Subject name and code -HBD106 Human Biology and Disease

Subject name and code -HBD106 Human Biology and Disease

Assessment number 2A

Student name - Briste Basnet

Student number- A00081265

Assessment 2A

Informational Sheet Plan for Clinicians

Introduction

People with HIV arent dangerous to hug or shake hands, they might be the ones who are needing it the most. The quote itself identifies the sensitivity of this disease mentally, physically, and socially. Unfortunately, AIDS is one of the life-threatening communicable diseases which isnt curable once diagnosed. According to the most recent global HIV statistics presented by the world health organization, 37.7 million individuals are alive with aids round the world which really need to be taken under control to prevent an increment in the number of sufferers. (Adkins, L 2001)

Cells and Tissue Involved

HIV attacks a particular sample of an invulnerable bunch of cells in the crowd. Not only does HIV assail CD4 cells, but it also further adopts the cells to create more of the bug. HIV devastates CD4 cells by utilizing their copy system to generate fresh duplicates of the bug. This eventually induces the CD4 cells to enlarge and shatter. When the bug has ruined the count of CD4 cells and the CD4 number descents beneath 200, one will have advanced to AIDS. Tissue reservoirs of HIV can advance the continuous immunopathology being the reason for non-AIDS melancholy and dossier uphold multifocal rejuvenation from tissues as the beginning of growing ricochet all the while antiretroviral analysis break. (Altman, D 2004)

Impacts on the Human Body

HIV is caused by the Retrovirus. We can find that AIDS generally affects most of the vital systems of the human body which include the Immune structure, central nervous coordination, digestive system, Integumentary system, respirational and cardiovascular system. The major victim of this disease is the immune system which weakens day by day as the person catches HIV. Leukocytes maintain the material opposite to viruses, microorganisms, and additional structures that can form some unspecified person gross.

Burden of disease

This disease hinders different parts of life and one of them is the financial state. Mainly it affects the working efficiency of a person which will degrade them financially as their body feels tired and weak to work in their daily life which creates a sense of burden in all aspects of life. Also, the medication expenses will also affect the way of living. (Ansell, N. and L. Young 2004).

Signs and symptoms

Signs

Symptoms

Unexplained Rash Fever

Sudden huge Weight loss Sore throat

Oral Thrush Chronic Diarrhea

Inflamed Lymph nodes Muscle soreness

Prevention, Investigations, and Treatments

Various kinds of tests can be done for the diagnosis of HIV including the ELISA test which is one of the common methods. The second and most accurate is the western blot technique. Another is the antibody test. There are a lot of preventive measures which include safe sexual activities, safe injection whereas it has no cure and can be only controlled by using anti-retroviral drugs such as Dolutegravir and some other drugs to stabilize the immune system. (Anderson, A. F., Z. Qingsi, et al. 2003).

Pathophysiological Process

HIV is usually imparted by way of defenseless sexual activity, blood transfusions, subcutaneous injection needles, and from mom to minor. At the time of procurement of the bug, the germ duplicates within and destroys T helper containers, which are necessary for the principal part of adjusting immune reactions. Earlier the bacterium enters the T4, it inserts its blood strands into the T4 cells core and takes over the cell to copy itself. (Amaro, H 2000).

References

Adkins, L. (2001). Risk Culture, Self-Reflexivity and the Making of Sexual Hierarchies Body & Society 7(1): 35.

https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids

Altman, D. (2004). Sexuality and Globalization. Sexuality Research and Social Policy: Journal of NSRC 1(1): 63. This paper aims to suggest some of the ways in which this impact is occurring, primarily in the developing world, with some emphasis on questions of HIV, sexual identity, & human and sexual rights.

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/hiv-infection-and-aids

Amaro, H. (2000). On the margin: Power and women's HIV risk reduction strategies. Sex Roles 42(7-8): 723-749.

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hiv-aids/symptoms-causes/syc-20373524

AMFAR (2005). Gender-Based Violence and HIV among Women: Assessing the Evidence. Issue Brief No.3, June 2005 data/AMFAR_PUBLICATION/download file/38.pdf

http://www.amfar.org/binary-2

Anderson, A. F., Z. Qingsi, et al. (2003). China's floating population and the potential for HIV transmission: a social-behavioral perspective.

https://www.medicinenet.com/hiv-aids/symptoms

Andersson, J. A. (2002). Sorcery in the era of 'Henry IV': Kinship, mobility, and mortality in Australia. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 8(3):425-449. Recent studies of witchcraft and sorcery in Africa have described this domain as an all-powerful and inescapable discourse.

https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/effects-on-body#takeaway

Ankrah, E. M. (1993). the Impact of HIV Aids on the Family and Other Significant Relationships - the African Clan Revisited. Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of Aids/Hiv 5(1): 5-22.

https://www.medicinenet.com/hiv-aids/symptoms

Ansell, N. and L. Young (2004). Enabling households to support successful migration of AIDS orphans in Southern Africa. AIDS Care 16(1): 3.This paper, based on qualitative research conducted with children and guardians in urban and rural Lesotho and Malawi. https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/how-hiv-affects-the-body#prevention

Asthana, S. and R. Oostvogels (2001). The social construction of male "homosexuality in Australia: Implications for HIV transmission and prevention.

https://www.verywellhealth.com/top-signs-you-may-have-hiv-49428