and incorporate agile in supply chain management Innovation, digitalization, and sustainability strategies can have a positive impact on organizational performance and competitive advantage (Jarka, 2018; Mandari et al., 2022). On the one hand, fast fashion organizations can better meet Consumer demand, creating more profit for the organization (Kaviyani et al., 2022). On the other hand, fast fashion organizations improve supply chain transparency through digital technology (Shaikh & Ahmed, 2022), effectively predict customer demand and enhance customer satisfaction, which can improve organizational performance and competitive advantage (Bykzkan & Ger, 2018; Waller & Fawcett, 2013). In addition, fast fashion organizations can influence consumers' cognition and trust through sustainable practices to promote customers' purchase intentions, which can create sustainable benefits for enterprises (Neumann et al., 2021), and the sustainability and suppliers based on social responsibility have a good relationship. partnerships can enhance an organizations competitive advantage and positively affect firm performance (Dewalska & Biliska, 2021).
The second finding is the impact of demand-driven supply chains on fast fashion organizations, including establishing a customer-centric competitive prioritization approach, point-of-sale (POS) data, and category management. Scholars believe that in a dynamic business environment, establishing a demand-driven supply chain can actively promote corporate performance and competitive advantage (Raza & Kilbourn, 2017; Yang, 2013; Levy, 1995). Around this theme, fast fashion organizations drive supply chains through responsiveness, reliability, resilience, and realignment that can enhance customer value propositions and positively impact organizational performance and competitive advantage (Madhani, 2021). In addition, scholars have also found that using point-of-sale (POS) data for effective demand planning (Raza & Kilbourn, 2017), improving the ability of enterprises to respond to changes through category management (Sheridan et al., 2006), can better satisfy customers demand, and improve the competitive advantage and performance of the enterprise.
The third finding is the impact of supply chain risk management on fast fashion organizations, including supply chain disruption risk, relationship risk, and supply chain resilience. Scholars have found that risk management is an important link in the supply chain management of fast fashion organizations and determines the long-term performance of the supply chain (Alvarenga et al., 2022). On the one hand, Sardar & Young (2015) found that managing product complexity can reduce supply chain Disruption risk. On the other hand, Shaikh & Ahmed (2022) found that supply chain relationships affect organizational performance. In addition, on the basis of previous literature, Alvarenga et al., (2022) developed an elastic capability portfolio framework, advocating that enterprises comprehensively utilize elastic capabilities to resist supply chain risks, which can continuously improve corporate performance and competitive advantages.
To sum up, although the previous research and this research discuss different topics, they are all in the same field. Scholars have studied the impact of internal supply chain management on fast fashion organizations from different perspectives. Based on the research results of scholars, it is found that adopting an effective internal supply chain management strategy, establishing a demand-driven supply chain and actively improving the ability to resist supply chain risks can promote the performance and competitive advantage of fast fashion organizations. The difference between this study and previous studies is that most of the previous studies explored the impact on fast fashion organizations from the unilateral side of supply or demand, while this study comprehensively considers both supply and demand factors and systematically explore the impact of internal supply chain management on fast fashion organizations. The previous literature is the theoretical basis of this study and provides specific and detailed information for this study.
3.6 Findings from the previous literature and recurring themes (specific relationships stated)In the previous literature, researchers proposed different topics from different perspectives, and adopted different research methods to conduct research in the field of fast fashion and internal supply chain management. This chapter will classify and analyze the previous research results according to the subject classification method to identify the logical relationship between these studies, and discover key theoretical knowledge and development directions, and more comprehensively and systematically summarize the research results in this field.
3.6.1 Summary of findingsReviewing 60 articles in this field, although the focus of each researcher's research is different, the findings all show that effective internal supply chain management has a positive impact on fast fashion organizations. This chapter will summarize the recurring themes of the previous literature to discover more critical and important information in this field, providing important references for the internal supply chain management of fast fashion organizations.
On the one hand, since an effective supply chain management strategy determines the success of an enterprise (Yang, 2013), the topic of supply chain management strategy has received continuous attention from scholars. As researchers continue to explore more effective supply chain management methods, agile supply chains (Kaviyani et al., 2022; Masson et al., 2007), sustainable supply chains (Arrigo , 2020; Mukhsin & Suryanto, 2022) and digital supply chain (Bykzkan & Ger, 2018; Shiralkar et al., 2021), which explore the impact of different supply chain management strategies on fast fashion organizations. On the other hand, it is an important topic since the current demand-driven supply chain can better meet customer needs and maximize the performance and competitive advantage of the organization (Madhani, 2021). Subthemes developed from this theme discuss the impact of fast-moving on point-of-sale (POS) data (Raza & Kilbourn, 2017), consumer behavior (Hu & Shiau, 2015) and category management (Sheridan et al., 2006). Supply chain implications for fashion organizations. Furthermore, risk management is an essential topic as it is an essential part of supply chain management and has a continuous impact on organizational performance and competitive advantage. The subtopics range from the risk of disruption due to product complexity (Sardar & Young, 2015), the risk of supply chain relationships (Dewalska & Biliska, 2021; Shaikh & Ahmed, 2022) and the impact of supply chain resilience on risk (Alvarenga et al., 2022) to explain the impact on fast fashion organizations.
3.6.2 Findings/Theme 1: Supply chain management impactSupply chain management is an important subject. Since globalized business and COVID-19 have brought great challenges to the supply chain of fast fashion organizations, effective supply chain management directly affects the performance and competitive advantage of enterprises (Ardvin et al., 2021; Yang, 2013), enterprises have been In search of more effective supply chain management strategies, researchers are also constantly exploring new methods of supply chain management. Previous research results pointed out that supply chain management involves supply and demand management within and between enterprises. Madhani (2021) pointed out in recent research that effective supply chain management can help organizations make rational use of resources, maximizing Maximize the company's value, better meet customer needs, and create performance and competitive advantages for the organization. Numerous previous studies have pointed out the important impact of supply chain management strategy on firm performance and competitive advantage.
Subtheme 1: Agile management
Agile strategy is a subtopic developed in the field of supply chain management. Masson et al. (2007) defined that agile strategy is to incorporate agility in supply chain management, so that the supply chain can more flexibly and quickly meet customer needs and create value for the organization. Kaviyani et al. (2022) in their The research found that agility is needed in managing relationships with suppliers, in meeting strategic customer satisfaction, and in increasing supply chain member profits. Muafi & Sulistio (2022) proved that agile strategies can actively promote corporate performance and competitive advantage by studying the relationship between supply chain agility, digitalization and sustainability. Shaikh & Ahmed (2022) also found that agility is an important contributor to supply chain resilience in their research, further emphasizing the importance of agile strategies. Although these literatures focus on different topics, they all point out that agile strategy, as one of the important strategies of supply chain management, significantly affects the performance and competitive advantage of fast fashion organizations.
The research results of this topic provide an effective approach for the supply chain management of fast fashion organizations. The adoption of agile strategies by fast fashion organizations can effectively improve the flexibility of the organization's supply chain management, improve the ability to respond to environmental changes and reduce risks. In addition, the application of agile management to the innovative products of fast fashion organizations can also positively affect the future supply chain and create continuous benefits for the enterprise.
Subtheme 2: Sustainability
Sustainability strategies are also an important subtopic in the field of supply chain management. From the perspective of supply chain, sustainability is the social responsibility undertaken by enterprises in the context of globalization, including two aspects of ethics and environment (Neumann et al., 2021). Jarka (2018) pointed out that sustainability is one of the development directions of future supply chain management. Mukhsin & Suryanto (2022) pointed out in his research that sustainability does not directly affect corporate performance, but indirectly affects corporate performance with competitive advantage as an intermediary variable. The research results of Neumann et al. (2021) show that sustainable strategies can increase consumer trust and brand image. Dewalska & Biliska (2021) pointed out that in the context of COVID-19, sustainable social responsibility-based relationships are conducive to promoting collaborative relationships with suppliers. Mandari et al. (2022) research under this theme found that sustainable practices adopted by retailers can change customers' consumption behavior and purchase intention, and promote corporate performance and competitive advantage. All the above research results show that the sustainable strategy as a special supply chain management strategy can bring long-term economic benefits to the organization.
Research findings on this topic highlight the significant impact of social responsibility on the fast fashion industry. The adoption of sustainable strategies in supply chain management by fast fashion organizations can not only promote the collaborative relationship with suppliers, but also improve brand image and customer trust, positively affect the competitive position of enterprises, and ultimately create sustainable benefits for enterprises.
Subtheme 3: Digitization
Digital strategy is a subtopic that has been repeatedly discussed by scholars in the field of supply chain management, and has received unprecedented attention under the impact of COVID-19. From the perspective of supply chain, scholars interpret digital strategy as a supply chain management strategy that uses new technologies and analytical methods to generate new revenue forms and business value for organizations. It is an intelligent, value-driven and efficient process. A large number of scholars pointed out in their research that digitalization is one of the important factors that must be paid attention to in the future supply chain development (Br & Nmeth, 2022; Birtwistle et al., 2003; Bykzkan & Ger, 2018; Ivanovska, 2022; Jarka, 2018; Muafi & Sulistio, 2022; Shiralkar et al., 2021)". The research results of Shiralkar et al. (2021) found that digitization can help companies predict customer preferences, resist the risk of uncertainty, and maximize supply chain performance. Muafi & Sulistio (2022) in his study demonstrated that digitalization strategies have a significant positive impact on supply chain performance. As can be seen, all findings on this topic show that digitalization strategies provide indispensable capabilities for supply chain management that can Effectively promote business performance and competitive advantage.
The findings on this topic underscore the need for fast fashion organizations to enhance digital adoption in supply chain management. Fast fashion organizations adopt digital strategies to predict customer needs, which can provide customers with unique value propositions and enhance the organization's competitive advantage. The use of digitalization in the collaboration between organizations and suppliers can improve information transparency, enhance organizational flexibility, improve work efficiency, and create higher value for enterprises.
3.6.3 Findings/ Theme 2: Demand-driven supply chain management impactSince the establishment of a demand-driven supply chain can better meet customer needs and maximize corporate performance and competitive advantages, this has become the core concept of supply chain management in fast fashion organizations and has become a widely recognized by scholars. Themes (Masson et al., 2007; Raza & Kilbourn, 2017). Madhani (2021) emphasized that customer-centric supply chain management can quickly respond to customer needs, reduce demand uncertainty risks, improve resilience to supply chain disruptions, greatly increase customer value propositions, and ultimately increase the overall business value of the enterprise . Numerous studies under this topic believe that demand-driven supply chains can better generate sales revenue and create competitive advantages for enterprises.
Subtheme 1: Point of Sale (POS) data
Under the guidance of a demand-driven supply chain system, a sub-theme of demand forecasting based on point-of-sale (POS) data is developed. Masson et al. (2007) found in their research that using point-of-sale data to predict customer demand in the context of globalization can improve the speed and flexibility of the supply network, thereby increasing the agility of the organization. Further research by Raza & Kilbourn (2017) found that using point-of-sale (POS) data can more accurately predict customer demand for basic products and help organizations better serve customers. (Madhani, 2021) studies have verified that customer demand based on point-of-sale data can greatly reduce product inventory, thereby reducing costs for organizations. These studies have shown from different aspects that using point-of-sale (POS) data for demand forecasting can make The organization responds to customers more quickly and improves service quality, thereby creating more profits and competitive advantages for the organization.
This sub-theme provides available methods for the supply chain management of fast fashion organizations. Organizations use point-of-sale (POS) data to forecast demand for basic styles, which can meet customer needs more accurately and quickly, and better create competition for enterprises Advantages and sales revenue.
