Analysing Edinburgh's Brand Potential as a Tourist Destination
TASK 3
Analysing Edinburgh's Brand Potential as a Tourist Destination
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 3 In addition to your PowerPoint and your case study, you should prepare a short report regarding brand potential. You must therefore select a UK destination and research its potential as a tourist destination. To do this you must: 1. Assess the role of brands in the tourism and hospitality industry by providing examples 2. Explain what market research is and how to do 3. Research existing data concerning your destination 4. Collect primary data about your UK destination as a brand 5. In light of your findings, conclude on the brand potential of your destination
Word count 1598
Date 19/05/2024
Introduction
The purpose of this report is to assess Edinburgh, Scotland's tourism potential. Edinburgh is a popular destination because of its stunning architecture, cultural events, and rich history. Branding is critical in today's highly competitive tourism business for attracting and keeping travellers. A powerful brand distinguishes a place from its rivals, creates a distinct identity, and fosters a favourable perception among potential tourists. Edinburgh has the ability to use its brand to attract a varied spectrum of tourists from across the world, thanks to its renowned sites and dynamic cultural activities.This report will assess Edinburgh's brand potential as a tourist destination, explain the process of conducting market research, and provide insights into the role of brands in the tourism industry through research and analysis.
ProcedureThe evaluation of Edinburgh's brand potential as a tourist destination included a thorough methodology that enveloped both optional information examination and essential information assortment. The accompanying sections frame the means taken to assemble the essential data.
In the first stage, significant secondary data analysis was carried out. This entailed performing extensive research online, which included the official Edinburgh tourist website, government studies, industry journals, and renowned tourism databases. The analysis was meant to acquire an extensive comprehension of the ongoing brand situation of Edinburgh, its principal attractions, target markets, and generally the travel industry execution.
An online survey was used to collect the primary data following the analysis of the secondary data. The study was explicitly intended to gather information from people who had recently visited Edinburgh as a tourist location. The purpose of the survey was to find out what they thought, felt, and preferred about Edinburgh. The survey was conveyed through different online platforms and social media channels to arrive at a different example of respondents addressing different age groups, nationalities, and travel choices. To guarantee a sufficient set of data for analysis, a target sample size of 40 respondents was chosen. The acquired primary data was then thoroughly analysed.
The findings from secondary data analysis and primary data collecting were interpreted and synthesised in the next step. A thorough knowledge of Edinburgh's brand potential was built by combining the information acquired from both data sources. Based on visitor views, important attractions, and tourism performance metrics, the strengths and shortcomings of Edinburgh as a tourist destination were determined.
Findings
Primary findings
The respondents provided significant insights into the poll, which was designed to collect primary data about Edinburgh as a tourist destination. The headings below summarise the important conclusions gained from survey replies.
The survey was started with the question if the participants have ever visited Edinburgh before. According to the responses from the participants, almost 72.5% respondents have visited Edinburgh as a tourist destination while only 27.5% respondents have not, however, they were quite knowledgeable about the destination.
According to the survey results, respondents learned about Edinburgh as a tourist destination from a variety of sources. Social media platforms and online travel websites were the most frequently cited sources. This demonstrates the growing significance of digital channels in the promotion and dissemination of tourist destination information.
Respondent's decision to visit Edinburgh was influenced by several important factors, according to the survey. The city's historical and cultural attractions, festivals and events, and recommendations from others were identified as the most important factors. This proposes that Edinburgh's rich legacy and dynamic social scene assume a huge part in drawing in guests.
The respondents were asked to share their favourite Edinburgh attractions. The unassuming reactions featured a different scope of attractions, including Edinburgh Castle, the RoyalMile, Arthur's Seat, the Scottish National Gallery, and the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. Tourists are drawn to these attractions because they represent the city's historical significance, natural beauty, and cultural offerings.
The majority of respondents answered "excellent" or "good" when asked about Edinburgh's accessibility as a tourist destination. This suggests that the city has easy access to public transportation and a walkable downtown, making it easy for tourists to get around and see its sights.
When selecting a tourist destination, the survey asked about the significance of sustainability. The outcomes demonstrated that a critical part of respondents believed supportability to be significant or vital. This recommends that advancing sustainable practices and ecological drives can upgrade Edinburgh's brand appeal and draw in environmentally conscious tourists.
The survey asked respondents if they would recommend Edinburgh to others as a tourist destination and why they would do so. The positive experiences highlighted in the open-ended responses included the captivating history of the city, stunning architecture, welcoming locals, and lively atmosphere. The city's cleanliness and well-preserved history were also mentioned by some respondents as reasons to recommend Edinburgh to others.
These data suggest that Edinburgh has a high brand potential as a tourism destination. The historical and cultural sites, colourful festivals and events, and favourable tourist experiences all contribute to the city's allure. The city centre's accessibility and walkability add to its allure among tourists. Furthermore, the significance of sustainability and the favourable suggestions from tourists highlights the necessity for ongoing efforts to promote sustainable tourism practices. To expand its image potential, Edinburgh ought to use digital platforms to reach and draw in possible visitors, featuring its exceptional contributions and advancing sustainable drives. Tourism organisations, local businesses, and government agencies can work together to develop efficient marketing strategies and establish a unified brand image.Secondary findings
Secondary research provided additional insights into Edinburgh's brand potential as a tourist destination in addition to the primary data gathered through the survey. Through secondary research, the cultural and literary significance of Edinburgh was brought to light. Numerous famous poets and writers have been associated with the city, which is known for its contributions to literature. Edinburgh's culinary culture developed as another notable factor. The city's eating options vary from traditional Scottish cuisine to foreign flavours. Another finding was that Edinburgh had ties to the film industry. Numerous films, including the Harry Potter series, have used the city as a setting. Film tourism has increased as a result of this association, with moviegoers visiting movie locations. The ubiquity of film-related visits and encounters further adds to the city's image request. The city makes it simple to get to picturesque locations like Holyrood Park and the Pentland Hills, where visitors can go hiking, biking, and looking for wildlife. The attractiveness of Edinburgh as a destination is enhanced by the combination of urban and natural experiences. Another finding was that there are wellness and spa facilities in Edinburgh. To meet the growing demand for wellness tourism, the city provides a variety of wellness retreats, luxurious spas, and yoga studios. Spa treatments, mindfulness exercises, and wellness workshops are available to guests who want to unwind and re-energise themselves.
These secondary findings support Edinburgh's marketing potential as a varied destination even further. Visitors are drawn to the city because of its status as a festival city, its cultural and literary significance, and its diversified gastronomic scene. Additionally, the city's versatility in terms of brand appeals to a wide range of visitors thanks to its opportunities for film tourism, outdoor activities, and wellness experiences.
Edinburgh can effectively promote its distinctive qualities and tailor its messaging to specific tourist segments by incorporating these secondary findings into destination marketing strategies. Digital platforms, travel publications, and partnerships with influencers and content creators are all ways to promote the city's cultural heritage, culinary delights, natural beauty, and wellness options.
ConclusionA compelling picture of Edinburgh's attractiveness and appeal is revealed by the research conducted on its brand potential as a tourist destination. The mix of primary findings and auxiliary research features the city's extraordinary assets and resources that add to its brand potential. As the travel industry keeps on developing, Edinburgh needs to adjust and advance to remain competitive. To long-term maintain Edinburgh's brand potential, it will be essential to address issues like managing seasonal demand, balancing the growth of tourism with the preservation of the city's heritage, and remaining at the forefront of sustainable practices. Edinburgh can ensure a thriving and sustainable tourism industry while maintaining its unique charm and character by implementing strategic initiatives, encouraging collaboration among stakeholders, and continuously monitoring market trends and visitor preferences.
APPENDICES
Appendix: Questionaire
Google form link- https://forms.gle/WMZvC3d7NbCtU9Ky9
Question 1: Have you visited Edinburgh as a tourist destination before?
Response options:
Yes
No
Question 2: How did you first hear about Edinburgh as a tourist destination?
Response options:
Through friends or family
Online travel websites
Social media platforms
Travel agencies
Print media (newspapers, magazines)
Others
Question 3: What were the main factors that influenced your decision to visit Edinburgh?
Response options:
Historical and cultural attractions
Festivals and events
Reputation for education and knowledge
Natural scenery and landscapes
Recommendations from others
Value for money
Accessibility and ease of travel
Other
Question 4: What were your favourite attractions in Edinburgh?
Response options:
Edinburgh Castle
The Royal Mile
Arthur's Seat
The Scottish National Gallery
The Edinburgh Festival Fringe
Holyrood Palace
Calton Hill
The Palace of Holyroodhouse
The National Museum of Scotland
The Scotch Whisky Experience
Other
Question 5: How would you rate the accessibility of Edinburgh as a tourist destination?
Response options:
Excellent
Good
Average
Poor
Question 6: How important is sustainability to you when choosing a tourist destination?
Response options:
Very important
Important
Somewhat important
Not important
Question 7: Would you recommend Edinburgh as a tourist destination to others? Why or why not?
Open-ended response: ____________________________
References
Bregoli, I. and Del Chiappa, G., 2013. Coordinating relationships among destination stakeholders: evidence from Edinburgh (UK). Tourism Analysis, 18(2), pp.145-155.
Bregoli, I., 2013. Effects of DMO coordination on destination brand identity: A mixed-method study on the city of Edinburgh. Journal of Travel Research, 52(2), pp.212-224.
Hague, C., 2021. The festivalisation of Edinburgh: Constructing its governance. Scottish Affairs, 30(1), pp.31-52.
Mair, J., 2015. The role of events in creating sustainable tourism destinations. In The Practice of Sustainable Tourism (pp. 269-284). Routledge.
Marques, L., 2019. The making of the literary city: Edinburgh, Barcelona and bidos. In Literary tourism: Theories, practice and case studies (pp. 57-70). Wallingford UK: CABI.
Matheson, C.M., Rimmer, R. and Tinsley, R., 2014. Spiritual attitudes and visitor motivations at the Beltane Fire Festival, Edinburgh. Tourism management, 44, pp.16-33.
Tallushi, N., 2022. Assessment and adaptation of urban cultural heritage assets as touristic destinations towards the impact of UHI: case study: City of Edinburgh.
Vanhove, N., 2022. The economics of tourism destinations: Theory and practice. Routledge.
Wardrop, K., 2011. Edinburgh: Scotlands Inspiring Capital. City Branding: Theory and Cases, pp.138-149.
TASK 2
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 2 In addition to the feature article, you are to write a blog entry for your own organisation. The readers of your blogs are company employees as well as some outsiders. Instructions Using one of your experience of a visitor attractions (such as the National Art Gallery, the Tower or London, Stonehenge, Eden project, the Lake District, etc..), reflect on the role of visitor attractions to the tourism industry. You should also depict the concept of visitor management and give your impressions of the efficiency of its management through your experience, discussing how an effective management and control could lead to an advantage over competitors
Word count 836
Date 19/05/2025
BLOG ENTRY
Any person who wants to visit one place or another needs tourism management. I decided to visit a place to understand the role of tourism in visitors' attractions. The place which I decided on was a national art gallery. For that purpose, I decided to hire a tourism team. The tourism management on this team followed the 6 As which are accessibility, amenities, available packages, activities, attractions, and ancillary services. Using the above tool, it was expected that it will enhance the tourism experience. The tourism which I went through had a proper visiting management system. The visitor management system is used to keep a record of the total number of people visiting the location. The management of the place was planned in such a manner that security for the tourist was their priority. The hotel which was arranged for me consisted of a waiting card through which they identified me. The employees of the team were informed about my arrival. The employees of the tourist organisation gathered and greeted me in the lobby of the hotel where I had my stay. Another section was provided where the tourist can launch complaints regarding anything which gives them dissatisfaction or anything which they are facing in terms of travelling. The first thing I understood about the management was that the guest should be treated well, and they should feel secure while travelling and staying at a hotel. Ro address the needs of the tourist it is important to provide such kind of booth or portal so that the redressal of the problem can be given to provide to the visitors. Focusing on the actual complaints of the existing clients will let us understand which are the step rectifications necessary in the business.
