7111MED Assessment 2 Response posts to Mini-case study
7111MED Assessment 2 Response posts to Mini-case study
Student name: Student name
S number: s1234567
Response to: Urbanisation and Obesity Epidemic in Developing Countries
As developing nations become more urbanised, the case presented evidence on the increased reliance on motorized transport as walkability diminishes (ref). This comes in addition to the introduction of the traditionally western diet, where food products are highly processed, and higher in kilojoules ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"fAkRuC4o","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Hales et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Hales et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":10631,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/1418342/items/J7QP8J25"],"itemData":{"id":10631,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Importance: Differences in obesity by sex, age group, race and Hispanic origin among US adults have been reported, but differences by urbanization level have been less studied.nObjectives: To provide estimates of obesity by demographic characteristics and urbanization level and to examine trends in obesity prevalence by urbanization level.nDesign, Setting, and Participants: Serial cross-sectional analysis of measured height and weight among adults aged 20 years or older in the 2001-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population.nExposures: Sex, age group, race and Hispanic origin, education level, smoking status, and urbanization level as assessed by metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs; large: 1 million population).nMain Outcomes and Measures: Prevalence of obesity (body mass index [BMI] 30) and severe obesity (BMI 40) by subgroups in 2013-2016 and trends by urbanization level between 2001-2004 and 2013-2016.nResults: Complete data on weight, height, and urbanization level were available for 10792 adults (mean age, 48 years; 51% female [weighted]). During 2013-2016, 38.9% (95% CI, 37.0% to 40.7%) of US adults had obesity and 7.6% (95% CI, 6.8% to 8.6%) had severe obesity. Men living in medium or small MSAs had a higher age-adjusted prevalence of obesity compared with men living in large MSAs (42.4% vs 31.8%, respectively; adjusted difference, 9.8 percentage points [95% CI, 5.1 to 14.5 percentage points]); however, the age-adjusted prevalence among men living in non-MSAs was not significantly different compared with men living in large MSAs (38.9% vs 31.8%, respectively; adjusted difference, 4.8 percentage points [95% CI, -2.9 to 12.6 percentage points]). The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was higher among women living in medium or small MSAs compared with women living in large MSAs (42.5% vs 38.1%, respectively; adjusted difference, 4.3 percentage points [95% CI, 0.2 to 8.5 percentage points]) and among women living in non-MSAs compared with women living in large MSAs (47.2% vs 38.1%, respectively; adjusted difference, 4.7 percentage points [95% CI, 0.2 to 9.3 percentage points]). Similar patterns were seen for severe obesity except that the difference between men living in large MSAs compared with non-MSAs was significant. The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity and severe obesity also varied significantly by age group, race and Hispanic origin, and education level, and these patterns of variation were often different by sex. Between 2001-2004 and 2013-2016, the age-adjusted prevalence of obesity and severe obesity significantly increased among all adults at all urbanization levels.nConclusions and Relevance: In this nationally representative survey of adults in the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of obesity and severe obesity in 2013-2016 varied by level of urbanization, with significantly greater prevalence of obesity and severe obesity among adults living in nonmetropolitan statistical areas compared with adults living in large metropolitan statistical areas.","container-title":"JAMA","DOI":"10.1001/jama.2018.7270","ISSN":"1538-3598","issue":"23","journalAbbreviation":"JAMA","language":"eng","note":"PMID: 29922829nPMCID: PMC6583043","page":"2419-2429","source":"PubMed","title":"Differences in Obesity Prevalence by Demographic Characteristics and Urbanization Level Among Adults in the United States, 2013-2016","volume":"319","author":[{"family":"Hales","given":"Craig M."},{"family":"Fryar","given":"Cheryl D."},{"family":"Carroll","given":"Margaret D."},{"family":"Freedman","given":"David S."},{"family":"Aoki","given":"Yutaka"},{"family":"Ogden","given":"Cynthia L."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018",6,19]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Hales et al., 2018). In multiple comparative studies conducted in Kenya, it was found that between groups that lived a more traditional lifestyle, and those living in urban settings, obesity rates increased significantly the more urban an individuals lifestyle became ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"t6wAQRWJ","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Hales et al., 2018; Okoth et al., 2015)","plainCitation":"(Hales et al., 2018; Okoth et al., 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":10631,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/1418342/items/J7QP8J25"],"itemData":{"id":10631,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Importance: Differences in obesity by sex, age group, race and Hispanic origin among US adults have been reported, but differences by urbanization level have been less studied.nObjectives: To provide estimates of obesity by demographic characteristics and urbanization level and to examine trends in obesity prevalence by urbanization level.nDesign, Setting, and Participants: Serial cross-sectional analysis of measured height and weight among