Subtheme 2: Establish a customer-centered competitive priority approach
Based on the demand-driven supply chain, Madhani (2021) proposed to establish a customer-centric competitive priority method, by identifying priorities in retail supply chain management, emphasizing responsiveness, resilience, reliability, and readjustment to drive the supply chain , increase the customer's value proposition and the competitiveness of the enterprise, and ultimately improve the overall business value of the enterprise.
This theme provides a value-added framework for the internal supply chain management of fast fashion organizations. Driving the supply chain through competitive priorities can not only quickly respond to market demand, reduce the uncertain risk of demand and supply, but also improve the resilience to supply chain disruptions , and helps ensure that retailers and suppliers are aligned to achieve optimal supply chain performance.
Subtheme 3: Category Management
Another subtopic developed under demand-driven supply chains is category management. Sheridan et al. (2006) found in their research that effective category management methods can improve the ability of enterprises to respond to changes in the business environment and are the key to satisfying customer needs. The research shows that the fast fashion industry achieves category management through collaboration with suppliers, and category management encourages information sharing and generates trust to promote collaborative relationships, which can meet customer needs more quickly and create competitive advantages for the organization.
The findings highlight the important contribution of category management to the fast fashion industry. Fast fashion organizations use category management as a strategic tool to ensure that customer needs are met, improve the organization's ability to deal with uncertain risks in the market, and ultimately improve corporate performance.
3.6.4 Findings/ Theme 3Risk management of supply chain managementRisk management is an important part of supply chain management and an essential research topic in academia. The globalized trading environment, COVID-19 and the particularities of fast fashion have brought unprecedented risks to the supply chain of fast fashion organizations. Alvarenga et al. (2022) pointed out that the long-term performance of the supply chain can be ensured only by identifying, evaluating, controlling and monitoring the risks affecting the performance of the supply chain together with the supply chain members in the supply chain management.
Subtheme 1: The impact of supply chain disruptions on risk management
In the area of supply chain risk management, Sardar & Young (2015) and Tang (2006) explored the topic of supply chain disruption risk. The study pointed out that in a globalized environment, the distance between suppliers and retailers and the complexity of products increase the risk of disruption in the fast fashion supply chain. The researchers found that companies can reduce this risk by managing product complexity to increase supply chain visibility and rapid response.
The findings of this topic bring guidance to the supply chain risk management of fast fashion organizations. Fast fashion organizations can manage the number and novelty of complexity elements of design products, and the number of assortments of commodities running in the supply chain, and establish Close distribution centers, adjust outsourcing decisions to deal with the risk of supply chain disruption, so as to ensure the organization's supply chain performance.
Subtheme 2: Supply chain relationship on risk management impact
Another subtopic in this field explores the impact of supply chain relationships on risk management (Dewalska & Biliska, 2021; Shaikh & Ahmed, 2022). The study found that the collaborative relationship between the organization and suppliers significantly affects the performance of the supply chain and brings risks to the enterprise, and points out that trust and commitment can promote the collaborative relationship, improve the agility of the supply chain, and increase the resilience of the supply chain to deal with risks. In addition, Shiralkar et al. (2021) pointed out that high-quality information helps reduce the risks associated with demand uncertainty and helps to build a common vision among supply chain members.
The research findings on this topic are of great significance to the fast fashion industry. Fast fashion organizations can establish close partnerships with suppliers based on trust and commitment, and use information and communication technology to create a transparent environment so that all supply chain members can Share information and experience in a timely manner, promote the development of long-term relationships, reduce the risks brought by supply chain relationships, and ensure the organization's supply chain performance.
Subtheme 3: Supply Chain Resilience
Resilience is a very important subtopic in the field of supply chain risk management. Customer-centric supply chain management emphasizes resilience (Madhani, 2021), and resilience positively affects supply chain performance (Shaikh & Ahmed, 2022). Alvarenga et al. (2022) found in a recent study that risk management alone does not To enable enterprises to recover from disruptions, enterprises must improve collaboration, flexibility, visibility, and analysis-oriented resilience capabilities, and make these capabilities work together in order to better recover from disruptions.
The research results of this topic have made great contributions to the supply chain management of fast fashion organizations. Fast fashion organizations can enhance the collaboration, flexibility, visibility and analysis orientation of the supply chain, and comprehensively use elastic capabilities to resist risks. Effectively ensure the organization's supply chain performance.
3.7 Methodological approaches used in previous studiesMethodology is a method by which researchers adopt various research steps, conduct research scientifically and logically, and solve research problems systematically (Kothari, C. R. , 2004). Reviewing the previous literature, researchers have employed a variety of research methods to study their topic. This chapter will provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the methodology adopted in the previous literature.
My research question was "How does internal supply chain management affect fast fashion organizations?", and after reviewing 60 articles in the field of fast fashion and supply chain management, no researchers in the field were found to have studied the same problem.
3.7.1 Research MethodsCommonly used research methods can be divided into qualitative research and quantitative research. Qualitative research, , usually observes and describes unmeasurable phenomena by collecting textual data, while subjectively evaluates attitudes, opinions and behaviours. Quantitative research is based on mathematical and statistical methods to collect and analyze numerical data, infer group characteristics or relationships from strict data, and objectively explain phenomena (Casey, 2006). I summarized 22 articles that are highly relevant to the field of fast fashion and supply chain management, and find that 13 articles adopt qualitative researchBruce & Daly, 2006; Bykzkan & Ger, 2018; Dewalska & Biliska, 2021; Halim et al., 2016; Jarka, 2018; Kaviyani et al., 2022; Lucas et al., 2020; Madhani,2021; Masson et al., 2007; Pretious & Love, 2006; Raza & Kilbourn, 2017; Sheridan et al., 2006; Yang, 2013). The other 9 have adopted qualitative research method Alvarenga et al., 2022Hu & Shiau, 2015; Mandari et al., 2022; Muafi & Sulistio, 2022; Mukhsin & Suryanto, 2022; Neumann et al., 2021; Sardar & Young, 2015; Shaikh & Ahmed, 2022; Shiralkar et al., 2021). 3.7.2 Data Collection ApproachesIn 22 related articles, the researchers chose different data collection methods according to different research purposes. For example, questionnaire surveys (Alvarenga et al., 2022; Halim et al., 2016; Hu & Shiau, 2015; Mandari et al., 2022; Muafi & Sulistio, 2022; Mukhsin & Suryanto, 2022; Neumann et al., 2021; Pretious & Love, 2006; Shaikh & Ahmed, 2022; Shiralkar et al., 2021) or interviews (Bruce & Daly, 2006; Lucas et al., 2020; Masson et al., 2007; Pretious & Love, 2006; Raza & Kilbourn, 2017; Sheridan et al ., 2006). For example, when Raza & Kilbourn (2017) used qualitative research to explore the impact of point-of-sale data on demand planning, semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from middle and high-level managers in charge of demand planning to observe point-of-sale (POS) The Impact of Data on Demand Forecasting. While Neumann et al. (2021) collected data from 216 consumers from all over the world through an online questionnaire survey for quantitative research, and used partial least squares structural equation modeling for numerical analysis, inferring from rigorous data that The relationship between sustainable strategies in the fast fashion industry and consumer awareness, trust, and purchase intention. It can be seen that researchers choose different data collection methods according to different research purposes to ensure the accuracy and validity of the research results.
3.7.3 Sampling MethodsPrevious studies have used different sampling methods, including random sampling (Halim et al., 2016; Hu & Shiau, 2015; Mandari et al., 2022; Mukhsin & Suryanto, 2022; Neumann et al., 2021; Shiralkar et al. ., 2021) and nonrandom sampling (Alvarenga et al., 2022; Bruce & Daly, 2006; Lucas et al ., 2020; Masson et al., 2007; Muafi & Sulistio, 2022; Pretious & Love, 2006; Raza & Kilbourn, 2017; Shaikh & Ahmed, 2022; Sheridan et al., 2006). The sampling method determines the quality of the research and the validity of the research results. Random sampling means that researchers use probability methods in the sampling process to strictly follow the random principle. Sample, the sample has a high representativeness. Purposive sampling means that researchers select samples based on hypothetical purposes and subjective experience. This type of sampling is simple and easy, and individuals can be used to infer the population (Garvin, 1987). For example: Masson et al. (2007) conducted a purposeful sampling on 10 objects (including retailers, manufacturers, and logistics providers) located in different countries when studying the impact of management complexity on agile supply chains. Survey, information collected through semi-structured interviews. Muafi and Sulistio (2022) conducted a questionnaire survey on 183 small and medium-sized enterprises through purposeful sampling when exploring the relationship between green knowledge capital, supply chain integration, digital supply chain, supply chain agility, and corporate performance. Halim et al. (2016) conducted random convenience sampling interviews with managers of 5 manufacturing and retail firms to collect data when studying the impact of logistics and supply chain issues on firms. It can be seen that the researchers chose different sampling methods according to the different research designs to ensure the validity of the information.
3.7.4 Data Analysis ApproachesSummarizing previous studies, the researchers used different data analysis methods including causal analysis (Raza & Kilbourn,2017; Shaikh & Ahmed, 2022), analysis of variance (Sardar & Young, 2015), regression analysis (Hu & Shiauamp, 2015), correlation analysis (Mandari salient et al., 2022), structural equation model (Alvarenga et al., 2022; Muafi & Mukhsin & Neumann et al., 2021; Sulistio, 2022; Suryanto, 2022). It is worth noting that each data analysis technique has advantages and disadvantages, which will cause bias to the research results. Before reviewing the literature, the researchers (Hu & Shiau, 2015; Muafi &Sulistio, 2022; Mukhsin & Suryanto, 2022; Neumann et al., 2021; Shaikh &Ahmed, 2022; Shiralkar et al., 2021; Sulistio, 2022) conducted reliability and validity tests in the end, so as to effectively answer the question and ensure the validity and reliability of the research results.
3.8 Research gaps in previous literatureA review of 60 previous articles reveals that there are still significant research gaps in the field of fast fashion and in-house supply chain management, and this chapter will discuss these gaps comprehensively to inform future research gaps in the field.
On the one hand, due to the limitations of the sample in the previous literature, the research results may be biased. For example, researchers use different sampling methods, different sampling regions, different fast fashion brands, different types of industries, different sample sizes, different genders, different time to collect samples, and different selected departments. Representativeness, which introduces bias to the generalizability of the research results and makes the research results not widely applicable to other regions, other times or other types of enterprises.
On the other hand, technical operational problems and human errors may affect the accuracy of research results. For example, the number and quality of literature selected by researchers based on literature review, different search methods, and different research methods may have an impact on the research results. The self-administered surveys used by the researchers to conduct the case studies, the respondents' ability to understand the questionnaires, and the process of implementing a digital supply chain are all subject to technical operational issues and human error.
In addition, supply chains are complex and dynamic, and are influenced by many other factors besides those discussed in the previous literature. Methods of managing supply chains have evolved in response to different influencing factors, and new methods are yet to be developed. More factors and management methods can be explored in the future.
My research question has not been adequately addressed in the previous literature. From a practical point of view, inventory management is an important link in internal supply chain management, and the previous literature has not found an in-depth discussion of the impact of inventory management on fast fashion. Industry impact research. Therefore, new research is needed to better address my research questions, such as:
1. The impact of inventory management on the performance of the fast fashion industry.
2. The relationship between inventory management and fast fashion procurement.
Taken together, the research gaps and open research questions can serve as a guide for scholars interested in internal supply chain management and the fast fashion industry.