Unit 01: Contemporary Issues in Tourism and Hospitality
TASK 2
Executive Summary
After the covid-19 break the tourism and hospitality industry is seen to be on the rise. The future of the hospitality industry is indicating that personalized attention is key to sustenance in the industry. This means that the industry is a people focused industry to ensure proper customer service. Even though technology is taking over but humans are needed to control the robots. Robots will never replace humans.
Increased used of technology is also another trend that is affecting the future of the industry. AI and cloud-based PMS(Property Management System) have been on the rise. Guests can check in and out online and can schedule their travels without any contact. Smart mobile technology is also allowing for prompt online payments which has also reduced a lot of paper work in the industry.
Most of the hotels are also aligning themselves with more sustainable and eco friendly practices as customers become more sensitive to the environment and sustainability issues. In addition, most consumers are also concerned about their safety and health especially after the Covid-19 pandemic. This has led to increased use of technology which has reduced contact. The future of the industry predicts less contact with more of online and technology. The current trends are also showing that most employers prefer employees working remotely and from home. This is reducing congestion at workplaces while also reducing transport costs while providing employees with the comfort of remaining digital nomads.
There is also a current trend known as Bleisure. This is a mix of business and leisure. It is an upcoming market segment that must be embraced. Most travelers wish to have fun and mix it with business. This has seen most business trips extended to weekends for leisure purposes. This trend is expected to continue and hotel management should ensure that their packages are inclusive of Bleisure. This will attract and retain customers. By offering incentives and convenient business and leisure environment hotels can make a kill on this new segment.
Task 2:
Essay on Consumer behaviour
Name CLYDE JOSHUA VALES
Task 1 You must produce an essay discussing the main theories on consumer behaviour in tourism and hospitality. You should also summarise how those behaviours have changed over the last few decades and how business had to adapt to changes in consumer behaviourWord count 1967
Date 19/05/2024
INDEX
INTRODUCTIONPage 2
CONCEPT OF CONSUMER
BEHAVIOUR...Page 2
DISCUSSION OR MAIN THEORIES ON
CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITYPage 4
HOW CONSUMER THEORIES HAVE CHANGED
IN THE LAST DECADE...Page 5
WAYS THROUGH WHICH BUSINESS
ADOPTS IN CONSUMER BEHAVIOURPage 6
CONCLUSION..Page 6
Introduction
Consumer behaviour is defined as certain decisions, experiences, ideas and activities which are specific to meet the demands or needs. In marketing and tourism, consumer behaviour is one of the most researched areas as it influences tourists behaviour. It is true that social and psychological influences have greater intensity in changing travel behaviours and forecasting the degree of the tourism economy. In the last decades, the growth of modern technology is simultaneously an influential factor in making changes in the business operations of each tourism organisation.
This essay is going to discuss different theories related to consumer behaviour in tourism and hospitality. Specifically, how consumers behaviour has changed over the last few decades has been examined and explained with examples. Moreover, ways through which businesses can adopt changes in consumer behaviour have been discussed.
Concept of consumer behaviour
Many studies have reviewed that consumers behaviours are dynamic as it depends on four specific aspects: loyalty and commitment, ego-involvement as well as novelty seeking and family decision-making.
Loyalty in Consumer behavior describes as an ongoing emotional relationship between you and your client, manifesting itself by how willing a client is to engage with and constantly purchase from you versus your challengers. Loyalty is the derivate of a clients positive experience with you and works to produce trust. Loyal guests purchase constantly. They use what they buy. They interact with you through a variety of different channels. They are your biggest proponents, transferring others to you and furnishing visionary( and reactive) positive feedback
It is essential to know that customer loyalty is the key to customer satisfaction that interferes with positive customer behavioral changes. For example, repeat visitation of consumers signifies the characteristics of consumers' loyalty. Therefore, it can be clarified that consumer behavior depends on the quality of service offered by the tourism industry. Commitment is a retention strategy that focuses on keeping people loyal by constantly delivering on the brands value proposition and fostering connections. For example,a customer wants fast delivery and a company promises and follows through on it. Commitment to guests is a marketing concept that emphasizes the complete client experience, from original contact to post-purchase support. A company rehearsing client service also delivers on its brand pledge and builds long- term connections with its buyers. This strategy is grounded on the notion that it's easier to retain being guests than acquire new bones
. The pretensions of a client commitment statement are to increase consumer satisfaction, make long- term connections, give a return on investment( ROI), ameliorate fidelity and insure guests come repeat buyers, and recommend the brand to their clients. Ego involvement is intended to satisfy ones pride. For illustration, all the members of the family involve themselves in copping a product for a single member belonging to that family. A woman involves herself in the purchase of garments for her hubby and hubby involves himself in the purchase of cosmetics for his woman, Sons and daughters of the family significantly impact the purchase of laptops, television, auto, etc. The ego of each family member is satisfied by consulting him or her before the purchase. Family decision making is a conception in marketing & consumer behaviour where an individual decides to buy a certain product or service after deciding it along with his or her family. Family decision making is a collaborative decision by the family, indeed even if the individual is going to buy the product or service entirely with his/ her own money. This pattern is largely inherited by the family or the people surrounding the individual. The buying decision of the individual depends a lot on age, gender, position, income and amenability to spend. The family members which comprise of parents, siblings, grandparents and cousins play a veritably important part in deciding what to buy and what not to buy. The person generally discusses with the family members before buying any product which largely impact his/ her decision. For a company it's veritably important to dissect if their product or service comes under the family decisioning. Home appliances, buses , computers are some of the orders where an individual might not be using the product but the entire family may be interacting with it hence becomes veritably important. On the contrary, travel behavior has changed explicitly, which influences the planned behaviour of consumers and ensures levels of satisfaction in decision-making. Apart from this, consumer behaviour is also constituted through the influence of generational changes that mostly shifted thinking behaviours toward continuous upgradation. However, changing demands of consumers would have greater significance in driving the value of marketers to survive in the current marketing landscape. In this aspect, consumer decision-making is the cornerstone of digital marketing strategy that interferes with the behaviours of consumers.
Discussion or main theories on consumer behaviour in tourism and hospitality
In the tourism and hospitality industry, consumer behaviour is a mainstream concern that creates a spectrum to move future sustainability. According to planned behaviour theory, individuals behaviours and attitudes are linked while making decisions for a particular choice. In this aspect, the destination choice decision interprets a persons thinking behaviour in response to the specific feelings, interests and understanding regarding the place. Before the case of repeat planning for visiting the same place, it can be assumed consumers have gained desired responses from the particular destination that creates stimuli to visit further. Planned behaviours interlinks with socially appropriate behaviour, which can have immense effects on signifying a thinking approach. On the other hand, the tourism industry faces criticism for its inability to manage consumer satisfaction. Negative feedback from consumers affected others visiting interests in a tourism destination. Therefore, planner behaviour is also provided as a concrete way to predict decision-making ability that helps to understand needs and wants to serve them accordingly. In the tourism and hospitality industry, marketers have a core focus on consumers thinking behaviour to an integer with their decision-making as shedding light on purchasing intensity.
According to the reasoned action theory, consumers have shown a positive response to purchasing products when they have positive results. In this context, the tourism and hospitality industry focused on using the drivers of innovation to get in touch with positive results to achieve customer excellence. The purchasing behaviour of consumers has required intercommunication feasibility that helps to know more about tourism destinations and hospitality services. The development of an eco-friendly tourism culture remarkably affects consumer behaviour as it facilitates consumers interest in visiting the place. Therefore, highlighting a positive change in tourism destinations promotes consumers' behaviour toward purchasing that directly contributes to scaling up the tourism economy. In contrast, Granata and Scozzese (2019) have argued that marketers are concerned with moving customers toward the sales pipeline instead of keeping them on track of idleness. Therefore, reasoned action concepts have created an insight into shaping consumers behaviours to ward purchasing.
Apart from this, customers behaviours are also dependent on artificial needs, which need to be prioritised by the tourism industry. In addition, the psychological needs of tourists are also playing an essential role in the tourism industry that forces them to move with specific changes or transformations. According to the motivation need theory, marketers are responsible for tailoring customers-specific marketing messages that allow them to perceive positives and move for purchasing. For this instance, it can be highlighted that tourists are showing their psychological needs in response to safety and security, which can positively impact the alignment of customer engagement. With respect to this, it can be highlighted that addressing the psychological needs of tourists is the prime responsibility of the tourism industry to create a position in the world economy.
How consumer behaviours have changed over the last few decades
Consumer behaviour in the Tourism industry is nothing but one type of process in which the consumers of tourism can choose various products to meet the ultimate needs of tourism pleasure and related experiences. Thus the process includes the next generation of needs before travel and the decision-making process. Various factors play pivotal roles that affect the behaviour of the consumer. These are age of the consumer, gender of consumer, personality and many more. Consumer behaviour also depends on psychological factors such as motivation, attitude, learning and perception of Individuals.
It has been observed that the expectation of consumers has been changed day by day in the last couple of years. Nowadays, they are connected to the internet anytime and anywhere. As a result, they have witnessed the actual boom of smart technologies as well as they grew up with the social media paradigm shift. Also, they are familiar with online streaming in their daily life and feel like part of all modern technologies. Research says the hospitality industry has experienced significant growth over the past two decades with international arrivals doubling from 600 million to over 1.4 billion in 2016. In 2018, the travel and tourism industry saw a growth of 3.9% with respect to the global economy, which has 3.2%.
In the current scenario, this particular company's profit margins have also decreased. This is happened only because of higher commissions from online travel agencies. Also, there is another factor that is an increase in operational costs like the human resources as well as the increased amenities which the consumers have demanded. Nowadays, the availability of digital marketing has led to increased competition and created pressure on room rates among various hotels. In the case of the hospitality industry, consumer behaviour extremely affects how guests choose their hotels or restaurants as well as entertainment packages. According to the current research on hospitality management focusing on the guest's behaviour, it has been observed that various factors led to them choosing a particular business.
Ways through which business adopts changes in consumer behaviour
It is true that like other industries, the tourism and hospitality industry is also changing and adapting to the trends which potential customers demand. In regard to the changes mentioned above, the ways for adopting consumer behaviour are as mentioned below-
Firstly, it can be stated that motivation is a way through which hospitality and tourism can adopt consumer behaviour. As mentioned in the era of digitisation, almost all companies are trying to adjust to the e-marketing mode. Therefore, it becomes necessary for tourism and hospitality companies to which a motivated human resources base is developed. After that, the essential way can be to understand consumers' perceptions. It is mentioned that if the consumers prefer luxury amenities, tourism and hospitality need to focus on infrastructure development. There is no doubt that having all kinds of modern benefits in the service process effectively develops a base of satisfied customers. The third way can be mentioned as learning and attitude. The market scenario is continuously changing in the current era of business globalisation. As a result, the customers preferences for tourism services are also altering. Along with this, the tourism and hospitality business authority can emphasise the reasons for changing consumers behaviour. Developing a strong base of belief between the business authority and consumers is necessary. Thus, it will never be an issue for the sector to adopt changes in consumer behaviour. It is obvious that if the four factors are appropriately maintained in hospitality and tourism, it will not create any issues in adopting consumer behaviour.
Conclusion
Thus, consumer behaviour depends on the quality of service offered by the tourism industry. There are specific prominent changes in the sector spontaneously and therefore. It is interesting for consumers to take support and services from their preferred tourism companies gradually. The essay revolves around the fact that the ways through which tourism is developing and adopting changes are so effective in maintaining service consistency for potential consumers. It is proven that consumers have shown a positive response to purchasing products when they have positive results.