adults aged 20 years or older in the 2001-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population.nExposures: Sex, age group, race and Hispanic origin, education level, smoking status, and urbanization level as assessed by metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs; large: 1 million population).nMain Outcomes and Measures: Prevalence of obesity (body mass index [BMI] 30) and severe obesity (BMI 40) by subgroups in 2013-2016 and trends by urbanization level between 2001-2004 and 2013-2016.nResults: Complete data on weight, height, and urbanization level were available for 10792 adults (mean age, 48 years; 51% female [weighted]). During 2013-2016, 38.9% (95% CI, 37.0% to 40.7%) of US adults had obesity and 7.6% (95% CI, 6.8% to 8.6%) had severe obesity. Men living in medium or small MSAs had a higher age-adjusted prevalence of obesity compared with men living in large MSAs (42.4% vs 31.8%, respectively; adjusted difference, 9.8 percentage points [95% CI, 5.1 to 14.5 percentage points]); however, the age-adjusted prevalence among men living in non-MSAs was not significantly different compared with men living in large MSAs (38.9% vs 31.8%, respectively; adjusted difference, 4.8 percentage points [95% CI, -2.9 to 12.6 percentage points]). The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was higher among women living in medium or small MSAs compared with women living in large MSAs (42.5% vs 38.1%, respectively; adjusted difference, 4.3 percentage points [95% CI, 0.2 to 8.5 percentage points]) and among women living in non-MSAs compared with women living in large MSAs (47.2% vs 38.1%, respectively; adjusted difference, 4.7 percentage points [95% CI, 0.2 to 9.3 percentage points]). Similar patterns were seen for severe obesity except that the difference between men living in large MSAs compared with non-MSAs was significant. The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity and severe obesity also varied significantly by age group, race and Hispanic origin, and education level, and these patterns of variation were often different by sex. Between 2001-2004 and 2013-2016, the age-adjusted prevalence of obesity and severe obesity significantly increased among all adults at all urbanization levels.nConclusions and Relevance: In this nationally representative survey of adults in the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of obesity and severe obesity in 2013-2016 varied by level of urbanization, with significantly greater prevalence of obesity and severe obesity among adults living in nonmetropolitan statistical areas compared with adults living in large metropolitan statistical areas.","container-title":"JAMA","DOI":"10.1001/jama.2018.7270","ISSN":"1538-3598","issue":"23","journalAbbreviation":"JAMA","language":"eng","note":"PMID: 29922829nPMCID: PMC6583043","page":"2419-2429","source":"PubMed","title":"Differences in Obesity Prevalence by Demographic Characteristics and Urbanization Level Among Adults in the United States, 2013-2016","volume":"319","author":[{"family":"Hales","given":"Craig M."},{"family":"Fryar","given":"Cheryl D."},{"family":"Carroll","given":"Margaret D."},{"family":"Freedman","given":"David S."},{"family":"Aoki","given":"Yutaka"},{"family":"Ogden","given":"Cynthia L."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018",6,19]]}}},{"id":10634,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/1418342/items/HEM9V3IT"],"itemData":{"id":10634,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Overweight and obesity have been identified as increasing public health problems among adolescents in many developed and developing countries. This study aimed at measuring the determinants of overweight and obesity, namely body mass index (BMI), dietary intake and physical activity levels of students (15-19 years) at public (less affluent) versus private (more affluent) schools in Kisumu East District of Kenya (n=387). A 24-hour dietary recall and 7-day food frequency were conducted with each participant. Physical activity levels were measured using the physical activity questionnaire for adolescents (PAQ-A). A higher percent of overweight adolescents were found at private schools than public schools (17% vs. 14%). Overall, 15.5% of adolescents were overweight or obese (BMI>=25). Students at private schools had significantly higher intakes of all nutrients than those at public schools, except for cholesterol and fibre. Differences between private schools and public schools were particularly high for energy (2186 Kcal vs. 1845 Kcal), fat (66g vs. 50g), carbohydrate (302g vs. 345g), and polyunsaturated fats (16g vs. 10 g), respectively. Carbohydrates (p=0.003), fruit and vegetables (p=0.013), and fats (p=0.003) were negative predictors while meat and eggs (p=0.002) and protein (p=0.005) were positive predictors of BMI. Physical activity levels were lower at public schools than at private schools. The prevalence of overweight students was highest at private schools as were intake of calories, carbohydrate, and fat, suggestive of increased urbanisation of lifestyle and associated rise in NCDs.","container-title":"African Journal for Physical Health Education, Recreation and Dance","DOI":"10.10520/EJC172410","issue":"1.2","note":"publisher: AFAHPER-SD","page":"261-272","source":"journals.co.za (Atypon)","title":"Determinants of overweight and obesity in Kenyan adolescents in public and private schools","URL":"https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.10520/EJC172410","volume":"21","author":[{"family":"Okoth","given":"M. A."},{"family":"Ochola","given":"S."},{"family":"Onywera","given":"V."},{"family":"Steyn","given":"N. P."}],"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2022",4,21]]},"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015",3]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Hales et al., 2018; Okoth et al., 2015).