4. Chapter 4 Discussion4.1 Chapter OverviewThe focus of this chapter is to discuss the main contributions, limitations and future research directions of this study. This study comprehensively reviewed 60 articals in the field of fast fashion and supply chain management, and considered the influencing factors of supply and demand, systematically summarized the theoretical models and frameworks related to the research topic, and verified the impact of internal supply chain management on The positive impact of performance and competitive advantage in the fast fashion industry makes new theoretical contributions to academia, provides comprehensive guidance on supply chain practices in the fast fashion industry, and states methodological contributions.
4.2 Contribution of this Research
4.2.1 Theoretical ContributionThis study makes an important theoretical contribution to the academic community by reviewing the literature and synthesizing numerous research results in the fields of fast fashion and supply chain management. On the one hand, this study synthesizes almost all supply chain management strategies, such as establishing demand-driven supply chain, supply chain optimization, leagile strategy, etc., which further emphasizes the importance of internal supply chain management and defines fast fashion more broadly. Concept of supply chain management. On the other hand, this study synthesizes important theoretical models in this field, such as the customer-centric competitive priority method, the ultra-fast fashion model, the elastic combinatorial chain, and the sustainable development effort framework. This study enriches the theory of supply chain management in the context of fast fashion, and provides more comprehensive and in-depth information for scholars in this field to promote the development and application of theoretical knowledge.
4.2.2 Practical Contribution
Combining previous literature, this study provides comprehensive information related to fast fashion and supply chain management, which has important practical significance. On the one hand, this research helps fast fashion organizations gain a deep understanding of the complexity of the internal supply chain, strategically manage the internal supply chain, and comprehensively identify supply chain risks, improve resilience to deal with risks, and achieve optimal supply chain performance. First of all, fast fashion organizations need to consider the different factors affecting supply and demand, and establish a demand-driven supply chain. Secondly, fast fashion organizations must reset the internal supply chain, actively adopt innovative supply chain management strategies, improve the organization's current supply chain functions, and focus on inventory management to improve supply chain performance. In addition, fast fashion organizations should also focus on developing a portfolio of elastic capabilities and improving their ability to deal with supply chain risks in order to improve organizational performance and competitive advantage. On the other hand, this research will also help fast fashion customers better understand the characteristics of fast fashion retailers and fast fashion products, adjust their shopping behavior, and make strategic purchase decisions. In addition, this research will also help fast fashion suppliers and logistics companies to better understand the particularity of fast fashion, improve service quality and work process, follow the long-term customer-oriented goals, and establish sustainable social responsibility Close long-term cooperative relationship, jointly create outstanding value for customers.
4.2.3 Methodological ContributionThis study uses integrative reviews to extensively explore the impact of various factors of internal supply chain management on the performance and competitive advantage of the fast fashion industry, making contributions in terms of methodology. The Integrative reviews approach helps this study to more comprehensively and adequately summarize the content of the field, explain the impact of internal supply chain management on the fast fashion industry, and promote the development of theoretical knowledge.
4.3 LimitationsAlthough this study reviewed as many articles as possible related to the research topic and addressed the research question through a comprehensive review, there are still limitations.
On the one hand, the limited number of articles reviewed in this study makes the findings of the study limited. The current academic community has published a large number of research related to fast fashion and internal supply chain management, and it has continued to expand over time. However, this study only selected 60 peer-reviewed articles as the source of the research. The results of the study It does not cover all the content in this field, which leads to the insufficient research of some aspects in this study.
On the other hand, the various limitations of the research results of the previous literature affect the objectivity of this study. Due to the different research methods, sampling methods, data collection and analysis methods used in the previous literature, there are various limitations in the research results of the previous literature. This study is a review of these literature, therefore, this study inevitably also has these limitations.
The third limitation is that this study lacks the combination of theory and practice, which affects the validity of the research results. Since this research is based on literature review, although the research results summarize important theories related to this field, the validity of the research results is affected by the lack of practical research.
In addition, this study may have limitations due to the author's lack of experience and knowledge. Different scholars have different knowledge and experience, and have different views on issues. The author selects literature and conducts research according to subjective preferences, which may bring bias to the research results.
4.4 Future ResearchConsidering the limitations of this study, future research should incorporate more literature related to fast fashion and internal supply chain management, and focus on the combination of theory and practice, focusing on developing research related to fast fashion inventory management.
Inventory management is an important research direction in this field in the future. From a practical point of view, the degree of inventory management plays an important role for fast fashion organizations to meet customer demand, create performance and enhance competitive advantage (Halim et al., 2016). If insufficient inventory will not be able to meet customer demand, excess inventory will cause a backlog of goods, thereby affecting organizational performance and competitive advantage. Therefore, good inventory management plays a decisive role in business performance and competitive advantage. Previous research has not made an in-depth discussion on the inventory management of the fast fashion industry. Future research should explore more about how inventory management affects the supply chain of the fast fashion industry.
5. Reference ListAlvarenga, M. Z., et al. (2021).Is your supply chain ready for the next disruption? Building resilient chains.Revista de Administrao de Empresas,62. https://www.scielo.br/j/rae/a/Wk3CqrTbfx6ymqkqKqSvSFs/?format=html&lang=en
Ardvin Kester, S. O., Cleofas, M. A., Prasetyo, Y. T., Chuenyindee, T., Young, M. N., Diaz, J. F. T., Nadlifatin, R., & Anak Agung Ngurah Perwira, R. (2021). Consumer Behavior in Clothing Industry and Its Relationship with Open Innovation Dynamics during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Open Innovation : Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(4), 211. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7040211
Arrigo, E. (2020). Global Sourcing in Fast Fashion Retailers: Sourcing Locations and Sustainability Considerations. Sustainability, 12(2), 508. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020508
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Beheshti-Kashi, S., Karimi, H. R., Thoben, K.-D., Ltjen, M., & Teucke, M. (2015). A survey on retail sales forecasting and prediction in fashion markets. Systems Science & Control Engineering, 3(1), 154-161.
Berndt, A. E. (2020). Sampling methods. Journal of Human Lactation, 36(2), 224-226.
Br, T. J., & Nmeth, P. (2022). Innovative methods and research directions in the field of logistics. IOP Conference Series. Materials Science and Engineering, 1237(1), 012011. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1237/1/012011
Birtwistle, G., Siddiqui, N., & Fiorito, S. S. (2003). Quick response: Perceptions of UK fashion retailers. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 31(2/3), 118-128. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/09590550310462010
Caro, F., & Martnez-de-Albniz, V. (2015). Fast fashion: Business model overview and research opportunities. In Retail supply chain management (pp. 237-264). Springer.
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Choi, T.-M. (2013). Fast fashion systems: Theories and applications (Vol. 4). CRC Press.
Choi, T.-M. (2016). Multi-period risk minimization purchasing models for fashion products with interest rate, budget, and profit target considerations. Annals of Operations Research, 237(1-2), 77-98. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-013-1453-x
Cooper, H. M. (1998). Synthesizing research: A guide for literature reviews (Vol. 2). Sage.
Counsell, C. (1997). Formulating questions and locating primary studies for inclusion in systematic reviews. Annals of internal medicine, 127(5), 380-387.
Dewalska-Opitek, A., & Biliska-Reformat, K. (2021). To What Extent Retail Chains Relationships with Suppliers Make the Business TrustworthyAn Empirical Study on Fast Fashion in Pandemic Times. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14(4), 153. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14040153
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El Hassan, L. (2020). AI based forecasting in fast fashion industry: a review. IOP Conference Series. Materials Science and Engineering, 827(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/827/1/012065
Fares, N., & Lebbar, M. (2019). Optimization of Fast Fashion Retail Supply Chain Processes: Overall Literature Review and Future Research Challenges. International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa, 45, 205-220. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/JERA.45.205
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Garvin, J. (1987). Sampling methods.
Ghoreishi, M., Bhandari, K., & Franconi, A. (2022). Smart Fashion Economy through a Data-Driven Circular Ecosystem: A Case Study. IOP Conference Series. Earth and Environmental Science, 1009(1), 012012. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1009/1/012012
Giri, C., Jain, S., Zeng, X., & Bruniaux, P. (2019). A detailed review of artificial intelligence applied in the fashion and apparel industry. IEEE Access, 7, 95376-95396.
Glass, G. V. (1976). Primary, secondary, and meta-analysis of research. Educational researcher, 5(10), 3-8.
Goldsby, T. J., Griffis, S. E., & Roath, A. S. (2006). MODELING LEAN, AGILE, AND LEAGILE SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGIES. Journal of Business Logistics, 27(1), 57-VII. http://ezproxy.eit.ac.nz/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/modeling-lean-agile-leagile-supply-chain/docview/212645144/se-2?accountid=39646
Greenhalgh, T., & Donald, A. (1997). Papers that summarize other papers (systematic reviews and metaanalysis). British Medical Journal, 315, 672-675.
Guercini, S., & Runfola, A. (2004). Sourcing strategies in clothing retail firms: product complexity versus overseas supply chain. Journal of Customer Behaviour, 3(3), 305-334.
Guercini, S., & Runfola, A. (2020). Adapting business models in buyer-seller relationships: paradoxes in the fast fashion supply chain. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing.
Halim Nik, N. A., Yaakub, S., & Subhan, M. (2016). Logistics and Supply Chain Related Issues Faced by Malaysian SMEs: A Case Study. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(3). http://ezproxy.eit.ac.nz/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/logistics-supply-chain-related-issues-faced/docview/1809615948/se-2
Hemantha, Y. (2021). Fashion Industry and Sustainability: A Circular Economy Approach. IUP Journal of Supply Chain Management, 18(4), 33-51. http://ezproxy.eit.ac.nz/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/fashion-industry-sustainability-circular-economy/docview/2633014000/se-2?accountid=39646
Hu, K.-L., & Shiau, R.-J. (2015). An empirical study of purchase intention on fast fashion goods in taiwan. International Journal of Organizational Innovation (Online), 7(3), 126-144. http://ezproxy.eit.ac.nz/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/empirical-study-purchase-intention-on-fast/docview/1645388310/se-2?accountid=39646
Ivanovska, L. P., Jovanovska, S. R., & Nestoroska, M. (2022). Responses for future supply chain disruptions. In (pp. 104-110). Varazdin: Varazdin Development and Entrepreneurship Agency (VADEA).
Jain, S., Bruniaux, J., Zeng, X., & Bruniaux, P. (2017). Big data in fashion industry. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering,
Jarka, S. (2018). The concept of building a supply chain in the fast fashion clothing industry. Acta Logistica, 5(4), 107-110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22306/al.v5i4.103
Jha, S. K., & Veeramani, S. (2021). Sorting Responsible Business Practices in Fast Fashion: A Case Study of Zara. Journal of Management and Public Policy, 12(2), 54-58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47914/jmpp.2021.v12i2.004
Kaviyani-Charati, M., Ghodsypour, S. H., & Hajiaghaei-Keshteli, M. (2022). Impact of adopting quick response and agility on supply chain competition with strategic customer behavior. Scientia Iranica. Transaction E, Industrial Engineering, 29(1), 387-411. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24200/sci.2020.53691.3366
Kedar, S., Bongale, A., Kumar, S., Kotecha, K., & Chander, P. (2021). Assessment of the Benefits of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) Adoption on Downstream Supply Chain Performance of the Retail Industry. Logistics, 5(4), 80. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics5040080
Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research methodology. In.
Levy, D. L. (1995). International sourcing and supply chain stability. Journal of International Business Studies, 26(2), 343. http://ezproxy.eit.ac.nz/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/international-sourcing-supply-chain-stability/docview/197165082/se-2
Linnenluecke, M. K., Marrone, M., & Singh, A. K. (2020). Conducting systematic literature reviews and bibliometric analyses. Australian Journal of Management, 45(2), 175-194.