TASK 2
CASE STUDY
Enhancing Customer Experiences: A Case Study on Services Marketing in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 2 Using an example from the tourism and hospitality, you are to write a case study on service marketing. Your case study should: 1. Start by describing what the services marketing approach is and how it differs from traditional marketing approaches 2. Through your example, showcase the benefits of services marketing for the tourism and hospitality industry 3. Distinguish the various aspects of Services marketing in the management of businesses within the industry
Word count 589
Date 19/05/2024
INDEX
Introduction1
Services marketing approach.1
Benefits of Services Marketing for the Tourism and Hospitality Industry2
Aspects of Services Marketing in Business Management within the Industry..3
Conclusion..4
Introduction
The tourism and hospitality industries place a high value on providing great client experiences. In this case study, we will look at the advantages and disadvantages of services marketing in the sector, demonstrating how it varies from traditional marketing tactics and how it affects corporate management.
Services marketing approach
The services marketing strategy is a specialised type of marketing that emphasises promoting and providing intangible services rather than tangible goods. There are several ways it differs from conventional marketing strategies:
Intangibility
Services cannot be touched, seen, or stored like physical goods because they are intangible. This necessitates that marketers communicate and demonstrate effectively to emphasise the benefits and value of services.
Inseparability
Services are frequently made and used at the same time, with service providers and customers having direct interactions. This requires areas of strength for client support, personalisation, and building connections.
Perishability
Because services cannot be retained for future use, demand fluctuates, necessitating appropriate capacity management. In the management of perishable services, time-sensitive pricing techniques and demand forecasts are critical.
Variability
Services can differ from one customer to the next and even from one interaction to the next. Key obstacles in service marketing include ensuring consistency and preserving service quality.
Benefits of Services Marketing for the Tourism and Hospitality IndustryTaking a service-based marketing strategy can greatly benefit the tourism and hospitality sector. Businesses can tailor their services to provide personalised experiences by comprehending customer needs, preferences, and expectations. This results in higher levels of customer satisfaction and increased customer loyalty. Services marketing permits organisations to separate themselves from contenders by zeroing in on novel assistance contributions, exceptional client support, and making essential encounters. This helps the firm get ahead of the competition in the industry. Businesses can increase revenue and profitability by identifying opportunities to upsell or cross-sell additional services or amenities to customers through efficient service marketing strategies.
The experience offered by a boutique hotel is a good example of the benefits of service marketing in the tourism and hospitality industry. A boutique hotel is known for its one-of-a-kind and individualised offerings, which place a strong emphasis on providing exceptional service and creating experiences that guests will never forget. The hotel, for example, may provide personalised welcome items, room dcor depending on guest preferences, and personalised suggestions for area activities and eating alternatives.
Aspects of Services Marketing in Business Management within the IndustryBusinesses must provide services that exceed client expectations and provide extraordinary experiences. Understanding client wants, performing market research, and developing service blueprints that explain the delivery method are all part of the process. Customer satisfaction and loyalty depend on consistent service quality. Quality control measures, service standards, and regular monitoring and evaluation of service performance are all requirements for businesses. In service marketing, it's critical to respond quickly and effectively to customer complaints and poor service. Strong service recovery procedures should be in place so that employees can solve problems and turn bad experiences into good ones. Advertising, public relations, and social media are all important marketing communication strategies for promoting services, interacting with customers, and managing the brand's image.
Conclusion
Services marketing is critical in the tourist and hospitality industries, since it improves client experiences, increases customer happiness and loyalty, and creates a competitive edge. Businesses can thrive in this dynamic and customer-centric industry by focusing on service design, quality management, employee training, effective marketing communications and adopting a services marketing approach. They will be able to provide exceptional service and establish long-term relationships with customers as a result of this.
ReferencesAltinay, L. and Arici, H.E., 2022. Transformation of the hospitality services marketing structure: a chaos theory perspective. Journal of Services Marketing, 36(5), pp.658-673.
Buhalis, D. and Sinarta, Y., 2019. Real-time co-creation and nowness service: lessons from tourism and hospitality. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 36(5), pp.563-582.
Herstein, R., Gilboa, S., Gamliel, E., Bergera, R. and Ali, A., 2018. The role of private label brands in enhancing service satisfaction in the hotel industry: Comparing luxury and boutique hotels. Services Marketing Quarterly, 39(2), pp.140-155.
Hussein, A.S., Hapsari, R.D.V. and Yulianti, I., 2018. Experience quality and hotel boutique customer loyalty: Mediating role of hotel image and perceived value. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 19(4), pp.442-459.
Konovalova, E.E., Yudina, E.V., Lagusev, Y.M., Shalaev, D.V. and Rassokhina, T.V., 2019. The conceptual basis of the tourism and hospitality industry's development. Journal of Environmental Management & Tourism, 10(4 (36)), pp.865-869.
Kotler, P., Bowen, J.T., Makens, J.C. and Baloglu, S., 2014. Marketing for hospitality and tourism.
Murphy, J., Gretzel, U. and Pesonen, J., 2019. Marketing robot services in hospitality and tourism: the role of anthropomorphism. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 36(7), pp.784-795.
Pholphirul, P., Rukumnuaykit, P., Charoenrat, T., Kwanyou, A. and Srijamdee, K., 2022. Service marketing strategies and performances of tourism and hospitality enterprises: Implications from a small border province in Thailand. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 34(5), pp.887-905.
Shabani, N., Munir, A. and Hassan, A., 2018. E-Marketing via augmented reality: A case study in the tourism and hospitality industry. IEEE Potentials, 38(1), pp.43-47.
ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 1 1. Provide a mind map showing the employment sectors the tourism and hospitality industry 2. Summarise the characteristics of ONE of the sectors 3. Select the job you aim to have within 5 years in that sector and list the skills and qualifications for it 4. Provide a career plan 5. Provide your CV to date, including your job experience, qualifications 6. Conduct a personal SWOT analysis using the skills and experience required for the job you selected 7. Reflect on the possibility of obtaining the job
Word count 1543
Date 19/05/2024
TASK 1Introduction
A proper career roadmap and effective skill development plans play a huge essential role in the increased employability of an individual. Sufficient academic knowledge and professional expertise help an individual to compete with other candidates more efficiently. Continuous development helps to build strong core competence to adopt new skills to achieve future goals preferable job role. Over the period, business and career opportunities have massively grown in the tourism and hospitality sectors, which introduced the demand for new and advanced academic and professional skills to maximise employability. A discussion will be made by creating a mind map for a job sector of tourism where skills identifications and career plans will be developed. Mind map of the employment sectors in the tourism and hospitality industry
Figure 1: Employment sectors in the tourism and hospitality industry
Characteristics of one sector
The sector of accommodation in the tourism and hospitality industry holds one of the most significant sections that maximise the customer service quality as well as requires advanced skills in the work. Accommodation refers to quality service to attend to customers and solve their requirements efficiently in the hospitality industry and businesses like hotels, restaurants, resorts and business organisations.
Accommodation plays a major role in the business growth and overall customer experience with a particular hospitality service or business.
Hence the accommodation is completely focused on the quality of customer service; hence the business growth is highly dependent on the shoulders of skilled employees and their operations.
Professional skills, personal expertise and experience to offer the best service to the customers or visitors are very crucial in accommodation as it helps to get more repeat business as well as customers.
Polite behaviour, humble nature and positive attitude towards the customers in the job are the main three essential pillars of accommodation that ensure the best customer service quality of a business.
In the hospitality sector, customer satisfaction refers to how happy the customer is with the employee's service, which is a significant part of accommodation. Because visitors have higher expectations for hotels, their total satisfaction with service is dependent on the quality of the hotel's services.Identification of required skills and qualifications for the selected jobIn order to get a job in the hospitality industry, the accommodation of sufficient academic and essential non-academic personal and professional skills is critical to maximising employability quality to achieve future career goals.
Educational Qualification: In order to work in accommodation services, the first essential factor is educational qualification.. Hence an individual needs to complete his graduation in hospitality or tourism management or hotel management from renowned hotel management and hospitality college.
Customer service skills: Quality customer service is the main key characteristic of accommodation jobs in hospitality. Hence the candidates need to have the proper knowledge and soft skills to ensure that the customers are happy and pleased with their service quality and professional behaviour.
Effective communication skills: Without sufficient communication skills, an employee cannot interact with their customer confidently. Therefore, it is vital that the candidates and employees have effective communication skills to greet their customers, make them comfortable and understand their issues to resolve them efficiently by interacting with them.
Flexibility skills: Employees in the hospitality industry deal with a variety of scenarios and operational challenges, some of which are unpleasant; thus, flexibility skill is essential to have. In these situations, the employees must find adaptable strategies for handling the situation while maintaining composure.
Stress and time management: Long shifts and often no-day-off workweeks become very stressful for new as well existing employees. Therefore, managing such circumstances without being stressed out, it is crucial that individuals have proper skills in time management and stress control.
Career Action plan
Objectives Activity Resources Actual outcome Time frame
To incorporate effective communication skills By participating in meetings of the team and by enhancing the entire communication process through imputing and improvising certain ideas . By gathering information from books and journals on how to properly work on inspiring myself to innovate my communication skills. I will also refer to books and journals and then think wisely about the ways which will provide enough data on the process of gaining swift knowledge regarding ways to adapt to appropriate ways of communicating well with people. I will become capable of properly communicating with all my team members and hence find success in fulfilling all the tasks that I will be bestowed with. Within 3 months
To improvise the working of technical skills By taking admission in classes that provide training and practice on the working of technical skills. I will practice all the things that I will learn from the technical classes and will also go through online mediums that will provide me with the necessary information regarding the proper exercising of the technical skills to gain the needed execution capability. I will become technically sound and profound and will be capable enough to get a grip over technology as per my knowledge and demand. Within 4 to 5 months
To work on problem-solving skills For this, inculcating an in-depth knowledge about the problem and thinking wisely about the way it can be solved is needed. I will go to my seniors and learn from them the different ways they adopted while solving any set of critical problems and also learn from them about the different ways they adopted for solving the problems they faced . I will become capable of solving all the hurdles that I will face while executing any of the worlds that will be given to me. This will also increase my efficiency level and hence allow me to successfully grab onto every opportunity that I face. Within 5 months
To inculcate teamwork spirit By participating in any collective work done by the team and hence also communicating any sort of information that is needed to be imparted from my part . I will be concentrating on myself getting involved in group discussions so that I never feel left out at work and also successfully complete the work that I will be given. This will be done by me with proper inculcation of team spirit and adjourned-communication of procedures. I will be able to work in teams and foster team spirit within me to get the work done in an efficient manner. Within 3 months
Table 1: Action plan
CV data of work experience and qualification
Figure 2: Resume of the candidate
Personal SWOT Analysis
Strengths Threats
Helpful in nature
An accomplished and accommodating demeanour
Multi-tasking capability
Technology skills
Scheduling skills in relation to software I lack adequate communication skills that possess a threat to my restraining capability under an organisation.
I possess a serious threat as I lack complete knowledge of all the technical skills needed for completing a project.
Threats regarding myself not getting properly endangered in teamwork is also responsible for my incapability to work with the other team members.
Weaknesses Opportunities
I do not have an appropriate set of communication skills
I lack the adequate amount of transport within me
I lack the spirit of engrossing myself completely in action.
Though I have adequate technical skills, I still lack the capability of working on the same in a full-fledged manner.
I have the opportunity to improve my communication skill
I have the opportunity of endorsing myself completely in the working of teamwork to get the desired results.
I also can boost up my technical skill, since I have the opportunity to do so.
I also can work on engaging myself in any discussions that are taking place.
Table 2: SWOT analysisReflection on job possibility
In order to get a job in the hospitality industry in the accommodation sector as a professional receptionist professional skills like effective communication, technical skills, problem-solving skills and teamwork spirit will be the best qualities. Hence if I adopt effective communication skills, I would be able to interact with the customer more efficiently which would increase my potential employability for the job role. Additionally, if I adopt advanced technical skills then I would be able to conduct all types of administration work on digital platforms using different types of gadgets.
The quality of problem-solving skills would not only help me to become more flexible for the job but also would increase my eligibility for an accommodation job. In the end, the teamwork spirit would help me to create a professional identity among my teammates or colleagues which would help me to enhance the operational efficiencies to get better job opportunities in this sector in future. ConclusionIn order to conclude the study, it can therefore be stated that in Task 1, concentration has been on reflecting on the different ways that provide space for development and also concentrated on the ways that still lack weakness. Task 1 completely provides accounts of the opportunities and threats that are possessed and also in a reflective manner speaks about the different styles those weaknesses could have been overcome and mitigated to get the desired result. Therefore, task 1 is presented in a reflective style, speaking on the behaviour of the candidate and the points that surround him.