Active transport, people travelling with non-motorised means includes biking and walking has been proven to promote physical fitness, and better manage body weight and fat mass ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"bob53bBZ","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Giles-Corti et al., 2010)","plainCitation":"(Giles-Corti et al., 2010)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":10638,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/1418342/items/WFCTWLWL"],"itemData":{"id":10638,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Amid growing concerns about the impact of rising obesity and physical inactivity levels, climate change, population growth, increasing traffic congestion and declining oil supplies, multiple sectors are now promoting active transportation as an alternative to driving. This paper considers the health benefits and co-benefits of investing in active transportation, enabling comparison of policy options to optimise societal objectives aimed at creating healthy, socially and environmentally sustainable communities. Policies promoting the use of both energy-efficient motor vehicles and increased active transportation would almost double the impact on greenhouse gas emissions and would reduce disease burden by increasing physical activity. More co-benefit and economic analyses research is required to inform joined-up policy solutions.","container-title":"New South Wales Public Health Bulletin","DOI":"10.1071/NB10027","ISSN":"1834-8610, 1834-8610","issue":"6","journalAbbreviation":"NSW Public Health Bull.","language":"en","note":"publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING","page":"122-127","source":"www.publish.csiro.au","title":"The co-benefits for health of investing in active transportation","URL":"https://www.publish.csiro.au/nb/NB10027","volume":"21","author":[{"family":"Giles-Corti","given":"Billie"},{"family":"Foster","given":"Sarah"},{"family":"Shilton","given":"Trevor"},{"family":"Falconer","given":"Ryan"},{"family":"Giles-Corti","given":"Billie"},{"family":"Foster","given":"Sarah"},{"family":"Shilton","given":"Trevor"},{"family":"Falconer","given":"Ryan"}],"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2022",4,21]]},"issued":{"date-parts":[["2010",7,16]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Giles-Corti et al., 2010). A multi-national comparison research demonstrates countries where active travel is most common have lowest obesity rates, while places with the highest rates of vehicle use have the highest obesity rate ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"MJ2mZXAj","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Bassett et al., 2011)","plainCitation":"(Bassett et al., 2011)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":10641,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/1418342/items/YMUNLI5A"],"itemData":{"id":10641,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Walking and bicycling account for a much higher share of daily trips in Europe than in North America and Australia. Similarly, Europeans are far more likely to use public transport, which normally requires walking or cycling to reach the rail station or bus stop. The purpose of this study was to determine whether variations in active transportation are related to international differences in obesity prevalence. To be able to draw valid conclusions, representative data on active transportation and obesity prevalence in different nations were needed. At present, there are no standardized travel surveys that gather data for the purpose of allowing international comparisons. Data on travel behavior and health indicators were used to construct a figure showing the modal shares of walking, bicycling, and public transit, as a percentage of the total number of trips, for 17 countries. The main finding of this study is that countries in Europe, North America, and Australia where active travel is most common have the lowest obesity rates, while those countries with the highest rates of car use for travel have the highest obesity rates.","container-title":"Institute of Transportation Engineers. ITE Journal","ISSN":"01628178","issue":"8","language":"English","note":"number-of-pages: 5npublisher-place: Washington, United Statesnpublisher: Institute of Transportation Engineers","page":"24-28","source":"ProQuest","title":"Active Transportation and Obesity in Europe, North America, and Australia","URL":"https://www.proquest.com/docview/885005862/abstract/A75769929941459CPQ/1","volume":"81","author":[{"family":"Bassett","given":"David R."},{"family":"Pucher","given":"John"},{"family":"Buehler","given":"Ralph"},{"family":"Thompson","given":"Dixie L."},{"family":"Crouter","given":"Scott E."}],"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2022",4,21]]},"issued":{"date-parts":[["2011",8]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Bassett et al., 2011). Studies also showed active transport prescriptions by physiotherapists and other health service providers offer health improvement opportunity for the clients as well as for the environment.