Liz Barnes, M. M. U., & Gaynor Lea-Greenwood, M. M. U. (2006). Fast fashioning the supply chain: shaping the research agenda. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 10(3), 259-271. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/13612020610679259
Lucas Ramos, C., Farias Pereira, S. C., & Marcia Regina Santiago, S. (2020). Fast and ultra-fast fashion supply chain management: an exploratory research [A research on fashion supply chain management]. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 48(6), 537-553. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-04-2019-0133
Madhani, P. M. (2021). Retail Supply Chain Management: Building a Customer-Focused Approach with Competitive Priorities. IUP Journal of Supply Chain Management, 18(2), 7-27. http://ezproxy.eit.ac.nz/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/retail-supply-chain-management-building-customer/docview/2562579335/se-2?accountid=39646
Mandari, D., Hunjet, A., & Vukovi, D. (2022). The Impact of Fashion Brand Sustainability on Consumer Purchasing Decisions. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 15(4), 176. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15040176
Mandy Sheridan, M. M. U., Christopher Moore, M. M. U., & Karinna Nobbs, M. M. U. (2006). Fast fashion requires fast marketing: The role of category management in fast fashion positioning. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 10(3), 301-315. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/13612020610679286
Margaret Bruce, M. M. U., & Lucy Daly, M. M. U. (2006). Buyer behaviour for fast fashion. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 10(3), 329-344. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/13612020610679303
Masson, R., Iosif, L., MacKerron, G., & Fernie, J. (2007). Managing complexity in agile global fashion industry supply chains. International Journal of Logistics Management, 18(2), 238-254. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/09574090710816959
Meital Peleg, M., & Tal, A. (2022). Sustainable FashionRationale and Policies. Encyclopedia, 2(2), 1154. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2020077
Moh, M., & Suryanto, T. (2022). The Effect of Sustainable Supply Chain Management on Company Performance Mediated by Competitive Advantage. Sustainability, 14(2), 818. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020818
Neumann, H. L., Martinez, L. M., & Martinez, L. F. (2021). Sustainability efforts in the fast fashion industry: consumer perception, trust and purchase intention. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 12(3), 571-590. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-11-2019-0405
Otto, A., & Kotzab, H. (2003). Does supply chain management really pay? Six perspectives to measure the performance of managing a supply chain. European journal of operational research, 144(2), 306-320.
Pretious, M., & Love, M. (2006). Sourcing ethics and the global market: The case of the UK retail clothing sector. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 34(12), 892-903. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/09590550610714620
Raza, D. N., & Kilbourn, P. J. (2017). The impact of point-of-sale data in demand planning in the South African clothing retail industry. Journal of Transport and Supply Chain Management, 11. http://ezproxy.eit.ac.nz/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/impact-point-sale-data-demand-planning-south/docview/1939033501/se-2?accountid=39646
Runfola, A., Milanesi, M., & Guercini, S. (2021). Rethinking interaction in social distancing times: implications for business-to-business companies. The Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 36(13), 105-115. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-05-2020-0242
Schoenherr, T. (2009). Logistics and supply chain management applications within a global context : an overview. Journal of Business Logistics, 30(2), 1-VII. http://ezproxy.eit.ac.nz/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/logistics-supply-chain-management-applications/docview/212599388/se-2?accountid=39646
Shaheen, S., & Young Hae, L. (2015). Analysis of Product Complexity considering Disruption Cost in Fast Fashion Supply Chain. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2015. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/670831
Shaikh, A., & Ahmed, W. (2022). Understanding influence of supply chain relationships in retail channels on risk management. Decision, 49(1), 153-176. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s40622-022-00308-x
Shankar, V., Kalyanam, K., Setia, P., Golmohammadi, A., Seshadri, T., Douglass, T., Hennessey, J., Bull, J. S., & Waddoups, R. (2021). How Technology is Changing Retail. Journal of Retailing, 97(1), 13-27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2020.10.006
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Teng, S. G., & Jaramillo, H. (2005). A model for evaluation and selection of suppliers in global textile and apparel supply chains. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 35(7/8), 503-523. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/09600030510615824
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Walters, D. (2008). Demand chain management+response management=increased customer satisfaction. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 38(9), 699-725. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/09600030810925980
Whittemore, R., & Knafl, K. (2005). The integrative review: updated methodology. Journal of advanced nursing, 52(5), 546-553.
Wu, M. (2021). Optimization of E-Commerce Supply Chain Management Process Based on Internet of Things Technology. Complexity, 2021. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5569386
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Yoon, N., Ha Kyung, L., & Ho Jung, C. (2020). Fast Fashion Avoidance Beliefs and Anti-Consumption Behaviors: The Cases of Korea and Spain. Sustainability, 12(17), 6907. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su12176907
Zhou, X., Meng, J., Wang, G., & Qin, X. (2021). A demand forecasting model based on the improved Bass model for fast fashion clothing [Fast fashion clothing]. International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, 33(1), 106-121. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCST-08-2019-0114
6. Appendices6.1 Application for researchApplication for Research Approval (Postgraduate)
Document Name Application for Research Approval (Postgraduate)
Document Number AG210-7
Owner Chair of Strategic Research Committee
Developer Chair of Strategic Research Committee
Link to electronic form or template
RAD Form (Postgraduate Qualifications Only)
APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL OF RESEARCH ACTIVITY
1.
2. -3606800970280PGISP9.400 Independent Scholarly Project/ Master of Applied Management
PGISP9.400 Independent Scholarly Project/ Master of Applied Management
-36068001624330Eastern Institute of Technology- Business Faculty
Eastern Institute of Technology- Business Faculty
-3606800206692502902017503
02902017503
-36068002509520Dr Dobrila Lopez
DLopez@eit.ac.nz
Dr Dobrila Lopez
DLopez@eit.ac.nz
-36068003427095Internal supply chain management effect on fast fashion industry
Internal supply chain management effect on fast fashion industry
-3606800404304518 July 2022---2 December
18 July 2022---2 December
Applicant details
2399665-26670Huijuan Han
64648678@qq.com
Huijuan Han
64648678@qq.com
1.1 Name of Applicant(s)
1.1a Applicants email address
1.2 Applicant enrolled qualification
1.3 School and Faculty
1.4 Contact Phone
1.5 Supervisor(s)
1.5a Supervisor(s) email
addresses
1.6 Project Title
1.7 Project Start Date and Duration
Research Outline
A research proposal may be requested by the committee.
2.1 Aims/objectives/hypotheses of project (describe in plain language,freefromjargon)
Aims/objectives/hypotheses of project:
This research aims to explain the impact of internal supply chain management on fast fashion industry. Base on previous literature, the purpose of this study is developing a theoretical framework to analyse the internal supply chain management to examine the effects on fast fashion industry.
Hypotheses: What is the effect of Internal Supply Chain on fast fashion industry?
2.2 Participants (include information on the participantpopulation, inclusion and exclusion criteria, number and age range ofparticipants, method ofrecruitment and any payment or reward ofered)
Please note that there are no participants in the MAPM9.400 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no primary data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications. 2.3. Explain the data collection methodology (submit questionnaires, interview /focus group questions, etc., who will actually collect the data, where will data collection actually take place.)
Please note that there is no primary data collection in the MAPM9.400 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no primary data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications.
2.4 Data analysis and storage (explain your data analysis procedures and data storage and retention plan)
Please note that there is no primary data analysis and storage in the MAPM9.400 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no primary data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications.
2.5 How will the data be reported, and to whom? (what reports, presentations and/or publications are planned)
Please note that there is no primary data to be reported in the MAPM9.400 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no primary data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications.
3. Will the research
3.1 Collect confidential, personal or financial information?
Please note that there is no confidential, personal or financial information in the MAPM9.400 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no primary data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications. No
3.2 Involve more than minimal risk?
Please note that there is minimal risk in the MAPM9.400 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no primary data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications. No
3.3 Involve vulnerable participants?
Please note that there are no vulnerable participants in the MAPM9.400 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no primary data collection. This course only includes the following chapters No
of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and
Discussion/Research Implications. 3.4 Record research participants on audio or videotape? Please note that there are no research participants on audio or videotape in the MAPM9.400 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no primary data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and Discussion/Research Implications. No 3.5 Involve or impact upon Maori? Please note that there are no Maori participants in the MAPM9.400 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no primary data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and
Discussion/Research Implications. No 3.6 Use of proprietary internet survey software (e.g. Google Forms, SurveyMonkey, Zoomerang)
Please note that there is no use of internet survey software in the MAPM9.400 Independent Scholarly Project (ISP). This is because in this course there will be no primary data collection. This course only includes the following chapters of an ISP; Introduction, Literature Review (including literature from publically published academic journals), Methodology (Proposed) and
Discussion/Research Implications. No Signature of the Applicant: -2017395687705
-1057275687705
Date:1August 2022
Principal Supervisor Signature Date: 2022
6.2 Approval letter
6.3 Supervisor submission agreement
Supervisor Submission Agreement- Independent Scholarly ProjectSubmission details
Student Name:Huijuan Han Student ID No:2021003555Principal Supervisor:Dr Dobrila LopezAssociate Supervisor: NONEISP title: Internal supply chain management effect on fast fashion industry
Submission agreement
The purpose of this form is to ensure that submitted Independent Scholarly Projects (ISP) are sufficiently well prepared to undergo timely examination. Supervisors are asked to confirm the statements below prior to the ISP being sent for examination. In the event that a supervisor is not willing to certify that an ISP is sufficiently well prepared, written comments detailing the supervisors concern should be attached to this form. Students are required to countersign the form to indicate awareness of the supervisors comments. Please note, a student can request examination of an ISP even if the supervisor has not signed off for examination. In this circumstance the examiner will be advised the ISP has not been signed off and is being examined at the students request.
Principal Supervisor Associate Supervisor (If appointed)
In my opinion the ISP is sufficiently well prepared to be examined. AgreedNONEThe research and writing embodied in the ISP are those of the candidate except where due reference is made in the text. AgreedNONEAssistance provided during the research phase (if undertaken) has been appropriately described and acknowledged. AgreedNONEEditorial assistance in the writing of the ISP has been appropriately described and acknowledged. AgreedNONEI confirm that all required ethics approval processes have been obtained for this project. AgreedNONESign off
Student signature: Date 30/11/2022Principal supervisor signature: Date 30/11/2021Associate supervisor (if appointed) signature: Date NONEISP approved for examination:ConfirmedCourse co-ordinator signature: Date
4584701054735
6.4 Annotated bibliographyCritical notes (annotated bibliography) template
No 1. Full bibliographical information of the article
The impact of point-of-sale data in demand planning in the South African clothing retail industry
Raza, D., & Kilbourn, P. (2017). The impact of point-of-sale data in demand planning in the South African clothing retail industry.Journal of Transport and Supply Chain Management,11(1), 1-8. https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.4102/jtscm.v11i0.304
Key words Capital costs; Clothingindustry; Retailingindustry; Supply chain management;Value chain; Retailstores; Supply chains;Business forecasts; Sales forecasting;InventoryEvaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) This article is from ProQuest Database Center, A peer-reviewed academic journal, Category A in Journal Rankings, has been cited 13 times, and is published in Johannesburg of Transport and Supply Chain Management; The author works in the supply chain field and has rich experience in supply chain management. These ensure the credibility and quality of the article.