TASK 2
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 2 To meet the skills and experience gap, you will need to acquire and develop skills as well as take on new courses. To do so, you will need to apply different learning styles. Referring to Honey and Mumford (2006) write an essay regarding: 1. Explain the four learning styles 2. Summarise the results of your learning style test. 3. Using the results, explain your learning so far.
Word count 1375
Date 19/05/2024
IntroductionContinuous learning and personality development play a major important role in professional as well as personal competencies improvements. By identifying self-strengths and weaknesses individuals enhance their qualities in strengths and overcome their weaknesses to get potential opportunities as estimated long-term future goals. The method of Honey and Mumford's learning style helps an individual to determine his own qualities and skills to get a suitable and effective learning style to maximise self-quality development in a proper direction. An essay will be written on the development of required skills and qualities to mitigate the professional skill and experience gap using the Honey and Mumford learning method.
DiscussionHoney and Mumford model of learning styles asserts that four learning styles are there and each individual needs to have a clear understanding of his or her particular learning style to ensure the maximisation of the opportunities for effective knowledge acquisition and learning . This enhances the individuals versatility in different learning situations. To determine the learning styles of the individuals it is essential to use a questionnaire involving scores for each learning style.
Activists are one of the four different learning styles according to the Honey and Mumford model and the people who full-fledge this learning style are generally open-minded, which makes them early adopters and they always show enthusiasm for learning new things. They also believe in engaging others in decision-making for brainstorming new ideas to solve different kinds of problems. This learning style ensures task-orientedness of individuals as they use their new ideas to solve specific problems in projects.
They are capable of generating ideas without following any particular policy. On the other hand, people with a Reflector learning style make the decisions after viewing the aspects based on different perspectives, and they prefer to listen to the opinions of others before making the final move. They are generally involved in exchanging views with others in the team and in activities, which do not require much planning before implementing a strategy or performing an action.
Another type of learning style is pragmatist learning in which the individuals aim at applying a set of different techniques, theories and ideas to determine whether they are applicable in practice. They search for different ideas and apply them to make practical decisions in specific circumstances. In simple words, they are always up for taking new risks to developing an accurate solution. They are sometimes impatient with open-ended discussions that often hinder their learning of new aspects of a problem.
Theorists are those who have the ability to integrate and adapt their observations with the help of a logical understanding of the theories and concepts. They are generally highly analytical and they can come up with logical solutions for every problem. They often find it challenging to agree with others as they often end up perceiving others opinions to be irrational. They believe in collecting information from different sources and analysing the same from different angles prior to arriving at a conclusion.
The learning-style test reveals that my learning style falls under the categories of theorist and reflector more as compared to the other two categories. My theorist learning style has got 9, which is the highest amongst the scores for other learning styles. This could be due to the ability to think about a problem in a logical manner and find solutions for the same in a step-by-step way to enhance the likelihood of successful resolution of the issue through the application of logical theories (Oliveira et al. 2020). However, I might find it challenging to accept others views when those views would not match my ideas and opinions [Referred to Appendix 1].
On the other hand, the pragmatist-learning style has got only 4, which indicates that I cannot accept the application of new ideas or theories apart from the pre-existing ones as I do not prefer to take risks in any circumstance. This often becomes a challenge, especially when specific situations require me to make practical decisions . Therefore, it could potentially affect the process of developing a proper resolution strategy for a specific problem. I often find it difficult to implement proper techniques when resolving particular issues due to my lack of technique-orientedness.
I have also scored high in the evaluation of my Reflector learning style, which indicates that I have the ability to view and analyse problems from different angles before making any ultimate decision as I prefer to be cautious rather than taking any risk while making decisions. I prefer to spend a considerable time observing and listening; however, in cases of disagreement with my take on a specific issue, I tend to step back and go ahead with my plans rather than consider others opinions. It does not only enhance the risks associated with the development of dissatisfaction amongst others in a group; however, it also enhances the risks of taking a huge time in making a viable decision.
My score in activists-learning is medium and this reflects that I am often bored with the implementation of long-term solutions. The medium score in activist learning indicates that I often lack optimism and open-mindedness, which causes me to resist certain changes in my existing ideas and theories. Thus, coming up with a proper solution to a specific problem often becomes quite difficult. I also do not show enthusiasm when I am assigned tasks involving challenges that I have never faced in my life due to a medium level of flexibility in performing my jobs.
As I am prone to learn based on the principles of the theorist-learning style, my biggest strength is logical thinking through which it will be possible for me to develop logically and financially viable solutions for effective resolution of all problems . This strength will help me to solve different facets of problems of the clients as a receptionist or an administrative staff in the hospitality industry. Further, my ability to adopt a disciplined approach in every circumstance could help me in providing the customers and clients with the best possible solutions to all their queries.
I could develop this strength through continuous development of the ability to ask relevant questions and understand the logic behind every problem that could help in providing the best possible solutions to the customers in accordance with the issues faced by them in different situations. I will try to capitalise on this strength to come up with the most viable solution in a situation to ensure the satisfaction of clients and customers. However, I need to enhance my capability of facing uncertainties in specific situations through the development of my adaptability.
My score as a pragmatist-learner is significantly lower compared to my score as a learner based on other learning styles. This sometimes makes it quite difficult for me to come to a proper conclusion due to my lack of ability to apply new ideas and techniques in different situations as I tend to avoid taking risks. This does not ensure effective solutions in all the scenarios, and therefore, it could be quite challenging to work collaboratively with other members of a team.
As a receptionist, it will not be possible for me to solve all kinds of customers queries in accordance with their different needs and preferences. Thus, I need to work on my lateral decision-making skills for ensuring fast resolution of problems even when it requires me to take different types of risks. My technique-oriented skills are to be improved for coming up with effective solutions in a fast and easy way without taking so much time in making decisions considering the views of others in the team.
Conclusion
In order to conclude the study, it is evident that my lack of ability to adapt to new situations due to a significant problem in learning by following the pragmatist-learning style is often becoming a major problem in solving critical problems while hampering my ability to work in a team. Further, a lack of adequate communication skills is also hampering teamwork, which would have a potential negative impact on my performance while working as a receptionist or administrative staff in the hospitality industry. Hence, providing a proper solution to the customers problems could be challenging that require me to work on my areas of weaknesses.
Appendices
Appendix 1
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Appendices
Appendix 1
UNIT 5:
EVENTS MANAGEMENT
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 1 Your first task is to create an information brochure for Great Events Ltd, your brochure should be divided in 3 sections: Cover page with contact details Section 1: This section should include a broad classification of event (from small to mega events) as well as examples for each category. This section must provide details regarding the characteristic of each kinds of events. Section 2: This section should include examples of venues suitable for running the events. You should also promote the benefits of hosting events. Section 3: This section should provide details about what the MINCE (Meetings, Incentives, Networking, Corporate hospitality and Exhibitions) sector is, how it developed and what each element is
Word count 2305
Date 19/05/2024
Events and types
Great event LtdOpposite Inox Multiplex, Panaji,Goa - 403001
Open Now: Mon-Sun:- 9:00 am - 9:00 pm
3
Task 1: Types of events
Events serve some specific purpose and it aims toward the focused outcome. Some common examples of an event are anniversaries, birthdays, the launch of some products, or something related to entertainment like a concert. All the events which occur are categorized according to size. The four main categories according to the size of the event are divided into four parts:
Mega events
Special events
Hallmark events
Major events
Minor event
Mega event
These are the events that affect the whole country. These types of events usually receive a lot of media coverage and they are almost impossible to ignore. Some common examples of this event are the Olympics, World cups, and, World Fairs. For an event to qualify as Mega status, the attendee mark should cross the 500,000 mark. Several Mega events are held annually; it offers a large number of planned activities. In addition to it, it also attracts people from around the world and is usually international. An event cannot be classified as a Mega event if it is held for the first time. The majority of the events are classified as Mega events if the event is held two or more two times. An event must achieve Mega status, so the organizers can organize it more simply.
The best example of a Mega event is Olympic Games, which occur every four years and each time in a different location. For example in 2012, it was held in London, and in the year 2016, it was held in Rio de Janerio. The 2020 Olympics was held in Tokyo. The games are highly important as they attract international and national attendees and media attention. The host cities face high costs, leading to a large negative and positive impact on the population and environment.
Special events
This is the last type of event that is categorized. These events are local or are organized at a much smaller scale when compared to the mega event. This event is also categorized by public and some examples of it are some sporting events, corporate events, public events, tourism events, and cultural events. The Special Event is mostly used to describe the themed event. These events occur usually on- or off or occur outside the normal program of activities. These events work towards recognizing some of the unique moments which are performed in some ceremony or ritual so any specific need can be satisfied.
4
Hallmark event
These events are mainly identified with the spirit of a city or town. The people take a strong sense of pride in a hallmark event. The hallmark events are majorly expositions, fairs, and sporting and cultural events of international status. The main purpose of a hallmark event is to promote a host community and here all the opportunities are secured. For example, high prominence in the tourism market, they are necessary and also generates a huge amount of tourist revenue. Some common examples of Hallmark events are Carnival in Rio, Tour De France, La Tomatina, Oktoberfest, and Edinburgh Festival.
Major events
Another type of event is classified as a Major event; this event is important because it helps to attract an important number of visitors. In addition to it, it also helps to attract a good volume of media coverage and it benefits the economy in a better manner. Some common examples of major events are The Commonwealth Games, Opera Festival, and Tall Ship Races.
Minor event
A minor event is defined as an event that exceeds more than four hours in duration and the footfall is less than 100. Some common example is a small wedding ceremony or some small group gathering.
Section 2: Venues of event
There is a large variety of venues that are present, and all the venues which are present vary greatly in style, size, and types of events and services that can be accommodated. There is a certain event that often offers overnight accommodation, while there are some which solely focus on the event space. On the other hand, several venues are flexible and they can accommodate a variety of event styles. Some areas are flexible while some are presented with limited ability to accommodate. Convention centers are sizable indoor venues and it uses a large group of people who has some common interest and goals. Another example of a suitable venue is the conference center, it is a large and flexible venue. It mainly offers a high level of service when compared to standard convention centers. The majority of the conference center also provides overnight accommodation and different meeting rooms.
A hotel is also an effective example of a venue, it is mostly preferred for some business meetings, weddings along with parties. All the hotels do not provide space for events, the large private events are mostly suited for hotels that have in-house restaurants, and offer staff service and impressive dcor. Restaurants are also good places to celebrate fine dining
5 and five-star cocktails. There are top-tier restaurants that offer some private bookings for corporate dinners, parties, and other special events. Several things need to be considered while selecting a venue, these are accessibility and ambiance. The ambiance should match the desired feelings of the event, it should be high-tech, and upscale and additional decoration should be done if required. The accessibility of the location is highly important, hence, while selecting the location it is important to ensure it is accessible.
In many cases, community centers are also selected for a venue or any recreational facility. It is selected as it offers low-cost event space for planners who are on a budget. Several community centers run multipurpose rooms and provide some basic event services at an hourly rate. Any person who is looking for a space to organize an event can easily contact the local community or the nearby recreation centers so they can confirm the event in the facility. The art galleries which are present also is a good option, it is an ideal place for networking, parties, fundraisers, and other private events. All these can be hosted at an art gallery; these venues are excellent examples to repeat any event. Most of the art galleries exhibit and rotate all the exhibitions regularly, this helps to make the types of venues an important choice so the events can be repeated effectively. The planners have the ability so they can host a non-profit fundraiser, this will ensure that the donors and the repeat guest are not bored. The planners host the non-profit fundraisers along with quarterly networking meetings. This ensures that the repeat guests are not getting affected and they receive the best care. In some cases,
6 according to the needs, and special occasions the event venue selected has historical or cultural significance.