To shift towards higher uptake on active transport, we will require transformational change in how we build our urban setting. With urbanisation and obesity on the rise, a growing body of literature advocate for urban design that incorporates active transport infrastructure could potentially address this issue ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"JQXAWKFW","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Renzella & Demaio, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Renzella & Demaio, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":10621,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/1418342/items/BYP2QWYM"],"itemData":{"id":10621,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Inspiring and retaining interest, investment and action to prevent tomorrows health threats today is notoriously difficult. This is particularly true when the resulting future well-being may not be realised for years, or even decades. The outcome is a lack of political and societal prioritisation for disease prevention, accompanied by a pernicious rise in avoidable health burden.nnObesity is now the biological, environmental and social path of least resistance in most societies. Despite being entirely avoidable, an estimated 1.9billion adults and 41million children under 5years are overweight, worldwide.1 2 Addressing the drivers of obesity through evidence-based structural and political responses is key, yet such action largely continues to evade us.nnBut what if we could shape obesity solutions as rapidly as we build our cities? What if our cities could make achieving and maintaining healthy weight easier?nnFor the first time in history, more than half of the global population lives in cities, and almost four in every ten adults are overweight or obese.1 3 With obesity and urbanisation on the rise, the built environments in which people work, live, eat and move are increasingly recognised to have a ","container-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","DOI":"10.1136/bjsports-2017-098805","ISSN":"0306-3674, 1473-0480","journalAbbreviation":"Br J Sports Med","language":"en","note":"publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicinensection: EditorialnPMID: 29514821","source":"bjsm.bmj.com","title":"Its time we paved a healthier path of least resistance","URL":"https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/early/2018/03/07/bjsports-2017-098805","author":[{"family":"Renzella","given":"Jessica A."},{"family":"Demaio","given":"Alessandro R."}],"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2022",4,21]]},"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018",3,7]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Renzella & Demaio, 2018). Urban spaces that pave accessible and safe pedestrian pathways help mitigate the rising motorisation would benefit population health. By ensuring safe and eco-friendly biking and walking is a priority, urban designers could increase exercise frequency and support health enhancement which then contribute to reducing obesity ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"qSC7nmS9","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Devarajan et al., 2020)","plainCitation":"(Devarajan et al., 2020)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":10625,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/1418342/items/6TKWVYBD"],"itemData":{"id":10625,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"The Lancet Commission on Obesity (LCO), also known as the syndemic commission, states that radical changes are required to harness the common drivers of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change. Urban design, land use, and the built environment are few such drivers. Holding individuals responsible for obesity detracts from the obesogenic built environments. Pedestrian priority and dignity, wide pavements with tree canopies, water fountains with potable water, benches for the elderly at regular intervals, access to opengreen spaces within 0.5km radius and playgrounds in schools are required. Facilities for physical activity at worksite, prioritization of staircases and ramps in building construction, redistribution of land use, and access to quality, adequate capacity, comfortable, and wellnetworked public transport, which are elderly and differently abled sensitive with universal design are some of the interventions that require urgent implementation and monitoring. An urban barometer consisting of valid relevant indicators aligned to the sustainable development goals (SDGs), UNHabitat3 and healthy cities, should be considered a basic human right and ought to be mounted for purposes of surveillance and monitoring. A Framework Convention on Built Environment and Physical Activity needs to be taken up by WHO and the UN for uptake and implementation by member countries.","container-title":"Obesity Reviews","DOI":"10.1111/obr.12938","ISSN":"1467-7881","issue":"1","journalAbbreviation":"Obes Rev","note":"PMID: 31701653nPMCID: PMC6916279","page":"e12938","source":"PubMed Central","title":"Built environment for physical activityAn urban barometer, surveillance, and monitoring","URL":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6916279/","volume":"21","author":[{"family":"Devarajan","given":"Raji"},{"family":"Prabhakaran","given":"Dorairaj"},{"family":"Goenka","given":"Shifalika"}],"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2022",4,21]]},"issued":{"date-parts":[["2020",1]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Devarajan et al., 2020).