Research question(s)/objectives
How can retailers in the apparel industry in South Africa use POS data to predict customer demand for effective demand planning
Key literature this article cites
Williams, B.D. & Waller, M.A., 2011, Top-down versus bottom-up demand forecasts: The value of shared point-of-sale data in the retail supply chain, Journal of Business Logistics 32(1), 1726. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2158-1592.2011. 01002.x
What theory is cited and/or tested? The use of POS data in demand planning can improve the accuracy of demand forecast
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question? This is a qualitative study, using heterogeneous targeted sampling with non-probabilistic sampling to select samples. The sample is based on a combination of the company list of the National Apparel Retail Federation of South Africa and well-known digital brand providers, and 8 retail stores are selected as samples considering the number of retailers' outlets Data collection followed the induction principle and semi-structured questionnaires were used to interview middle and senior managers in charge of demand planning. Data analysis was carried out using grounded theory. The research methods adopted in this study properly answered the research questions On the other hand, the study avoided bias by using a consistent collection method. In addition, the data analysis established credibility through the crystallization processWhat are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? This study found that point-of-sale (POS) data is a basic factor in the demand planning process of apparel retail companies, and a large amount of point-of-sale data can improve the accuracy of demand forecasting. This paper is persuasive. On the one hand, the author pointed out that the current business environment requires that the supply chain management of enterprises should not only be value-driven, but also consumer-oriented Effective demand planning helps organizations understand and respond to consumer needs, ensure supply and demand match, and create superior value for consumers On the other hand, it explains that demand planning is an important part of supply chain management. By forecasting sales to create a demand plan consistent with inventory plan and financial objectives, it helps organizations to understand and respond to consumer demand, ensure that supply and demand match, and create excellent value for consumers
Why is this piece of research important?
The study highlights the impact of demand-driven supply chains on a firm's competitive advantage and finds that effective demand planning based on point of sale (POS) data can create superior value for an organization and provide avenues for supply chain management practices
Key conclusions or recommendations
POS data plays an important role in the process of demand planning and is rising. Digital technology plays an important role in the process of POS data collection, dissemination and use. Attention should be paid to the timeliness of data to avoid technical problems and human errors. Use qualitative variables in demand planning; Harness the potential of local sourcing in the garment industry
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? This report advances our understanding of the topic by introducing the importance of demand planning in supply chain activities, as well as the strengths and limitations of point-of-sale data in practice. In addition, this report describes research shortcomings and future research opportunities
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply? On the one hand, the samples selected by purposeful sampling may not be the most representative, and the research results may be biased. On the other hand, the sampling scope is provided by the memorandum of the association registered by the enterprise, so the samples are limited. In addition,POS data users have technical operational issues and human errors that may affect the accuracy of the data
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? My research topic is the impact of internal supply chain management on the fast fashion industry. This article discusses the impact of point of sale data on demand planning in the supply chain of the clothing retail industry. Demand planning is an important part of supply chain management
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? There are a lot of literature on supply chain management in this field, but there are few researches on the topic of point of sale (POS) data, and there is no empirical research on demand-driven supply chain in the field of apparel retail. This paper fills in the gap in this aspect
No 2. Full bibliographical information of the article Managing complexity in agile global fashion industry supply chains
Masson, R., Iosif, L., MacKerron, G., & Fernie, J. (2007). Managing complexity in agile global fashion industry supply chains.International Journal of Logistics Management,18(2), 238-254. https://doi.org/10.1108/09574090710816959
Key words Supply chain management, Globalization, Fashion industry, Agile production, United Kingdom
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) This is a credible and high quality article from the ProQuest Database Center, which has been cited 231 times. It was published in the International Journal of Logistics Management in the UK. The authors of this article are experts in the field of supply chain and operations management
Research question(s)/objectives
In the context of globalization, how can the fast fashion industry effectively manage the complex product supply
Key literature this article cites
Christopher, M., Lowson, R. and Peck, H. (2004)"Creatingagilesupplychainsinthefashionindustry", International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 32 No. 8, pp. 367-76.
What theory is cited and/or tested?
Agility can be used to manage the supply chain of fast fashion industry more effectively
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question?
Based on qualitative research, this paper adopts the targeted sampling method, collects information through semi-structured interviews and seminars, and effectively answers the research questions. On the one hand, the targeted sampling method chosen by the author improves the credibility of the samples. The sample framework involves the entire supply chain of the global garment industry, and the 10 subjects interviewed in this study involve retailers and manufacturers The sampling area covers different countries (UK, China and Romania). On the other hand, the collection method used in this study ensures the validity of the data
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The author introduces that the complexity of supply chain mainly comes from the wide supplier base under the background of globalization and the complex features of fast fashion products. The author emphasizes the important role of agility in supply chain management and effectively answers the question On the one hand, agile management of retailers positively affects supply chain performance; on the other hand, intermediary organizations located in low-cost countries have agile value and can best achieve agile supply. In addition, applying agile management to innovative products can positively influence the future supply chain
Why is this piece of research important?
By analyzing the agile supply chain management practices of British clothing retailers, this study provides a reference for effectively managing the supply of fast fashion products in the global environment, and provides a new perspective for supply chain managers to deal with the complex supply chain, which is of original value
Key conclusions or recommendations
Adopting Agility to manage supply chains in a complex global environment can effectively manage innovative high-margin and fast fashion product supply. Adopting agility management in demand-driven supply chains can help enterprises achieve competitive advantage. Agile supply chains not only require the adoption of agile management by retailers, but also need to leverage the value of agile management by intermediaries in low-cost countries Organizations achieving agility in the context of globalization can improve the speed and flexibility of the supply network by leveraging a broad supplier base, point-of-sale data, innovative products and the value of middlemen
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? This paper identifies the importance of existing practices by examining the entire supply chain associated with agile supply for apparel industry retailers and brings those most relevant supply types into clearer focus. It also identifies key elements of contemporary supply chain management practices, namely the increasing use of global supplies of innovative products and the value of agile management in intermediaries
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply?
Although this paper finds a general method to effectively manage supply chain through case analysis, supply chain is complex and dynamic, and it is also affected by many other factors, so this is not the only method, there should be other methods
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? My research topic is the impact of internal supply chain management on the fast fashion industry. The agile management of the fast fashion supply chain mentioned in this paper is consistent with my research, and the outsourcing strategy mentioned in this paper is the characteristic of the fast fashion industry. By outsourcing relevant business to intermediary organizations in low-cost countries, the agile management of the supply chain can be better carried out and the supply chain risks can be effectively reduced This discovery deepened my understanding of Agile management
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? Other literature focuses on the study of agile management of supply chain based on theory, while this paper discusses the impact of agile management on complex supply chain from the agile practice of the entire supply chain of fast fashion industry
No 3. Full bibliographical information of the article Buyer behaviour for fast fashion
Bruce, M., & Daly, L. (2006). Buyer behaviour for fast fashion.Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/13612020610679303/full/html?fullSc=1&fullSc=1
Key words Fashion industry, Buying behaviour, Suppliers, Sourcing
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) This is a credible and high quality literature from the PreQuest Database Center and has been peer reviewed. It was published in the Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management and has been cited 479 times.
Research question(s)/objectives
What factors influence fast fashion purchasing behavior?
What are the key parameters of the fast fashion environment?
What impact do these parameters have on procurement activities?
What method do you choose to build relationships with suppliers?
How does the organization of internal processes support fast fashion
Key literature this article cites
Naylor, J.B., Naim, M.M. and Berry, D. (1999), Leagility: integrating the lean and agile
manufacturing paradigms in the total supply chain, International Journal of Production
Economics, Vol. 62, pp. 107-18.
What theory is cited and/or tested?
Leagility management is needed for supply chain management in fast fashion industry
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question?
This study is a case study based on qualitative research. This study has an in-depth understanding of the procurement methods and processes adopted by fast fashion companies, and effectively answers the questions. On the one hand, the author selects samples through a purposeful sampling method, collects data through semi-structured interviews, interviews the purchasing management staff of fast fashion companies, and interviews overseas agents This ensures the validity of the data. On the other hand, the study also uses a large number of secondary materials for qualitative analysis, including company documents, newspaper reports, trade magazines, websites and market reports, which improves the accuracy of the data. In addition, the researchers also involve the interviewees in the development of case studies to ensure the validity and reliability of the research
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The results show that current fast fashion sourcing practices include global sourcing and local sourcing, and are characterized by lean. The research also finds that trust plays a key role in the relationship between suppliers and retailers, and integrating key processes within a company helps speed up purchasing decisions. The author draws reliable conclusions by analyzing Leagile strategy The author explains that Agile is suitable for managing innovative products with unpredictable demand, and lean is suitable for basic products with predictable demand. The combination of the two approaches not only helps to balance the delivery time and cost of products, but also helps to balance the ratio of basic products to innovative products. In conclusion, Leagile strategy can be adopted for enterprises in supply chain management Industry creates higher value
Why is this piece of research important?
The study not only mentions that the relationship between business and supplier is based on trust and that digital technology plays an important role in procurement practices, but also points out that it is critical to balance the ratio of innovative products to basic styles in supply chain management practices, which is a new finding In addition, the study again highlights the importance of demand forecasting for purchasing strategies, the suitability of point-of-sale data for forecasting basic products, innovative products that cannot be predicted, and the Leagile approach to supply chain management.
Key conclusions or recommendations
The complexity of fast fashion creates challenges for sourcing activities, and retailers not only need to adjust their internal processes to manage the fast fashion cycle, but also need to review their external supply base to meet cost and time demands
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? This paper firstly introduces the influencing factors of purchasing practice in the context of fast fashion, including time cost and fashion buying cycle. Then, it discusses how strategic purchasing plays its role through case analysis. Finally, it points out that enterprises can adopt the strategy combining agile and lean when managing supply chain through research and gives specific suggestions and future research opportunities
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply?
The number of companies surveyed in this study is limited, while there are many brands in the fast fashion sector that need to be studied more extensively
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? This paper reveals the importance of procurement practices, and points out that in the context of fast fashion, it is possible to adopt a mixed procurement method of overseas and local, establish a mixed long-term and short-term relationship with suppliers through trust, manage the supply chain through a combination of agile and lean strategies, and effectively integrate internal processes and functions of the company to promote procurement strategies This is closely related to my research and provides a detailed theoretical basis for my research
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? At present, there have been many researches on supply chain management in the context of fast fashion. What makes this paper different is that it is based on the purchasing practice of fast fashion retailers, which highlights the strategic significance of the purchasing function and provides new insights for future research
No 4. Full bibliographical information of the article Sustainability efforts in the fast fashion industry: consumer perception, trust and purchase intention
Neumann, H. L., Martinez, L. M., & Martinez, L. F. (2021). Sustainability efforts in the fast fashion industry: consumer perception, trust and purchase intention.Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal,12(3), 571-590. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-11-2019-0405
Key words Corporate social responsibility, Sustainability, Fashion marketing, Environmentally conscious consumer behaviourEvaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) This is a credible and high quality literature, which has been cited 52 times, sourced from the ProQuest database, peer-reviewed, published in Bingley's Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, and the authors of this paper are all professionals in the field of education business and economics, with rich theoretical and practical experience
Research question(s)/objectives
What are the factors that influence consumers' attitude and willingness to buy sustainable products in the fast fashion industry?
Key literature this article cites
Kang, J. and Hustvedt, G. (2014), Building trust between consumers and corporations: the role of
consumer perceptions of transparency and social responsibility, Journal of Business Ethics,
Vol.125No.2,pp.253-265,doi:10.1007/s10551-013-1916-7.
What theory is cited and/or tested?
Consumers' perceived attitude towards social responsibility and trust influence their purchase intention of sustainable products in the fast fashion industry
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question?