Some large-scale events are also organized in large fields such as a stadium. These areas provide large surface areas where any event can be organized. It also provides bandwidth to handle a such large crowd.
Another important thing while selecting the venue is to check the parking. A venue with parking is preferred by a large number of people. Reserve parking is highly necessary and the ticket should include the cost of the ticket price. If by any chance parking is not available, then services like Ola and Uber should be present. This will provide the attendees to share a cab or ride with each other. The capacity of the venue should be pre-decided and all the safety codes should be established. It should be well-connected to other areas. It is necessary to make an adjustment based on the feedback, this will help to make the venue a better place. All the basic services and amenities should be present, for example, if the venue has kitchen or catering services. Along with food, it should be ensured that the table, linen, and chair are present or not. These items save a great deal of money and in many cases, all these items help to set the ambiance and theme accordingly. The layout will also be finalized, this will provide a rough idea about the types of activities that are required and the needs of the team
members. The layout will affect the flow of traffic, the crowd attending the event, and the standards of the events which are held. Insurance is highly important, as it will protect against any loss. The acoustic needs to be handled, and the music should be such that it does not lead to strain in hearing.
Section 3: MINCE sector
MINCE mainly stands for Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Exhibitions. It is important as it represents a lucrative part of tourism all across the globe. MICE is used commonly used in business tourism at the lowest level, it aims to bring together top professionals from every sector. It provides top professionals from every sector in an enhanced form in the hospitality sector. The different sections are described below and these are: Meetings, this is mainly held in the conference room or at the convention center. These are single-day events that bring together all the groups of professionals so the key challenges can be addressed and goals can be set for the organization. Another component is the incentives; these are the travel reward that is made by the company for the excellent performance of the individual employees or the partner. For example, a few days in a resort, or hotel with popular hospitality helps to do wonders for employee loyalty. The next component is the conference, it takes the meeting to next level and is designed for the large corporate group. 7 It shares knowledge across a large field. It has been observed that not only the key members of the organization are involved, but also the guest speakers are involved.
The last component is the exhibition; these are some essential trade shows. In this, the organization promotes key products and other services to the public. In addition to it, it helps the employees they can build long-lasting relationships and helps to build a network.
Several skills are required to excel in MICE management and some of the basic skills are creative, interpersonal, technical skills and organizational skills. Innovative creativity is highly important and it designs for the original events and concepts. The right venues and the market should be analyzed carefully. Other than this several soft skills should also be learned such as empathy, teamwork, patience, and problem-solving skill is highly important. The hospitality market creates scope for a large number of people. The service staff should be such that it meets the industry-specific program so new dimensions can be added to the overall infrastructure. The companies take care of all the important factors which are present and work is done to build them effectively. There is a full range of logistic services which are present, this also provides
preferential rates and it is based on the buying power of some supplies. The MICE industry is a highly important contributor to national or regional economics. The MICE industry contributes a large sum of money to the economy to contribute effectively to the industry. Several countries rely heavily on the tourism industry and it is a very high contributor to the success. Five external factors influence the MICE sector and these are mentioned below. Economic condition plays a vital role as the condition of the economy is fully capable to influence the bidding and determine the important documents. Another important component is supply and demand, this is necessary as it helps to set the price according to the request which is been initiated. The elasticity of demand is an important factor as it determines and interprets the nature of bidding. The nature of bidding also helps to determine the nature of the agency. Competition is also an important factor, and it is the most calculated external factor. The price competition to bidding might be strict and it provides the lowest price. The factor which is discussed is government oversight, it is an important factor that should be taken into account when the pricing is taken care of. The analysis of these external factors is highly useful as it helps to determine the weakness, strengths, threats, and opportunities of the company.
MINCE has a huge impact on tourism, they attract tourists, and in addition to it, they have the opportunity to boost the return of the establishment along with reputation. Several studies show that MICE tourism makes at least up fifty percent of business travel. This industry synergizes the increasing
revenues and sales along with ideas. As this is a service industry it takes care of transportation, finance, travel, and sales.
There are several positive impacts on the MICE sector, it is important to work towards it and improve the positive impact on the MICE sector. When the MICE tourist is attracted they boost the return of the establishment and also improve reputation. There are several elements and factors which are identified and these are business travelers, perception, satisfaction, and marketing strategy. Some of the key players in the MICE industry are the Maritz, ITA group, One10, LLC, and incentive and incentive worldwide. The content aspect such as digital transformation and strategic consumption will take place. There are several stakeholders which participate in improving the status of tourism.
Several ways are adopted to improve the MICE business, these are mentioned below. Brand awareness should be increased; this will help people to get an idea about the brand. It increases the authority of a particular topic; this also helps to create awareness. Another positive impact is that it increases trust with the customers along with prospects. In addition to it, it boosts traffic and leads.
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Task 2
Pitch
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 2 Before sending to the exhibition, and since you are to meet with potential clients, your manager (your lecturer will play the role of your manager) wants to hear your sales pitch. You will need to convince your clients that the positive impacts of events outweigh the negative impacts. Your pitch should 1. Start by explaining the relationship between tourism, hospitality and events. 2. Provide an example of event in a tourism destination. 3. Explain the positive and negative impacts that the event has/had on the destination. 4. Suggest ways to increase the positive impacts. 5. Suggest ways to decrease the negative impacts.
Word count 2472
Date 19/05/2024
Relationship between tourism, hospitability, and events
The tourism industry plays an important role, and it directly impacts the hospitality sector. Tourism directly relies on the hospitality industry for some of the best industries. The hospitality industry mainly controls some of the important services. They are the supplier of services for tourism such as accommodation, leisure activities, food and beverages, and tourism and it makes tourism enjoyable. There are several similarities between tourism and hospitality and one of the most common is to serve people while they travel. Both of these factors are highly competitive and it is an ever-changing field. The people can adapt to the changing market and work environment, they are highly competitive and are involved in the changing field which requires people they can adapt to the changing market and the work environment. Mainly the tourism industry is concerned with the people who travel for business or pleasure purposes. The travel industry has a wide scope and it mainly covers the duration and the purpose. Hospitality and tourism are directly and indirectly linked. It depends on the tourism and travel industry. The tourism industry helps the government to build all the important infrastructure such as bridges and the rail-lines. As the footfall in the country in the country is increasing the tourism sector is also boosted and this helps to uplift the economy of the country. Both these sectors impact the economic boom, they work towards robust foreign exchange, which increases income and also helps in GDP (Gross Domestic Product) growth. Tourism also helps in diverse employment opportunities, encourages to develop the local products, and mainly it is compatible with the other economic activities in a particular destination.
There are several components of tourism and some of these are mentioned below. Lodging and accommodation, entertainment and recreational activity, beverages and food industry, travel services, event and convention management, and country clubs. There are several economic impacts of tourism and it is aimed to expand the destination and the market. Tourism often helps to inject money into the community and helps in secondary economic development. However, tourism might lead to some negative impacts. One of the major points is that the property values might increase to such an extent that it might lead to unaffordability for the residents. Tourism comes in season hence when the seasons are not present then it affects the business. Tourism also affects the environment in which it operates. There are several destinations where the environment needs to be protected. Several policies and procedures need to be followed. In many cases tourism help to save delicate ecosystem with fauna and flora. There are several preservation techniques and resources which benefit the tourist but also the residents. Several impacts reach beyond local areas but affect the global ecosystem. The hospitality sector should find new and innovative ways to keep people engaged in the conversation. The type of resources and the employee are often required to accommodate the business. It can be a motel, and some campgrounds are somewhat similar. All the businesses which are conducted are often checked and the guest should be taken care of. All the people should be grouped and they should be worked effectively.
Example of a tourist destination
There are several types of tourist destinations, a tourist destination is a place that heavily relies on the tourist who comes to the place. It is large, for example, it can be a city, and however, it can also be small such as any coastal area, village, or resort. The tourist destination can be of many types and these are beach areas, natural areas, winter sports, or cities and towns. International tourism is very strong and it plays important role in the development of the economy. International tourism mainly refers to the activities which are undertaken by visitors, this is referred to as the visitor economy. The tourism industry takes care of all the activities which take place within the visitor economy. Paris is a much-preferred place by the tourist, there are several beautiful cafs which are present in Paris. The Eiffel tower is the beauty of the country, and the neighborhood of the country has its appeal. The Latin Quarter has captivating beauty, there are narrow alleyways and this adds to the beauty of the place. There are several monuments and museums present, the tourist seeks small surprises from these places. It is believed that in every corner of Paris there are famous sites. It might create a life-long passion, regarding the place. The Eiffel tower is the highest-ranking place that is visited in France and it is the most visited tourist attraction in the world. The iconic tower was designed by "Alexandre-Gustava Eiffle in the Paris Exhibition of 1899. The Eiffle tower mainly consists of 18,000 sturdy iron sections. This innovative structure is a masterful architectural feat in Paris. The height is 324 meters and it was the highest erected building until Empire State Building was present in the USA. Several events took place in Eiffle Tower. One of the most famous events is the Bastille event. In this fireworks are displayed on the 14th of July 2020. It is celebrated as a revolutionary day in Paris. It is mainly celebrated as a mixture of solemn military parades. In addition to it, it takes care of the fireworks and dancing. This event is celebrated in France for more than a century. This day marks the beginning of the French revolution. In this, the monarch was overthrown and then the republic set was based. A military parade is been done in this place, and the army officials participate in it.
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The positive and the negative impact of the event11
There are several positive impacts of the event which is held, one of which is that it acts as a major attraction for the tourist. As the tourist are attracted easily hence, it creates awareness. More and more people will become aware of the countrys history. The culture of the country will improve and it will help to understand the ancient regime. Event organization helps to gain some understanding of the event. It will help to raise the profile of the country and the city. As the popularity of the country is increased it will help in economic benefit. It will help in long-term investment, as more and more countries will invest in this and this will prove to be beneficial. A tourist place will also help in the jobs and investments hence, creating employment opportunities. In addition to it, this also creates short-term economic benefits, hence, it is preferred. There are several short-term benefits like economic benefits. However, along with the positive impacts, there are several negative impacts. It can lead to overpopulation in that place, it might create a shortage of resources. In addition to it, more and more people are coming to foreign countries then, which also increases the crime rate in the country. As the crime rate increases safety is affected, hence effective steps need to be taken to maintain security. Other than this overspending is a common problem in such events. If it is not learned at an early stage then it will affect the economic condition of the country at a later stage. One major problem is that there is no fixed track to build a schedule, and this creates problems in long run. The country which organizes the event often observes price inflation, all the items become expensive and this creates a problem for the common population. The major problem which is observed is that the risk of disease increases, as people from different places gather in one place. There are several environmental concerns also related to this, it can lead to population.
Understaffing is a major problem, in several cases, the optimum level of staffing is studied. The key stakeholders should be studied, and detailed information should be presented. While organizing such big events prioritizing networks is highly important. Networking affects the efforts and makes it easy to organize an event. A track schedule should be built and it is important to follow it, as it ensures all the events take place on time. A backup should be present, as it will save the resources from getting wasted. It is always necessary to have a second venue in mind so any chaos can be prevented.