(Word Count: 275)
References
ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Bassett, D. R., Pucher, J., Buehler, R., Thompson, D. L., & Crouter, S. E. (2011). Active Transportation and Obesity in Europe, North America, and Australia. Institute of Transportation Engineers. ITE Journal, 81(8), 2428. https://www.proquest.com/docview/885005862/abstract/A75769929941459CPQ/1
Devarajan, R., Prabhakaran, D., & Goenka, S. (2020). Built environment for physical activityAn urban barometer, surveillance, and monitoring. Obesity Reviews, 21(1), e12938. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12938
Giles-Corti, B., Foster, S., Shilton, T., Falconer, R., Giles-Corti, B., Foster, S., Shilton, T., & Falconer, R. (2010). The co-benefits for health of investing in active transportation. New South Wales Public Health Bulletin, 21(6), 122127. https://doi.org/10.1071/NB10027
Hales, C. M., Fryar, C. D., Carroll, M. D., Freedman, D. S., Aoki, Y., & Ogden, C. L. (2018). Differences in Obesity Prevalence by Demographic Characteristics and Urbanization Level Among Adults in the United States, 2013-2016. JAMA, 319(23), 24192429. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.7270
Okoth, M. A., Ochola, S., Onywera, V., & Steyn, N. P. (2015). Determinants of overweight and obesity in Kenyan adolescents in public and private schools. African Journal for Physical Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 21(1.2), 261272. https://doi.org/10.10520/EJC172410
Renzella, J. A., & Demaio, A. R. (2018). Its time we paved a healthier path of least resistance. British Journal of Sports Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098805
7111MED Assessment 2: Response post to mini-case study (weight 20%)
Each section of the presentation will be marked on a 1-5 rating scale with 1 = not well covered / established and 5 = excellent
Criterion 5 4 3 2 1- 0
Background research and grasp of literature Evidence is rich from a diverse range of sources and clearly articulated. Evidence is clearly articulated. Evidence is mostly clear but at times inconsistent. Evidence used is not appropriate (reliance on grey literature). Presented a list of facts/opinions Minimal evidence used to express the importance of the priority
Relevance, logic and depth of analysis Excellent use of relevant evidence from the literature to support a clearly stated argument. Nogeneralisations / misinterpretation of the evidence is evident. There is detailed and thorough analysis of the sources used.High accuracy and excellent integration. Readergains important insights. Very good use of relevant evidence from the literature to support a clear argument. Very infrequentgeneralisations/ misinterpretation of the evidence is evident.There is a high level of analysiscomparing and contrastingthe arguments made by the sources provided. Information supports a centralpurpose/argument at times. Analysis is basic or general.Generally superficial at times and includes poorly supportedgeneralisations. Usually maintains focus but may occasionally digress from the central topic.
Central purpose or argument is descriptive or isnot clearly identified.
Analysis is vague or not evident. Limited or patchy inclusion of supporting information; inaccuraciesandmain issuenotfullyaddressed.Little abstraction beyond facts; weak progression of ideas.
Does not conform to the assessment requirements by not responding to the topic.Generalisedclaims not supported by the literature.
There is no attempt toanalysethe sourcesusedand writing is totally descriptive.
Consistency, structure and organisation of material The structure demonstratesskilful
construction of expression to convey argument clearly, coherently and persuasively. The structure shows clearorganisation.The ideas are arranged logically to support the central purpose or argument.Uses a variety of techniques to incorporate source material effectively to support argument. Uses formal written expression consistently. In general, the writingisarrangedlogically, although occasionally ideas fail to makesense together. The structure shows some form of clarity but only identifies and explores one idea per paragraph. Links the majority of sentences using effective methods. Paragraph structure donot conform to writing guidelines.
Clarity, presentation and references Writing is smooth and coherent andskillfullycommunicates meaning to reader. No lapses in academic language. Adheres to word count.The clarity and quality of writing isexemplary, andis appropriate to the assessment task. Free of typographical errors. Accurate APA referencing and in-text citation is used throughout. The clarity and quality of writing is of a high standard, mostly clear and well written throughout, with a few minor typographical errors. Appropriate APA referencing and in-text citation is used throughout. Adheres to word count. The clarity and quality of writing is of a good standard, with infrequent APA and typographical errors throughout.Adheres to word count. The clarity and quality of writing is satisfactory and meets all formatting requirements. Structure makes it difficult to read, but it adequately communicates information. Some errors in referencing and in-text citations throughout. Adheres to word count. The clarity and quality of writing is poor and unclear with frequent errors of grammar. Frequent errors in referencing and in-text citations throughout or word count not adhered to.