In this study, 216 consumers from different parts of the world were randomly surveyed by online questionnaires, and the partial least squares structural equation model was used for data analysis to conduct quantitative research on the research issues. The reliability and validity of the research were tested to ensure the validity and credibility of the research results
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The author points out that on the one hand, consumers' concept of social responsibility directly and positively affects consumers' attitude towards fast fashion brands, and the effectiveness of trust and perception. He also points out that trust is a direct factor that triggers consumers' purchase intention On the other hand, neither consumer attitudes nor consumer perceived efficacy predicted purchase intention, but environmental sustainability and fast fashion brand sustainability increased trust among consumers
Why is this piece of research important?
This study explores the factors that affect customers' purchase intention for sustainable products in the fast fashion industry, and develops a framework to explain the relationship between perceived social responsibility, consumer attitude, trust, purchase intention and perceived consumption effectiveness, and verifies the importance of sustainability strategy in improving consumer trust and brand image This study makes an important contribution to the sustainability field of the fast fashion industry
Key conclusions or recommendations
The social responsibility efforts of the fast fashion industry not only directly affect consumers' attitude towards these brands, but also play an important role in improving consumers' trust in the brands and their personal sense of empowerment (i.e. the perceived effectiveness of consumers). Consumers' trust is a direct factor affecting the purchase intention, while the effectiveness of attitude and perception cannot be directly translated into the purchase intention Integrating sustainability into the fast fashion industry can lead to great prospects for all stakeholders. Sustainability should not be seen as a constraint, but rather as an opportunity
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? This study explores individual consumer perceptions of environmental issues, as well as the impact of the fast fashion industry's efforts towards sustainability on consumer perceptions, and analyzes how consumer perceptions are translated into willingness to buy sustainable clothing
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply?
The survey object of this study is mainly young women, which has limitations, and the research content is about consumer attitudes towards sustainability, which brings the influence of social desirability bias to the research
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? This article emphasizes the role of sustainability strategy in the fast fashion industry in improving customer trust, brand image and corporate competitive advantage, which will provide strong evidence for the necessity of adopting sustainable supply chain strategy in my research
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? Most of the literature in this field is about the sustainability strategy of enterprises' supply chain management. This study not only introduces sustainability into supply chain management, but also comprehensively explores the influence of consumers' attitude and cognition of sustainability, trust and effective perception on their purchase intention of sustainable products
No 5. Full bibliographical information of the article THE CONCEPT OF BUILDING A SUPPLY CHAIN IN THE FAST FASHION CLOTHING INDUSTRY
Jarka, S. (2018). The concept of building a supply chain in the fast fashion clothing industry.Acta logistica,5(4), 107-110. https://www.actalogistica.eu/issues/2018/IV_2018_02_Jarka.pdf
Key words supply chain, nearsourcing, fast fashion
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) This is a peer-reviewed academic journal, has been cited 5 times, from ProQuest Data Center This article was published in Semsa's Acta Logistica, the author of the article is a researcher in the field of economics, the article is credible
Research question(s)/objectives
What's special about the fast fashion industry?
What is the Role of fast fashion business Strategy in Building Competitive Advantage?
The development direction of fast fashion industry supply chain
Key literature this article cites
HOUT, T., PORTER, M.E., RUDDEN, E.: How global
companies win out, Harvard Business Review, Vol.
1982, No. 5, p. 9-10, 1982.
What theory is cited and/or tested?
The fast fashion industry should adapt to the complex environmental changes, reset the supply chain and improve the function of the supply chain
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question?
This paper is a qualitative study through literature review, and draws a conclusion by logical reasoning through literature analysis and comparison, which effectively answers the question
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? Study finds that in order to adapt to the constant changes in the environment, the fast fashion industry needs to optimize the supply chain and effectively configure or reconfigure the supply chain to establish a competitive advantage. The author explains that with the rapid changes in the environment, the trend of cost reduction in global supply chain management will become less and less obvious It points out that the supply chain should be reconfigured, with emphasis on agile management, digital application and sustainable strategy to create competitive advantage
Why is this piece of research important?
By showing the particularity of the supply chain of the garment industry, this study points out the necessity of reconfiguring the supply chain in the current environment, and points out the development direction of the supply chain
Key conclusions or recommendations
The study found that the ability to respond quickly in the fast fashion industry determines the market position of the organization, the trend of reducing logistics costs in the supply chain has been weakening, enterprises should reconfigure the supply chain, establish flexible digital management and sustainable supply chain. Future supply chain practices should focus on nearby sourcing, digital application and the value of the logistics company
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? This study points out that the product life cycle of fast fashion industry is short, the launch frequency of new products is high, the customer expectation is constantly growing, the demand and supply are rapidly changing, and the industry competition is intensified. The fast fashion industry needs to optimize the supply chain management and effectively configure the supply chain to adapt to the constant changes in the corporate environment The study also points out that speed and time and allocation are priorities in the concept of fast fashion. Allocation includes multiple localized war readiness and globalization strategy.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply?
The defect of this paper is that the number of literature reviews is too small, and many factors in the complex supply chain have not been considered
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? This paper introduces the particularity of the fast fashion supply chain, discusses the important role of supply chain management, emphasizes the necessity of reconfiguring the supply chain, and points out the development direction of the supply chain in the future, which provides an important theoretical basis for my research
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? While the previous literature focused on supply chain management strategy, this paper emphasizes the importance of supply chain optimization in the fast fashion industry and points out the future development trend of supply chain
No 6.. Full bibliographical information of the article Fast and ultra-fast fashion supply chain management: an exploratory research
Lucas, R. C., Farias Pereira, S. C., & Marcia Regina, S. S. (2020). Fast and ultra-fast fashion supply chain management: an exploratory research.International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management,48(6), 537-553. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-04-2019-0133Key words Ultra-fast fashion, Fast fashion, Fashion industry, Supply chain management
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) It's a peer-reviewed academic Journal, 40 citations from ProQuest Data Center by a researcher in business management published in the International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, is a credible and high quality article
Research question(s)/objectives
Strategic Differences between fast fashion and ultra-fast fashion supply chain management
Key literature this article cites
Weinswig, D. (2017), Fast fashion speeding toward ultrafast fashion, available at: https://coresight. com/research/fast-fashion-speeding-toward-ultrafast-fashion/ (accessed 19 May 2017).
What theory is cited and/or tested?
Ultrafast fashion is faster than fast fashion and can respond to consumer needs more quickly
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question?
This is a qualitative study, which combines literature analysis with case analysis. This study collects data through targeted sampling and in-depth interviews. Seven experts with rich experience in the fast fashion industry are selected by the researchers through the linkedin platform for interviews Targeted sampling method can obtain qualified samples, improve the availability of data, experienced experts can accurately answer questions, and ensure the effectiveness of data.
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The study finds that ultrafint-fashion can meet customer needs faster and create performance and competitive advantages for enterprises. The author points out that ultrafint-fashion is a direct-to-consumer business model, which adopts agility Lean and responsive supply chain strategy, focusing on the production of clothing on demand, without excess inventory or the lowest reasonable inventory, vertically integrated e-commerce, close contact with suppliers, adopt onshore or nearshore production and point out that fast fashion adopts lean and agile supply chain management strategy, technology has become a tool for enterprises to improve competitiveness Clearly explains the important impact of super fast fashion on supply chain management
Why is this piece of research important?
The study contrasts the differences between fast fashion and ultra-fast fashion business models and proposes an innovative approach to supply chain management for the fast fashion industry
Key conclusions or recommendations
Ultrafine fashion focuses on the development of technical capabilities and adopts agile and lean supply chain management to meet consumer demand faster than fast fashion. Ultrafine fashion can be regarded as an important link in the fashion industry and an innovative way for fast fashion to meet consumer demand Consumer demand has been a major driver of the rise of the concept of ultra-fast fashion, a direct-to-consumer business model
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? By comparing the differences between fast fashion and ultra-fast fashion, this paper points out that ultra-fast fashion is an innovative way of fast fashion to meet the needs of consumers.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply?
There are limitations in the time and samples used in this study, and this study is considered from the perspective of the purchasing company, which may bias the answers to the research questions and results.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? This study explains the management method of fast fashion supply chain from a new perspective, which will bring special perspectives to my research.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? There are a lot of researches on the fast fashion supply chain at present, but there is no research on the new concept of ultra-fast fashion.
No 7. Full bibliographical information of the article IS YOUR SUPPLY CHAIN READY FOR THE NEXT DISRUPTION? BUILDING RESILIENT CHAINSAlvarenga, M. Z., de Oliveirai, M.,Paulo Valadares, Zanquetto Filhoi, H., Desouza, K. C., & Ceryno, P. S. (2022). IS YOUR SUPPLY CHAIN READY FOR THE NEXT DISRUPTION? BUILDING RESILIENT CHAINS.Revista De Administrao De Empresas,62(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-759020220106
Key words Supply chain resilience, resilience capabilities, supply chain risk management, recovery, structural equation modeling.
Evaluation of credibility and quality of this article (authors authority/background, journal quality (peer-reviewed? Impact factor?), number of citations) This is a peer-reviewed article from the ProQuest database by a researcher in business administration and it was published in the Journal of Business Administration in Sao Paulo on the topic of Business and Economic management and since it's a recent article, it's only cited once.
Research question(s)/objectives
What is the impact of elastic capability mix on supply chain risk management.
Key literature this article cites
Alvarenga, M. Z., Oliveira, M. P. V. de, Zanquetto-Filho, H., & Santos, W. R. dos. (2018b, December). Do analyticallyoriented supply chains better manage risks? Journal of Operations and Supply Chain Management, 11(2), 32-45. doi: 10.12660/joscmv11n2p32-45
What theory is cited and/or tested?
The elastic capacity scheme and risk management interact with each other, and the elastic capacity combination and risk management jointly affect the supply chain elasticity
Empirical:
What research methods (sampling, data collection, data analysis) are used?
Are they appropriate and effective in answering the research question?
This is a quantitative study, which collects data through questionnaires and distributes questionnaires to 10 supply chain managers in manufacturing enterprises through targeted sampling Statistical methods were used to analyze the data, including confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The data were randomly submitted using three online questionnaires using a 7-point Likert scale, ranging from 1(strongly disagree) to 7(strongly agree).
What are the key findings? (summarize)
Can you accept the findings as convincing? Why or why not?
If they are convincing, how can I apply these findings to my own work? The authors explain that supply chain cannot recover from disruptions through supply chain risk management alone, but improving resilience (collaborative flexibility visibility and analytical orientation) will enable supply chain to better recover from disruptions The authors also point out that a supply chain must manage all of its resilience as a whole, rather than using each capacity individually to increase its resilience.
Why is this piece of research important?
Risk management is an important part of supply chain management. This study analyzes the relationship between elasticity and risk management, and provides enterprises with strategies in the field of supply chain risk management.
Key conclusions or recommendations
Supply chain risk management helps with prevention, but when it comes to disruptive events, a portfolio of resilient capabilities is effective. When a portfolio of resilient capabilities works together, it ensures better resilient outcomes. To improve the defenses of the supply chain, the supply chain must strive to develop a suite of resilient capabilities, including collaborative flexibility visibility and analytically oriented collaborative flexibility In addition, the study recommends that organizations increase the use of digital technologies to enhance trust and transparency of information among supply chain members.
Strengths of the research:
What is good about the paper?
How does it advance our understanding of the subject or how to research it? In this study, a new theoretical model is developed to verify the interaction between risk management and resilience, guide to improving supply chain resilience as a component of resilience together with other capabilities, and emphasize that the combination of resilience can effectively respond to supply chain disruptions.