How to increase positive impacts
There are several positive impacts and some of them described are: hire the right people, if the right people are hired then the whole task of organizing the events becomes easy. Meaningful dialogue should be established, this helps to convey all the messages easy and efficient manner. The whole environment should be such that motivation should be present, this will help to carry out all the tasks in an effective manner. To
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improve the positive impact on the hospitability or such a huge event it is necessary to invest in the team, investment in the team helps them to feel important hence, they work towards improving their skills. All the employees in the team should be empowered, this will help to make the employee independent. Communication is highly important, it helps to clear any misunderstanding which might be present. The team should be regularly asked for some feedback, this feedback then should be addressed carefully. Feedback is necessary as it helps in improvement where ever required, and this also helps in growth. The comment card and the online reviews which are presented are highly useful. These should be reviewed effectively, and then the changes should be made easily. The team should be cross-trained, and adequate training should be provided. Preventive measures should be adopted, these are some of the measures which prevent any accident which might occur. These preventive measures are highly important and all are aimed to improve the practice. It is necessary to understand the importance of preventive maintenance and work towards achieving it. As there are several positive impacts of hospitality, it is necessary to understand it analyze it, and then work towards it. Some valuable content should be present, this will help to optimize the website for the SEO, and hence, it will help in the growth of the place. The reviews of the place should be managed by the site where it is put, this helps to create a positive image of the place. When tourism is promoted it will help to preserve the local heritage of the place, in addition to it, it helps to improve the infrastructure and better local facilities should be provided. It is important as it helps to achieve better education, because of investment in the place. The leisure facilities which are organized are improved and it should be worked on. In some cases, frequent social events must be organized and a better lifestyle for the local people should be promoted. It is also a great opportunity to create better education, some cool leisure activities need to be taken care of. When the frequent organization of events takes place then the quality also improves and the lifestyle of the people is elevated. Several steps can be adopted to promote tourism and hospitality. The culture and the history of the city should be preserved, each destination has some unique story, and it will help to understand the culture. When the person gets to know about the place, it will help to offer some new tips. In addition to it, it is important to include the personal testimony which is present. The guides need to be present at the place so they can provide ideas about the place. All the updates need to be updated constantly, so the tourist is aware of the recent update and hence, the popularity of the place can be increased. The three important factors which are necessary to improve tourism are: the visa restrictions should be uplifted, some effective targeting marketing campaign should be used, and also work towards infrastructure should be done.
Ways to decrease the negative impact
Although there are significant negative factors, effective steps need to be adopted so as decrease the negative impact. When tourism to a particular place increases pollution and hence, steps should be taken to control it. The increased flights to a particular area, increase the carbon emission hence, increasing the pollution in that area. It is necessary to make an environmentally conscious choice. Hence, instead of choosing a cheap flight, instead, environment-conscious airlines should be chosen. While traveling it is important to be a mindful choice, traveling should be controlled, more non-stop flights should be taken, which reduces carbon emissions. Several organizations work towards cooling effects. Several organizations have several projects ongoing and it reduces carbon pollution. Some of the common examples are: building biogas digesters for the farmers and improving the cookstoves. It has been observed that places with high tourism often observe an increase in wastage production. The best way to reduce or avoid any excess waste is to carry waste-free tools. These tools help to avoid any unnecessary waste which can be easily created while traveling. Options such as biodegradable, organic, and reusable should be used. Some common examples are: reusable shopping bags, To-Go Coffee mugs, and self-cleaning reusable water bottles should be used. Straws and utensils should be reusable, stainless steel boxes should be used. At any tourist place, it is recommended to use public transportation. These public transportation are low carbon emitting modes of transportation. There are several places in the USA, which provide bike-sharing programs and reduce carbon emissions.
Eco-friendly activities needs and tour operators need to be chosen. This will help to protect the environment and any unethical experience needs to be suppressed. All the experience which is gained needs to be utilized carefully. The places where the tourist is staying should also be eco-friendly and all the options should be sustainable. These accommodations are innovative and it reduces the negative impact on the environment. As the demand grows more environment-friendly options are taken care of. Some of the important things which should be looked at in an eco-friendly hotel are: if they have eliminated the single-use plastic, they should actively contribute towards the carbon neutral business. Use of energy-efficient lighting should be used, any food waste should be eliminated or used. All these are essential steps hence, it needs to be taken care of. The local business and the people should be actively supported, this allows their economy to grow. At tourist places, it is necessary to eat seasonally, locally, and in a sustainable manner. In many resorts, it has been observed that about 50-90% of the food is imported from outside, which increases the carbon footprint. Meat consumption should be reduced, instead of it plant-based meals should be consumed, and single-use plastic should be avoided. Take away mug and container should be used.
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References
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Employability skills for MICE management in the context of ICTs.PloS One,17(7), e0271430. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271430Molina-Gmez, J., Mercad-Mel, P., Almeida-Garca, F., & Ruiz-Berrn, R. (2021). New perspectives on satisfaction and loyalty in festival tourism: The function of tangible and intangible attributes.PloS One,16(2), e0246562. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246562Rittichainuwat, B., Laws, E., Maunchontham, R., Rattanaphinanchai, S., Muttamara, S., Mouton, K., Lin, Y., & Suksai, C. (2020). Resilience to crises of Thai MICE stakeholders: A longitudinal study of the destination image of Thailand as a MICE destination.Tourism Management Perspectives,35, 100704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100704Rossell, J., Becken, S., & Santana-Gallego, M. (2020). 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TASK 2
Meeting and Feedback Form
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 1 A review of the previous performance appraisals is pointing at the manager of the team. The HR Director has asked you to have a one-on-one discussing with the manager to provide guidance. Have an informal meeting with the manager (your lecturer) and: Differentiate the differences between a group of people and a team List the characteristics of effective team Explain the importance of team work by providing 2 contrasting examples (one example expressing the consequence of poor team work, and one example demonstrating the benefits of good team work) Explain the role of managers in ensuring that the team are effective with some suggestions
Word count 613
Date 19/05/2025
1. Informal Meeting
Meeting
Participants: HR Officer (Me), and Manager
Agenda: Discussion on effective team building and the role of managers
Date: [3 May 2023]
Time: [4 PM]
Location: [Conference Room of the Office Premises at FlyEasy]
Discussion:
Hello, Manager!
I appreciate you being here today. As you are aware, we have been analysing the performance evaluations of the group you oversee, and we have learned that there have been a few incidences that have lost our company money and generated poor headlines. We've found that your team's inability to work together effectively was the main cause.
I want to start by defining the distinction between a team and a group of people. Simply said, a group of people is a collection of people who get together for a certain reason. A team, on the other hand, consists of individuals who collaborate to achieve a common purpose or objective. Several traits are present in effective teams. First of all, they collaborate to attain their goals and objectives because they have a clear grasp of them. Second, they engage in open dialogue and active listening while exchanging ideas and viewpoints. Thirdly, they respect and trust one another, which makes it possible for them to work together successfully. Last but not least, productive teams have a shared feeling of accountability and ownership for their job.
Now, I want to give two contrasting examples to illustrate the significance of teamwork. The first example illustrates the results of ineffective teamwork. Consider a team where members don't successfully interact with one another and operate in silos. Due to missed deadlines and duplication of effort, the performance of the company may suffer as a result. In addition, consider a team that, in contrast, efficiently communicates, shares information and concepts, and works together to achieve a single objective. As a result, there may be an improvement in decision-making, productivity, and performance of the company.
It is your responsibility as a manager to make sure your staff is productive. In order to do this, you should concentrate on fostering a supportive work atmosphere where team members feel free to express their ideas and thoughts. Additionally, you should establish precise goals and objectives, give your team the tools they need to succeed, and promote cooperation and teamwork. You should also set a good example for your team by acting like an effective team player and by giving regular criticism so they may get better.
In conclusion, developing a strong team is essential for the success of any business. It is your duty as a manager to make sure that your team works well together, communicates honestly, and cooperates to achieve a common objective. By doing this, you may contribute to the success of our company as a whole as well as the success of your team. Thank you for your time today, and if you have any questions or issues, kindly contact me.
2. Feedback Form
Employee Designation: HR Officer
Department: [Human Resources Department]
Manager's Name: []
Date of Feedback: [5 May 2023]
I, [Insert Manager's Name], have considered the aspects discussed in our last information meeting. Please note that I have recognized the value of collaboration within our company. I am determined to take the necessary steps to promote open dialogue and teamwork inside my organisation to make sure that we get the job done. To help my team perform better and make sure everyone feels appreciated and included in team activities, I will provide them feedback on their performance on a regular basis. I appreciate you taking the time to provide your viewpoints in the last meeting, which will help FlyEasy continue to enhance its team-building initiatives.
Signed,
[Managers Name]
TASK 2
CASE STUDY
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 2 You must write a short case study to explain illustrate what a PESTLE analysis and a SWOT analysis are. Your case study should start by explaining the concept of macro environment and micro environment before providing an example of a PESTLE analysis for an organisation of your choice within the tourism and hospitality sector. After carrying out the PESTLE analysis, you should then provide a SWOT analysis for that organisationWord count 1928
Date 19/05/2024
IntroductionP&O Cruises is the British cruise ship company based at Carnival House in England, functioned by Carnival UK and owned by Carnival Corporation & Plc. It was a subsidiary firm of the shipping corporation P&O and was established in 1977. With about 200 terminuses globally, P&O Cruises Itineraries are prudently curated to stimulate discovery and are diverse to suit experienced and newcomer guests alike. The company welcome visitors to experience holidays with the blend of choice, discovery, exceptional service and relaxation created towards British tastes. The main purpose of this case study is to analyze the macro and micro environment with the help of SWOT and PESTLE analysis. Macro environment and Micro environment
Each business enterprise is a fragment of the corporate environment, within which it functions. No firm can operate in separation as there are various aspects that distantly or closely edge the corporate which is recognized as the business setting. It is widely categorized into 2 types, i.e. macro environment and micro setting. Business operations are directly impacted by microenvironmental factors whereas macro-environment leaves an indirect impact on all businesses at a large scale.
Micro environment is considered as the setting that is in straight contact with a business firm and can impact the routine operations of the business. They can impact the performance and daily corporate operations, but for the short term only. Its components include competitors, suppliers, customers, advertising intermediaries, and the company itself.
The macro environment is regarded as the main uncontrollable and external factor that impacts the decision-making of the corporation. The company does not function unaccompanied in its business setting but functions in a greater context. It consists of forces that offer prospects, but at a similar time, also impose threats to the corporation. PESTLE analysis
PESTLE stands for the analysis of external aspects that are advantageous while performing research before beginning the new project or to assist in conducting market research. The learning of the macro environment is called Pestle study. The factors of pestle analysis that occur in the environment are political, economic, socio-cultural, legal, environmental, and technological. These variables reflect both non-economic and fiscal factors such as government policies, social apprehensions, population size, family construction, GDP(Gross Domestic Product), ethnic mix, political steadiness, tax rate, obligations, etc. SWOT analysis
SWOT analysis aids in interpreting the findings of the PESTLE analysis to recognize the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of business. It aids in understanding SWOT factors by categorizing the weaknesses and strengths as an internal assessment of the business, so analyzing within the business at controllable factors. The threats and opportunities are thus, categorized as external assessments of the business, so looking at external forces and impacts that are beyond the control of the business. Pestle analysis of P&O cruise company
The company offer the voyage experience to tourists via cruise ships. It belongs to the tourism sector and has been impacted because of the COVID-19 outbreak. The services of this industry stopped and restrictions were imposed to prevent the virus spread.
Political aspects Political aspects are the first element of the PESTLE outline that apply a strong influence on corporate and undertake a substantial role in recognizing the long-term sustainability of the business. The political aspect that impacted the company during COVID-19 was that the government placed restrictions on operating this industry. The reason behind this is to prevent the movement and spread of the virus.
Economic factors Economic factors consist of multi-faceted variables that directly impact the ability of a business to accomplish its economic objectives. P&O Cruise Company should gain a thorough understanding of such aspects to forecast the long-term and short-term corporate progresses in the tourism sector. Economic aspects like a decrease in GDP, unemployment, inflation, and several others have serious impacts on P&O cruise company. With the imposed restrictions, people have become unemployed, and GDP declined as the cruise industry being part of the tourism sector contributes higher to the economic growth. Inflation has arrived and global crises have been declared. After COVID-19, this sector is trying hard enough to arrive on track to function successfully soon.
Social factors Social factors present the main demographic features, norms, social morals, and rituals of the society wherein the company operates. The cruise has a high demand among consumers and most of them are repeats but the pandemic has impacted it adversely.
Technological aspects In todays corporate when the pace of technological advancements is hastening, and firms are widely investing in emergent know-hows to remain forward of the competition, it is substantial for P& O Cruise company to research and project the future and existing technical trends to assure long term sustenance of the business. When it arrives to the technological factors that have enhanced in the last few years and specifically during the outbreak, more and more innovations have taken place. The supply chain also can be made more competent by making dealing with the suppliers highly transparent using technology. Internet and mobile penetration and applications for mobile payments have to speed up the growth of the company as well.