7111MED Assessment 2: Response post to mini-case study (weight 30%)
Each section of the presentation will be marked on a 1-5 rating scale with 1 = not well covered / established and 5 = excellent
Criterion 5 4 3 2 1- 0
Content Human Health
(30%) Clear and viable strategies address human health determinants Well supported with evidence. All levels (individual-intuitional-community-global) of change are targeted with feasible interventions. Strategies addresses human health determinants. Well supported with evidence.
All levels (individual-intuitional-community-global) of change are targeted. Strategies address health and environmental determinants but in a basic way. Demonstrated effort to target more than one level (micro-meso-macro) of change. Strategies to address health determinants are present but are unclear or have limited supportive evidence . Recognised the levels of change but specific interventions for more than one level of change are absent. No clear strategies provided. Lack support from the evidence. Interventions are not identified or not feasible.
Content Environmental Wellbeing
(30%) Clear and viable strategies addresses environmental determinants Well supported with evidence. All levels (individual-intuitional-community-global) of change are targeted with feasible interventions. Strategies address environmental determinants. Well supported with evidence.
All levels (individual-intuitional-community-global) of change are targeted.
Strategies addresses environmental determinants with evidence but in a basic way. Demonstrated effort to target more than one level (individual-intuitional-community-global) of change. Strategies to address environmental determinants are present but are unclear or have limited supportive evidence. Recognised the levels of change but specific interventions for more than one level of change are absent. No clear strategies provided. Lack support from the evidence. Interventions are not identified or not feasible
Relevance, logic and depth of analysis
(30%) Evidence is rich from a diverse range of sources and clearly articulated.
Excellent use of relevant evidence from the literature to support a clearly stated argument. Nogeneralisations / misinterpretation of the evidence is evident. There is detailed and thorough analysis of the sources used.High accuracy and excellent integration. Readergains important insights. Evidence is clearly articulated.
Very good use of relevant evidence from the literature to support a clear argument. Very infrequentgeneralisations/ misinterpretation of the evidence is evident.There is a high level of analysiscomparingthe arguments made by the sources provided. Evidence is mostly clear but at times inconsistent.
Information supports a centralpurpose/argument at times. Analysis is basic or general.Generally superficial at times and includes poorly supportedgeneralisations. Usually maintains focus but may occasionally digress from the central topic. Evidence used is sometimes not appropriate (reliance on grey literature). Presented a list of facts/opinions.
Central purpose or argument is descriptive. Analysis is vague or not evident.Limited or patchy inclusion of supporting information; inaccuraciesandmain issuenotfullyaddressed. Little abstraction beyond facts; weak progression of ideas. Minimal to no evidence used to express the importance of the priority. Sources are inappropriate.
The purpose or argument isnot clearly identified or absent. No analysis.
Does not conform to the assessment requirements by not responding to the topic. Generalised claims not supported by the literature.
There is no attempt toanalysethe sourcesusedand writing is totally descriptive.
Consistency, structure, organisation of material
clarity, presentation and references
(10%) The structure demonstratesskilful
construction of expression to convey argument clearly, coherently, and persuasively.
Writing is smooth and coherent andskilfullycommunicates meaning to reader.
No lapses in academic language. Adheres to word count.The clarity and quality of writing isexemplary andis appropriate to the assessment task.
Free of typographical errors. Accurate and consistent referencing used throughout. The structure shows clearorganisation.The ideas are arranged logically to support the central purpose or argument.
Uses a variety of techniques to incorporate source material effectively to support argument.
The clarity and quality of writing is of a high standard, mostly clear and well written throughout, with a few minor typographical errors. Appropriate referencing is used throughout. Adheres to word count. Uses formal written expression consistently. In general, the writingisarrangedlogically, ideas makesense together.
The clarity and quality of writing is of a good standard, with infrequent referencing and typographical errors throughout.Adheres to word count. The structure shows some form of clarity but occasionally ideas may not make sense together. Links the majority of sentences using effective methods.
The clarity and quality of writing is satisfactory and meets all formatting requirements. Structure makes it difficult to read, but it adequately communicates information. Some errors in referencing and in-text citations throughout. Adheres to word count. Paragraph structure doesnot conform to writing guidelines.
The clarity and quality of writing is poor and unclear with frequent errors of grammar. Frequent errors in referencing and in-text citations throughout or word count not adhered to.