Weaknesses/limitations of the research:
In what ways is it limited? When and where would it not apply?
This study only looks at collaborative flexibility visibility and analytical orientation and supply chain management as the resiliency suite. However, there are many other factors that affect resiliency, such as safety and security.
Relationship to my own research topic:
In what ways is it relevant?
What are the implications for your own research? This study discusses how to effectively improve the elasticity of supply chain to enhance the resilience of supply chain, which provides important reference information for my research.
Relationship to other papers read:
How does this paper relate to others I have read?
What are the similarities and differences? In the field of supply chain management, there are a lot of studies on risk management or elasticity, but there is no study on the impact of elastic capability combination on supply chain.
40081182931PGST9.100 SPECIAL TOPIC 2Evidence Portfolio 2024AUCKLAND
PGST9.100 SPECIAL TOPIC 2Evidence Portfolio 2024AUCKLAND
Assessment topic Annotated Bibliography
Assessment type Evidence Portfolio
Word restriction 500010% (excluding references)
Submission details Assessment submission will only be accepted via learning@EIT online by the due date. Please ensure your assessment has the correct cover page.
Your submission will be checked for plagiarism, which if detected will be considered a breach of EITs academic honesty policy. Please refer to the EIT study guide on plagiarism http://www2.eit.ac.nz/library/OnlineGuides/Plagiarism.pdfDo not use Artificial Intelligence tools to create or modify any part of your assessments. Artificial Intelligence tools include generative tools such as ChatGPT, paraphrasing tools such as
Grammarly, and other grammar-checking tools. If an assessment is found to contain any AI-generated content then this will be treated as a serious breach of Academic Integrity, and in most cases, the assessment will receive a grade of 0 (Zero). Repeated breaches of Academic Integrity may result in
termination of your studies.
Weighting 100% of overall course grade
Due date Monday 29 July, 10 am
Last reviewed January, 2024
Course learning outcomes covered LO1: Critically evaluate literature and information from other sources relevant to a problem or issue. LO2: Report findings of the review in a scholarly manner.
Background to this assessment This research report writing assessment, in the form of an annotated bibliography, is intended to develop your critical thinking, literature search, information analysis, evaluation, research writing, and
problem-solving skills.
Assessment Task You are required to provide an annotated bibliography of 10 recently published research articles.
These articles should be recent publications (within the last 5 years), peer-reviewed and authentic research articles related to your selected research topic (4000 10% words), excluding references/citations).
The annotated bibliography should critically review and evaluate recent and relevant research literature, referring to the background of the research, significance, methodology, contribution to the field, and quality.
Referencing should be in APA7 style. Please refer to the EIT-Te Pkenga study guide on writing an annotated bibliography: http://www2.eit.ac.nz/library/OnlineGuides/Bibliography%20and%20Annotated%20Bibliography.pdfAssessment Guidelines This assessment task requires you to search for and select a total of 10 recently published, peer reviewed, authentic research papers based on your selected research topic.
For each article write a brief (approx. 400 to 450 words) critical analysis and evaluation covering the background, significance, methodology, key findings, and strength and weaknesses of the research.
The annotation for each of your selected research articles may be presented as an unstructured paragraph OR in a structured format using the following sub-sections:
Background
Significance
Methodology
Findings
Strengths and weaknesses
Be sure to consider the assessment marking criteria below
PGST9.100 Special Topic 2 | MARKING CRITERIA | Auckland
PGST9.100 Special Topic 2 | MARKING CRITERIA | Auckland
Student name:
Student number:Date:
OVERALL GRADE:
Grade description
A grade (> 80%) B grade (65% - 79.9%) C grade (50% - 64.9%) Fail grade (<50%)
Demonstrates a Demonstrates an Demonstrates a general, Demonstrates little or
Research proficient command of the adequate level of knowledge fundamental understanding no understanding of the
knowledge
base subject matter.
Excels in explaining all of subject matter with only
minor gaps in knowledge- of the subject matter but
with some obvious gaps in subject matter.
Has not explained the
15% major points clearly and
concisely.
Demonstrates a base.
Explains most of the
major points clearly and the knowledge base.
Has attempted to explain
major points but not always major points clearly or
concisely.
Demonstrates very little
consistent ability to seek
out reliable information to
improve knowledge. concisely.
Demonstrates an
adequate ability to seek out successful at doing so clearly
and/or concisely.
Demonstrates some or no ability to seek out
information to improve
knowledge.
reliable information to ability to seek out improve knowledge. information to improve knowledge. Critique of Highly competent Adequate critiquing of Some critiquing of Poor or no critiquing of
the
information critiquing of information
presented.
Proficiently discusses information presented.
Adequately discusses the
published information to information presented.
Some discussion of the
published information to information presented.
Little or no discussion of
the published information
25% the published information
to produce a conclusion.
Proficiently supports a produce a conclusion.
Adequately supports a
conflicting viewpoint when produce a conclusion.
Some support of a
conflicting viewpoint when to produce a conclusion.
Little or no support of a
conflicting viewpoint when
conflicting viewpoint when responding to information responding to information responding to information
responding to information published in the literature. published in the literature. published in the literature.
published in the literature. Use of Uses a wide variety of Uses a range of relevant Uses some relevant Uses little relevant
academic relevant and up-to-date sources of information but literature but little of the literature and/or peer-
literature sources of information, not always the latest and/or latest and/or peer-reviewed reviewed literature, and/or
25% primarily from peer-
reviewed literature.
Presents all sources of peer-reviewed literature.
Presents most sources of information accurately in literature.
Presents some sources of information accurately in uses outdated literature.
Presents sources of information inaccurately
information accurately in
APA 7th style in the text and APA 7th style in the text and
reference list, with some APA 7th style in the text and
reference list, with many and/or not in APA 7th style.
Very few or no links
reference list.
Consistently integrates errors/omissions.
Generally integrates the errors/omissions.
Some integration of the made between the
literature and the
the literature as a
foundation for well-argued reasoning.
Proficient in literature as a foundation for
argument.
Adequate in paraphrasing
academic literature literature.
Demonstrates some ability to paraphrase
academic literature assessment topic / subject.
Demonstrates little ability to paraphrase
academic literature
paraphrasing academic accurately and concisely. accurately and concisely. accurately and concisely.
literature accurately and concisely. Linkage of Proficiently applies Adequately applies Shows some ability to Shows little or no ability
research to evidence-based research to evidence-based research to apply evidence-based to apply evidence-based
work work environment and/or work environment and/or to research to work research to work
environment to a New Zealand setting. a New Zealand setting. environment and/or to a environment and/or to a
15% New Zealand setting. New Zealand setting.
Academic Consistently presents Presents most of the Presents some of the Little or no logical flow
writing skills information in a logical information in a logical information in a logical to the delivery of
20% sequence.
Proficient formulation of sequence.
Adequate formulation of sequence.
Writing difficult to follow information.
Poor formulation
sentences and use of sentences and use of in places and/or numerous throughout and/or
grammar.
Consistently adheres to
the EIT Academic Writinggrammar.
Generally adheres to the
EIT Academic Writing Styleminor grammatical.
Sometimes adheres to the
EIT Academic Writing Stylenumerous grammatical
errors.
Rarely adheres to the
Style guidelines. guidelines. guidelines. EIT Academic WritingStyle guidelines.
OVERALL COMMENTS:
Code of Conduct for postgraduate ResearchIntroductionAcademic Board has approved this Code for the guidance of supervisors and students, with the expressed intent that all postgraduate supervision and scholarly activity is to be of a high standard. The Code is written in the belief that there is a reciprocal relationship and mutual accountability in supervision. It acknowledges and supports respect for individual autonomy and the pursuit of knowledge.
DefinitionsThe thesis is referred to throughout this document. However, in referring to a thesis - within particular programmes - this may be an independent research project at level 8 or 9, may vary in credit size and may have a different title.
Honours and Masterate Research by Creative Practice: Following the development of knowledge and understanding of the philosophical, methodological and ethical issues which underpin research, students may complete a 60 credit project at level 8 and a 60 credit equivalent thesis at level 9 demonstrating critical thinking, contextual review, visual arts inquiry, evaluation, analysis and interpretation, and clarity in written communication.
Thesis: A Thesis is a record of sustained independent research in which the candidates own work, as a point of reference or origin, forms a significant part of the intellectual enquiry of an appropriate topic. The thesis or Independent Scholarly Project/similar may be 30 or more credits. In the case of the Master of Professional Practice (Creative Practice), the thesis may consist of an exhibition and a bound, written exegesis.
Exegesis: An exegesis is essentially an exposition. It should be fundamentally connected to the creative body of work, answering the critical question How has the creative body of work been formed and developed?
Supervisors: The supervisors are academic staff members who act as advisors and mentors to guide the academic progress of a student to achieve his or her thesis objectives.
StudentsStudents Responsibilities
Students are expected to:
Make an appointment (either online or face to face) to discuss their proposed thesis with their supervisors and establish agreed roles, timelines and processes to be maintained between the supervisors and the student.
Develop a timeline schedule which outlines the expected meeting dates and completion dates of successive stages of the thesis. Establish, in conjunction with the supervisors, a date for final submission of the thesis.
Reflect on the advice and instruction provided by the supervisors. In consultation with the supervisors, the student will determine the applicability and suitability of that advice and instruction for the satisfactory progress of the thesis.
Be pro-active in raising matters which may be detrimental to satisfactory progress on the thesis.
Prior to starting data collection:
Present the proposed research to the Faculty/School/Programme graduate students and staff outlining the purpose of the research and methodology to be used; and
Ensure ethical approvals as may be required have been obtained, or if not required notification to the EIT Research and Ethics Approvals Committee has occurred.
Maintain progress in accordance with the agreed stages and timing of the research and thesis as outlined in the Supervision Contract.
Provide such evidence of work and documentation as may reasonably be requested and required by the supervisors from time to time to enable them to ensure that the student is progressing satisfactorily and according to the agreed time schedule.
Complete and submit Student Progress Reports as required.
Be familiar with the contents of the requisite materials which have been supplied on the form and structure of a thesis.
Be adequately prepared for each meeting with the supervisors.
Have and keep documented evidence, where necessary, that the thesis is their own work, and that in the process of having editorial assistance with language and style, the substance of the thesis is nonetheless unreservedly theirs. Any contribution from outside sources must be acknowledged.
Attend taught courses and tutorials and seminars, and arranging, where necessary, for other relevant instruction
Contribute to Faculty/School/Programme research seminars through both attendance and presentations
Ensure due acknowledgement of the academic and intellectual contribution of the supervisor in publications/presentations derived from the thesis.
SupervisorsSelection of Supervisors
When the student has identified a broad area for the thesis, the Course Coordinator will discuss with the student appropriate potential supervisors.
Normally for level 9 research, each student will have a Principal and an Associate Supervisor.
The Principal Supervisor shall be an EIT staff member.
The supervisors shall collectively meet the following criteria:
Have a degree higher or equivalent to the degree being supervised,
Be actively involved in research in the candidates general field,
Have a research record of standing, meaning publications in refereed, internationally circulated publications, within the last five years,
Have participated in an EIT Research Supervision and Examination workshop,
Have experience of supervising students to successful completion of a postgraduate degree, and
Be approved by the Head of School through the School Post Graduate Research Committee and notified to the PGPCC.
Individual negotiation between the student and potential supervisors will take place to ensure there is a supervisor who is prepared and qualified to supervise the student. The Supervision Contract form (refer Appendix 1) is completed.
The Supervisor(s)
Are the people to whom the student will turn for regular guidance.
Discuss with the student and establish agreed roles and processes to be maintained amongst the supervisor(s) and the student.