Environmental factors Environmental study has acquired substantial significance in the modern business environment because of the raised observance of participants towards environment protection and sustainability. P&O Cruise corporation is advised to gain a thorough understanding of the environmental guidelines to evade any reputational harm and lawsuits in the marketplace. There are some environmental regulations and standards that exist at both national and local levels in the line of the cruise business. These policies have been made more strict that have a direct influence on the choice of plant location, the policy used in pricing and the progress of the product. During the pandemic time, P&O cruises company has made efforts to shift the focus to higher renewable energy and to reduce the carbon footprint as well.
Legal factors Dissimilar to political aspects that provide a broader picture, legal aspects offer highly detailed and particular information in relation to distinct laws and guidelines, majorly counting health and safety regulations, employment laws, consumer protection regulations and intellectual property laws. P&O cruise company may face exclusive lawsuits in case it fails to duly conform with the legislation of the host nations. There are safety and health laws that are to be strictly abided by each corporation in the cruise business. It can vary from nation to nation but adherence or non-adherence to such laws can have a significant influence on a company's survival as a whole. The corporations should also evaluate the protection of their intellectual property rights with reference to the legal mechanism of their respective nation. It is relatively simple for corporations to begin in the cruise line company because of the presence of the Competition Act 2002. SWOT analysis of P&O Cruise Company
Strengths
Stronger brand range Over the years, P&O Cruises has established a stronger brand range. Such a brand portfolio is tremendously helpful as the company desires to extend into novel product categories.
The mechanization of actions brought steadiness in the quality of P&O Cruises products and has allowed the corporation to scale down and up as per the market demand.
Effective performance in new marketplaces P&O Cruises has built proficiency at making entry into new marketplaces and making a success out of them. The development has aided the corporation in constructing a new stream of revenue and expanding the fiscal cycle danger in the market where it carries out operations.
Reliable suppliers It intends to have a robust base of consistent raw material suppliers, thereby permitting the corporation to mitigate supply chain disruptions.
Stronger free cash flows P&O Cruises have stronger free cash movements that offer possessions in the hand of the corporation to extend into new plans.
A strong network of distribution The company has constructed a reliable grid of distribution that can grasp the major proportion of its probable market.
Weaknesses
Outlay in R&D (Research and Development) activities is below the fastest-growing companies in the market. Even though P&O Cruises is investing over and above the trade normal on R&D, it has not become capable to strive with the principal players in the market in relation to the invention. Right now, the investment in capital technology is not at par as compared with the companys vision.
P&O Cruises is not effective at incorporating firms having distinct work cultures. As mentioned above, even when P&O Cruises is efficient at integrating smaller corporations it has its part of failures to merge companies that have distinct work cultures.
Require more outlay in new technologies - Provided the rise of development and distinct
characteristics, the corporation is required to undertake more investment in expertise to
incorporate the procedures in the business processes. Right now, the investment in capital
technology is not at par as compared with the companys vision..
Opportunities
The development of a new market will direct to dilution of its competitive edge and allow P&O Cruises to raise its competitiveness in comparison to its competitors.
Economic upright and rise in buyer expenditure after periods of pandemic and slow development rate in the business is the prospect for P&O Cruises to apprehend new clients and raise its market share.
The declining cost of conveyance due to dropping shipping charges can also bring down the cost of goods of P&O cruises, thereby offering the prospect to the corporation either to increase its profits or pass on the aids to the consumers to acquire market share.
New consumers from marketing activities on online platforms Over the last few years, the corporation has made an investment in online channels. This outlay has opened new channels of sales for P&O cruises company. In the next coming years, the corporation can influence this prospect by knowing its consumers well and helping their requirements by means of big data analytics.
Threats
Altering buying patterns of customers from online channels could be a risk to the prevailing physical substructure driving the model of the supply chain.
The demand for extremely money-making products is cyclical in nature and any unlikely event in peak season might influence the viability of the corporation in the short to middle term.
Stiff competition Steady profitability has raised the amount of participants in the business over the last 2 terms which has placed descending compression on not just profits but also on global sales revenue.
Shortage of a proficient workforce in a certain global marketplace presents the risk of consistent growth of profitability for P&O Cruises in such markets.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that P&O Cruises is the cruise line in Britain that welcome guests to experience holidays with exceptional services. The company operations are affected by both macro and micro-environment factors. The micro environment can be analyzed via SWOT analysis and macro-environment factors can be studied through PESTLE analysis. The political factors impact the environment that further recognizes the customer confidence in business. Political instability in tourist destinations acts as a big challenge that corporation has to overcome. P&O Cruises company is still making use of old technology. It acts as a great weakness for the well-known and great cruise industry as it has prevented the corporation from working at the optimal level because of the inefficiency of the present technological progressions. The major opportunity for P&O Cruises is that it can integrate with another firm that must support the corporation in diverse markets in the given industry. It has been analyzed that there is intense competition in the tourism industry.
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Unit 01: Contemporary Issues in Tourism and Hospitality
TASK 1
Name CLYDE JOSHUA VALES
Task 1 Using different academic sources (e.g. journals, books, etc.), but also magazines and blogs (e.g. the caterer, Destination UK, etc.) identify current environmental, technological and social issues and their impact on the tourism and hospitality industry. Make sure that all 3 aspects i.e. environment, technological and social are covered.
Word count 1991
Date 19/05/2024
Environmental Issues and their Impact in the Industry
Sustainability and environmental issues are some of the challenges that are affecting the hotel and tourism industry. A number of sustainability and environmental issues are affecting the industry. For example, water usage is one of the issues with many resorts and hotels having a lot of water being wasted from longer showers and big swimming pools. The situation is also the same in restaurants where the use of water is uneconomical especially in washing dishes and washing machines which are not used efficiently to save water. The other issue is on energy usage which is impacting all organizations within the hospitality industry. For example, electricity in restaurants is being misused as lights are not switched off when they are not in use. Energy in form of gas is also mismanaged. A lot of food wastage is also being observed in the industry. Foods which have not been used are being thrown away. This is creating a lot of environmental challenges due to pollution as well as the demand it is placing on the environment since there is need to produce more. A lot of food goes to waste mainly because it is not ordered or prepared well. Since most foodstuffs are perishable most of it is disposed.
Garbage waste is another important environmental issue in the hotel industry. Most of the items that are not recyclable are not disposed properly leading to a lot of solid waste. Broken cups, plastics and any other non-recyclable items are not properly disposed leading to a lot of pollution. In addition, hotels and resorts found along the beaches have also been accused of pollution. For example, construction along the beaches has created a lot of soil erosion leading to pollution of the environment. Natural flora and fauna have also been tampered with during such constructions. There has also been invasion of construction within national parks and reserves creating a lot of pollution in form of dust and disturbance for wild animals. This has also led to endangering of species in their natural habitats. Natural habitats are being lost due to increased pollution and gradual loss of environmental resources.
Pressure on natural resources such as water, food and energy are leading to competition between the tourists and the local community. Land degradation has also been on the rise with the depletion of the resources like the fossil fuels which has continuously led to global warming. Pollution has been on the rise with a lot of solid waste.
Sewage pollution is also affecting the industry with the big hotels and other recreational facilities being constructed along the seashore. Sewage pollution can penetrate and pollute the seas and the oceans. Sewage runoff can also have an effect on the coral reefs which contains the algae and this impacts aquatic life.
Quick infrastructure and development due to expansion to cater for increasing demand of tourist activities is also an environmental issue. This has led to soil erosion and removal of vegetation permanently leaving the land very vulnerable. Loss of biological diversity such as the rainforest, sea grass beds and coral reefs which are some of the tourist attraction sites under threat. Due to poor planning and regulation natural resources have been depleted due to the increased demand of tourism. Activities such as hiking and sea diving can also accumulatively harm to the ecosystem. Littering and trampling of vegetation during such processes interfere with many plant species. This is creating a lot of pressure and threatening biodiversity. Hiking is also disrupting wildlife habitat with the constant pressure of humans walking on the national parks. This interferes with borrowing mammals, reptiles and birds. Recreational boating also impacts tourism. Boating interferes with aquatic environment while negatively affecting the fishes, birds and turtles. The smoke produced by racing boats also pollute the air.
It is advisable that better environmental planning and management be done in order to factor expansion. With proper planning environmental pollution and deterioration can be reduced. It is a recommended that use of energy efficient materials and sustainable development and production techniques be used. For example, it is advisable that renewable sources of energy be used in form of lighting. There is also need for environmental awareness for employees to enlighten the terrorist travelling around to be sensitive about the environment. This is important to protect and maintain the environment for sustainability purposes. It is also possible to partner with other environmental conservatives to ensure sustainability. This can be done through creating parking fees, licenses and other sources of income which can be directed towards environmental conservation projects like tree planting. This will also help in managing the natural resources and conserving the activities and programs. Regulatory measures can help in limiting the negative impact of tourism. This can be done by controlling the number of tourist activities to reducing the pressure on local resources.
Technological Issues
Over the last two decades there has been a lot of changes in technology which has had a huge impact on the hotel industry. The latest impact of COVID-19 also led to use of technology especially in cashless payment methods and non-contact methods. Technology trends have been found to be increasing productivity and reducing response time consequently leading to better customer service. This has improved customer satisfaction rates. Restaurants, hotels and resorts have also been found to be saving a lot of time by reducing human efforts and also providing high quality customer service thanks to technology.
Checking in and checking out has also been made easy and does not require contact with humans due to technology. The use of online applications has led to increased revenues with most of the hoteliers preferring to check in and out and also select their menus through the mobile phone apps. Technology has also improved security with robots being used as a source of security in most entrances. Mobile robots have also been used in directing tourists to their destination and assisting them with their luggage hence reducing contact.
Technological use such as free Wi-Fi and other wireless connectivity in the conferences and meetings has also made it possible for most of the tourist to access data and digital facilities in conferences. Near field communication technology and the use of short range and high frequency wireless communication has also made it possible for customers to be able to exchange information from their locality. This has also enabled using mobile payments which are instant and secure just by a click of the smartphone.
Technology has also made it possible to self-check in and out within the hotels. Most are currently installing smart room access systems which are allowing customers to unlock their doors by swiping their mobile phones across the switch spots on the doors. This technology also means that the guests do not have to worry about picking up keys in the front desks and the tourists do not have to worry about the loss of their key rooms. The keyless experience is an innovative technological and development that has led to installation of fingerprint activated adventure room systems as well as use of retina scanning devices. The retina scanning devices is more accurate and secure compared to fingerprint scans. Fingerprint scans have been discouraged due to health issues. Meanwhile, both processes are enhancing security within the hotel rooms.
Technology has also ensured that most of the hotels have gone paperless with most of the records being stored in the cloud system. All the information about that clients are usually uploaded on the hotels server. In case of any challenges and uncertainties the files are usually retrieved from the server and all the information related to the booking is usually viewed and amended on point. Hotels and restaurants have also gone paperless which is also supporting the practice of sustainability. Currently no physical receipts are being demanded when customers make reservations and payments online. Even though most of the payments being done online are considered to be faster and easier there is a safety and security issue due to increase cases of cyber-attacks.
Lots of personal data especially on credit cards has been lost in the past. It is recommended that hotels ensure proper data security while engaging in online mobile transactions. It is recommended that the hotels ensure proper maintenance of their networks and servers as sometimes technology may interrupt services. Cloud computing and storage of data in cloud is recommended. Most of the time the networks may interfere with the process of booking. It is therefore recommended that proper updates be done on the servers to prevent cases of loss of network.
The use of social media in the hotel and tourism industry has also helped in marketing. Hotels and restaurants are currently using social media as a source of marketing for their services. The use of social media is recommended because it is faster and cheaper means of communication that reaches a large number of potential clients. Through the social media it has also been possible to respond to customers queries and challenges leading to prompt feedback hence leading to customer satisfaction.