Provide the student with a Supervision Contract which establishes in writing mutual responsibilities and obligations throughout the research process.
Provide guidance on the nature of the thesis and on the standard of research that is appropriate to the level and credit value of the project. This information should be in writing.
Provide guidance for the student on project management including developing research objectives, integrating the research into the thesis, and writing objectives for each section of the proposed thesis.
Provide guidance on literature and information sources, and on research methods and techniques appropriate to the topic area and to the level and credit value of the thesis. This includes notifying the student of required attendance at taught courses and at tutorials and seminars, and arranging, where necessary, for other relevant instruction.
Provide information and guidance on the form and structure of the thesis/research project, including format and style.
Assist with the construction of a written timeline schedule which outlines the expected completion dates of successive stages of the thesis/research project.
Ensure that all research is conducted with prior ethical approval.
Advise the student to retain all written correspondence and written records of discussions between the supervisors and the student.
Maintain regular contact through formal scheduling of meetings and be accessible at reasonable times for providing the student with advice that is sought.
Expect written work as appropriate, and return that work with constructive criticism within a timeframe agreed with the student at the outset of the thesis or at other times as mutually agreed.
Where necessary, ensure that the student is made aware, in writing, of the inadequacy of progress and/or any work where the standard is below that generally accepted. Acceptability will be according to criteria previously supplied to the student.
Ensure the student has the opportunity to present work at postgraduate and/or staff seminars.
Discuss the ownership of research conducted by the student, issues of co-authorship, and issues of copyright of published papers arising from the thesis. (Refer to AG102-2 Recognition of Authorship Guidelines.)
For research at level 9, the supervisor will not be involved in the examination of a thesis s/he has supervised.
Absence of SupervisorsIf either supervisor is likely to be absent for an extended period, the student should be advised as soon as possible of the expected absence. The supervisor has the obligation, where possible, to inform the student prior to accepting the role of supervisor of any intended absence or to inform the student of the distance supervision arrangements that will be in place.
Where necessary, an appropriately qualified replacement supervisor shall be recommended by the Programme Coordinator. After negotiations between the intended supervisor and the student have been completed to the satisfaction of both parties, the Postgraduate Programmes Cluster Committee shall be advised.
Research Progress Reports
The student is required to submit a progress report to their Principal Supervisor (and Associate Supervisor, as applicable) in accordance with their scheduled timeline for thesis completion. In all cases the student must discuss their progress with their supervisors prior to completing and submitting the progress report. The supervisors will then forward the signed progress report to the Course Coordinator.
The overall progress will be considered by the Course Coordinator.
In the case of an unsatisfactory progress report, the Course Coordinator will provide:
Notification to the student that includes a request that the student attend an interview with the Course Coordinator, the Principal and Associate Supervisor to discuss a suitable progress plan and which also includes details of any other action or advice the student may wish to consider; and
notification of a warning to the student that further unsatisfactory progress reports may result in discontinuation of candidature; or
notification of discontinuation of candidature due to unsatisfactory progress. (Refer to Programme Regulations, Failure to achieve programme requirements).
Failure to submit a progress report will normally be deemed as unsatisfactory progress.
Mediation and Unsatisfactory Progress
If students consider that their work is not proceeding satisfactorily for reasons outside their control, or if they consider the terms of the Supervision Contract are not being upheld, they should:
Talk with their supervisors in the first instance;
Notify their supervisors in writing and arrange a meeting (face to face or video-conference) with their supervisor (and a mediator if desired) to discuss their concerns, and if that does not resolve their concerns satisfactorily;
Discuss the issue with the Programme Coordinator who will advise the steps taken to achieve resolution. Should this not result in a satisfactory outcome;
The student will make a meeting time (online or face to face) with the Head of School, who may request that the student present his/her concerns in writing with relevant documentary evidence. The Head of School shall investigate the matter and may advise the student how to proceed to the Postgraduate Programmes Cluster Committee for resolution.
-4445551180All research (Thesis) candidates must gain all necessary ethical and research approvals prior to starting to collect information/data for their project. You are required to liaise with your Principal Supervisor before commencing ethical approval requirements and written approval from your supervisors is an essential component of all applications.
00All research (Thesis) candidates must gain all necessary ethical and research approvals prior to starting to collect information/data for their project. You are required to liaise with your Principal Supervisor before commencing ethical approval requirements and written approval from your supervisors is an essential component of all applications.
Ethical/Research Approval Requirements
Candidates whose research involves:
human participants recruited in their capacity as:
consumers of health or disability support services, or
relatives or caregivers of such consumers, or
volunteers in clinical trials; or
human tissue; or
health information, your study is likely to require HDEC review.
In the case of the above, you must first follow the Health and Disability Ethics Committee (HDEC) flowchart. A link to this is available on the online site. Follow the instructions at the end of the form.
If you require HDEC approval, then go to http://ethics.health.govt.nz/
You may also be required to obtain Locality Approval at the health organisation(s) from where you are collecting data.
All applicants must complete the EIT Low Risk Questionnaire, and then complete either
The EIT Application for Research Approval (RAD) form, including the Informed Consent and Participant Information Sheet; or
The Research Notification Form, after either receiving approval from another ethics committee or having the project assessed as low risk.
Your employer may also require you to complete research/ethical approval forms and / or locality approval applications. Please ensure that you have contacted your employer or the relevant person in the relevant Institution to discuss your proposed research and the process for gaining institutional approval.
Thesis Submission
Process
Thesis submission deadlines are determined early in your enrolment into your Research course.
**Please refer to the published submission dates in your course study guide.
Final thesis submission
271145494030Originality Declaration (example)
I declare that the work presented in this <<Thesis>> is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, original and my own work, except as acknowledged in the text and reference pages.
Signed: _____________________________Date: _________
00Originality Declaration (example)
I declare that the work presented in this <<Thesis>> is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, original and my own work, except as acknowledged in the text and reference pages.
Signed: _____________________________Date: _________
When submitting the final thesis for examination, the student must include in the thesis a signed statement page confirming that the thesis is the candidates own original work.
In the event that the student wishes to submit his/her thesis before the supervisors believe it is ready, the student may submit his/her work and ask for it to be examined, but must also submit a letter to the Postgraduate Programme Coordinator stating that he/she:
acknowledges that they are submitting the thesis without the approval and support of their supervisors; and
will accept the assessment of the examiners and the resultant grade as decided by the Postgraduate Programmes Cluster Committee.
Please note extensions to submission date of a thesis are not normally granted. In exceptional circumstances an application can be made to the Postgraduate Programmes Cluster Committee to carry over course work.
Appointment of EXaminers
To avoid conflict of interest for the students supervisor(s), and in respect of the EIT Recognition of Authorship Policy and Guidelines, an internal examiner should not be one of the students supervisors. In particular, for research at level 9, the supervisor will not be involved in the examination of a thesis s/he has supervised.
AppendicesAppendix 1Supervision Contract
Appendix 2Postgraduate Supervision Agreement
Appendix 1SAMPLE Supervision Contract6351968500
MPP9.300 Creative Professional Project 2 - SUPERVISION CONTRACT
1. Students Responsibilities
MPP9.300 requires the student to commit to undertake sustained independent scholarly activity. Students are expected to:
Make an appointment (either online or face to face) to discuss their proposed thesis with their supervisors and establish agreed roles, timelines and processes to be maintained between the supervisors and the student.
Develop a timeline schedule which outlines the expected meeting dates and completion dates of successive stages of the thesis. Establish, in conjunction with the supervisors, a date for final submission of the thesis.
Maintain regular contact with supervisors through formal scheduling of meetings
Reflect on the advice and instruction provided by the supervisors. In consultation with the supervisors, the student will determine the applicability and suitability of that advice and instruction for the satisfactory progress of the thesis.
Be pro-active in raising matters which may be detrimental to satisfactory progress on the thesis.
Maintain progress in accordance with the agreed stages and timing of the research and thesis.
Provide such evidence of work and documentation as may reasonably be requested and required by the supervisors from time to time to enable them to ensure that the student is progressing satisfactorily and according to the agreed time schedule.
Complete and submit Student Progress Reports as required.
Be familiar with the contents of the requisite materials which have been supplied on the form of a thesis.
Be adequately prepared for each meeting with the supervisors.
Have and keep documented evidence, where necessary, that the thesis is their own work, and that in the process of having editorial assistance with language and style, the substance of the thesis is nonetheless unreservedly theirs. Any contribution from outside sources must be acknowledged.
Attendance at taught co and at tutorials and seminars, and arranging, where necessary, for other relevant instruction
Ensure due acknowledgement of the academic and intellectual contribution of the supervisor in publications/presentations derived from the Thesis
2. Supervisors responsibilities
The supervisors:
Are the people to whom the student will turn for regular guidance.
Discuss with the student and establish agreed roles and processes to be maintained amongst the two supervisors and the student.
Provide the student with a Supervision Contract which establishes in writing mutual responsibilities and obligations throughout the research process.
Provide guidance on the nature of the thesis and on the standard of research that is appropriate to the level and credit value of the project. This information should be in writing.
Provide guidance for the student on project management including developing research objectives, integrating the research into the thesis, and writing objectives for each section of the proposed thesis.
Provide guidance on literature and information sources, and on research methods and techniques appropriate to the topic area and to the level and credit value of the thesis. This includes notifying the student of required attendance at taught courses and at tutorials and seminars, and arranging, where necessary, for other relevant instruction.
Provide information and guidance on the form and structure of the thesis, including format and style.
Assist with the construction of a written timeline schedule which outlines the expected completion dates of successive stages of the thesis.
Advise the student to retain all written correspondence and written records of discussions between the supervisors and the student.
Be accessible at reasonable times for providing the student with advice that is sought.
Expect written work as appropriate, and return that work with constructive criticism within a timeframe agreed with the student at the outset of the thesis or at other times as mutually agreed.
Where necessary, ensure that the student is made aware, in writing, of the inadequacy of progress and/or any work where the standard is below that generally accepted. Acceptability will be according to criteria previously supplied to the student.
Ensure the student has the opportunity to present work at postgraduate and/or staff seminars.
Discuss the ownership of research conducted by the student, issues of co-authorship, and issues of copyright of published papers arising from the independent scholarly project / thesis.
Where necessary, ensure that all research is conducted with prior ethical approval.
Signed:
Principal Supervisor:
Name: _______________________Signature: __________________________
Date: _______________________
Associate Supervisor:
Name: _______________________Signature: __________________________
Date: ________________________
Student:
Name: _______________________Signature: __________________________
Date: ________________________
Appendix 2Postgraduate Supervision AgreementPostgraduate Supervision Agreement
The purpose of this document is to provide a framework to define how the supervision of your MPP8.200 and MPP9.300 project will operate.
Effective supervision plays a vital role in you being able to complete your project to the required standard.
Discussion of how the supervision will operate will lay the foundations for a good working relationship.
Different aspects may need to be renegotiated during the process.
INTRODUCTION
In preparing these guidelines it is envisaged that both student and supervisor will respond to the issues outlined in this document. One of the main objectives of this process is to share understanding so that there is agreement over fundamental (and often mistakenly assumed) beliefs and expectations. You will notice that space has been left for one of you to record your joint understandings. We suggest a copy of the completed document is made for each party.
This is a guideline to discuss any issues that are relevant and may impact on the supervision process
Important note: All supervisors and mentors must be involved in the discussion and negotiation of this document.
Student Name Signature Primary Supervisor Signature Secondary Supervisor Signature Mentor Signature Date Schedule of First Three Meetings
Date Time Place Supervisor(s) Present With Student