Technology has also ensured that tourists are able to access remote areas through the use of Google Maps which makes it easy to navigate through rough terrains. Transport infrastructure due to technology has also made it easy for tourist to be able to plan and tour various destinations.
Social Issues
Tourism has always been limited to pleasure and relaxation. However, after the covid-19 pandemic there has been a diverse motivation to enhance health security while acquiring pleasure and relaxation. Of late, the concept of tourism has shifted to include health and well-being, business development and education. A lot of previous literature has discussed hospitality development for destinations and their relationship with the local communities. However, it is important for the current researchers to consider the tourism role in relation to other factors such as tourism as a source of peace in relation to justice. It is understood that tourism industry may contribute to social harm while also create a lot of social benefits. Tourism industry has been a source of human trafficking and sex tourism. Challenges on socially deviant tourism activities such as smoking of recreational cannabis and the demand for legalization of the same are also on the rise. Cases of racial discrimination from the tourist are some of the social challenges that are facing the industry.
It has also been noted that interdisciplinary investigations are required in order to potentially profile the threats of tourism industry and come up with their solutions. In order to create a sustainable development in relation to the tourism industry they need to create a public awareness that is going to help in benefiting both parties. The positive social benefits include preservation of lack culture and heritage. There is also commercialization of art and culture which is also propagating national heritage. Events and festivals have played the primary role of strengthening communities.
There are also negative social impacts of tourism like social change. Most of the communities are impacted by social change brought by tourists. The changing values have created negative vices such as gambling and change in family structures and roles. This has led to erosion of cultural heritage. Tourism has also caused a lot of demand for hotels which has consequently squeezed most of the inhabitants away from their dwelling places. Tycoons have bought vast parcels of land for hotel development and this has squeezed locals from their natural habitats. This consequently leads to loss of their cultural heritage. To avoid this, it is recommended that future expansion be done away from peoples dwelling places to preserve their cultural values.
In this case, maintaining proper cultural diversity and incorporation of vast cultural diet and cuisine will make it possible to attract a lot of tourists. Improved infrastructure and proper networking with the local leaders and communities will also make it smooth for the tourists.
TASK 2
Name CLYDE JOSHUA VALES
Task 2 Select an organisation with which you are familiar and assume that you are the marketing executive of the organisation.
Your organisation is considering launching a new product/service, and the marketing manager has asked you to deliver a presentation to the board. Your presentation must show how the new product or service aligns with the current business strategy.
Word count 1500
Date 19/05/2024
Executive Summary
After the covid-19 break the tourism and hospitality industry is seen to be on the rise. The future of the hospitality industry is indicating that personalized attention is key to sustenance in the industry. This means that the industry is a people focused industry to ensure proper customer service. Even though technology is taking over but humans are needed to control the robots. Robots will never replace humans.
Increased used of technology is also another trend that is affecting the future of the industry. AI and cloud-based PMS(Property Management System) have been on the rise. Guests can check in and out online and can schedule their travels without any contact. Smart mobile technology is also allowing for prompt online payments which has also reduced a lot of paper work in the industry.
Most of the hotels are also aligning themselves with more sustainable and eco friendly practices as customers become more sensitive to the environment and sustainability issues. In addition, most consumers are also concerned about their safety and health especially after the Covid-19 pandemic. This has led to increased use of technology which has reduced contact. The future of the industry predicts less contact with more of online and technology. The current trends are also showing that most employers prefer employees working remotely and from home. This is reducing congestion at workplaces while also reducing transport costs while providing employees with the comfort of remaining digital nomads.
There is also a current trend known as Bleisure. This is a mix of business and leisure. It is an upcoming market segment that must be embraced. Most travelers wish to have fun and mix it with business. This has seen most business trips extended to weekends for leisure purposes. This trend is expected to continue and hotel management should ensure that their packages are inclusive of Bleisure. This will attract and retain customers. By offering incentives and convenient business and leisure environment hotels can make a kill on this new segment.
References
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Farmaki, A. (2017). The tourism and peace nexus. Tourism Management, 59, 528540.
Fernndez-Herrero, M., Hernndez-Maestro, R., & Gonzlez-Benito, M. (2018). Autonomy in Trip Planning and Overall Satisfaction. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 35 (2): 11929.
Fodness, D., & Murray, B. (2017). Tourist Information Search. Annals of Tourism Research, 24 (3): 50323.
Garson, G. D. (2020). Multilevel Modeling: Applications in STATA, IBM SPSS, SAS, R, & HLM. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.
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Soshkin, L., & Uppink, M. (2022, April 14). Travel & Tourism Development Index 2021: Rebuilding for a Sustainable and Resilient Future. Retrieved from weforum: https://www.weforum.org/reports/travel-and-tourism-development-index-2021/
Unit 5 Finance Management in Tourism and Hospitality
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 1 You have recently joined Tourism Magazine, a magazine specialising in Tourism and Hospitality. The magazine is aiming at helping new and existing businesses developed. The next issue is focusing on accounting and your task is to write a series of articles for the magazine. You will need to conduct some investigation in order to publish articles that are relevant and interesting
Word count 2000
Date 19/05/2024
1: Purpose of Accounting
Accounting is the recording and summarizing of financial data of a company's financial performance, financial situation, and cash flow. This data is then used to make decisions about business operations, investments in the company, and loans to the business. Accounting records are used for collecting data. Accounting records are made up of accounting transactions that are documented either through basic business transactions (such as customer invoices and supplier invoices) or more specialized transactions (such as journal entries) The financial information is consolidated into accounting records. The following are the financial statements:
Statement of profit and loss
Statement of financial position
Statement of cash flows
Statement of retained earnings
Disclosures of the Financial Statements
Accounting principles are regulations that govern the preparation of financial statements. GAAP and IFRS are the most well-known principles. Depending on the framework the individual employs, the outcomes shown in the financial statements can be changed. The framework utilized by a corporation will be determined by the recipient of its financial statements. The reports can be created by the accountant for particular purposes, such as determining how much money the company made from selling a product or how much money the company made from sales in a certain location.
Companies use accounting systems to establish their operational budgets and manage their costs and debts or income. An accounting system can also be used to manage payroll, taxes, and other business-related accounts like compensation for employees. Accounting responsibilities might be engaged with an authorized public accountant or outsourced to an internal accounting department. Accounting system mismanagement may lead to financial calamity for small enterprises. Even small companies need budgeting to keep operations operating effectively. Budgeting is evaluating all of financial goals and making a financial plan to maintain payments, and profit and revenue predictions on track. Companies that lack a solid accounting system risk underestimating their profits, which can lead to company collapse.
Accounts payable are payments made by a company to cover its different operational expenses. Bills can be paid late or unpaid fully due to the lack of an organized accounting process, resulting in a range of concerns such as product delivery delays, electricity outages, a reduction in insurance coverage, or other devastating repercussions. All of these difficulties can have an impact on the productivity and profitability of an organization.
2: Use of Computer
Manually accounting transactions need the keeping of books of accounts, such as a diary, cash book, special purpose book, ledger, and so on. These books are used to manually collect transaction reports and produce financial statements. Modern technology includes devices that can do many accounting operations, such as billing software that can compute discounts, and net totals, and send the necessary data to the proper accounts. The computer is an important part of the accounting system. The value of a computerized accounting system to a company is incomparable. There are many ways in which a company benefits by using a computerized accounting system. It increases the efficiency and productivity of the workforce and also saves time.
The computerized accounting system is one of the best ways to ensure that the company operates efficiently and maintains track of all the financial information is to have. It is also an efficient way to save money and time. The use of computers makes it easier to enter financial information into the system, which is subsequently updated as needed. Computerized accounting systems assist in the management of companies. When data is entered into the system, it makes it easier to retrieve information. Employees have access to all financial data at all times. A good data storage system is crucial for any organization. Data uploaded into a computerized system may be kept quickly and permanently. Companies do regular backups of their systems to ensure that nothing is lost. It also makes it easier for companies to share financial information. Financial statements may be generated directly from the system and provided to those who require them. Furthermore, the data within the system is always correct and up to date. Management can access an online report, making decisions more reliable and quicker.
QuickBooks is one of the best accounting software systems available. It is accounting software for small and medium-sized businesses. QuickBooks was created over two decades ago by an American business called Intuit. QuickBooks allows individuals to monitor and manage all of their sales, purchases, and costs in one spot. QuickBooks also helps companies with handling payroll. the following are the benefits of using this software:
The integration is a significant advantage of Quickbooks. Once a company owner fills all of their business revenue and costs into the application, they can quickly transfer the data to their preferred tax preparation software, reducing the pressure of income tax filing. Quickbooks are smoothly designed with Microsoft Excel, allowing users to load data from external sources and use it in Quickbooks.
Quickbooks has various pre-made templates that business owners can use to create invoices, spreadsheets, charts, and business plan documents. The company can also change the designof those documents, making them less generic and helping them stand out from the crowd. Customizing invoices is very useful since companies can include their logos and information about each line item.
Quickbooks can help business owners who approve a large number of checks/cheques each month by saving time. Quickbooks allows business owners to automatically scan and submit their signature data, which canbe utilized for creating the appropriate checks for their company. This automatic method is easier and more efficient than manually writing hundreds of checks/cheques each month.
3: Type of companies
There are multiple types of companies. There is no standard approach for selecting the proper business entity for the company. It is determined by the unique company objectives.Here are some of the most common business entities to help individuals find the correct structure for the company:
Partnership: A partnership is an organization that is controlled and owned by a group of people who agree to share earnings and liabilities. Each partner is personally liable for the responsibilities of the other. A partnership is sometimes known as a pass-through business since any revenue created by the partners is given to them directly. For example, two individuals own a business but do not register it as a separate company with the government. In such a case, the company will be considered a partnership. Many people, start a partnership by signing a partnership agreement.
There are three types of partnerships General partnerships, limited partnerships, and limited liability. A general partnership is an association formed by two or more persons to establish a corporate organization. The earnings, losses, and liabilities of the company entity are shared by all partners. General partners are held liable for the operations of the company.
A limited partnership (LP) is made up of both a general and a limited partner. A limited partner simply contributes money and does not actively run the company. They also have better security against business liabilities. An extra form of limited partnership (LLP) is one in which all partners are protected from responsibility.
Limited Liability Company: A Limited Liability Company (LLC) is a combination between a corporation and a partnership. An LLC is a corporate entity that protects its owner from personal liability. However, for tax and operational objectives, an LLC is also a partnership. To operate, an LLC, like a corporation, has to be registered with the appropriate state agency.
Sole Proprietorship: A sole proprietorship is a business that is owned and run by a single proprietor or two owners who do not operate the business as a separate legal company. Self-employed people often use sole proprietorships. A sole proprietorship is a pass-through entity, which means that the money is reported on the owner's personal income tax returns. Furthermore, the proprietor is personally accountable for the liabilities of a company.
4: Five ways of financing
There are many ways of company finance available, and some may be more suitable for business. Learning about how each methodworks, and also the positive and negative aspects of different financing approaches, can help businesses determine which strategy is perfect for them. Here are five approaches to gettingfunds for beginning a new finance venture.
Saving: Savings are the funding source of finance for the new company. On the positive side, saving helps an individual to start a business with money drawn from the assets they have, which means the individual will not be in debt from the start.
Business loans: Business loans are one of the most popular ways to fund a new venture. The benefits of loans include multiple options easily available. While microloans have been explored, Individuals may also look into business lending options.
Friends and family: If an individual does not have any personal savings or does not want to use credit to finance the business, an individual might consider asking friends and family for financial support.
Venture capital: In this, the capitalist invests in the company to help the individual. This means giving some ownership or equity to an outside party. VCs expect a good return on their money when individuals start selling stock to the market.
Crowdfunding: Crowdfunding refers to a situation when an individual asks for money from the public in exchange for company shares. Usually, it is performed by big companies asking plenty of people for minimal contributions.
5: Why make a budget
The efficiency of a business plan defines its level of success. Business budget planning is one of the most crucial steps in the planning process. Always keep in mind to consider the overall business and strategic plans of the company when creating the budget. A business budget is a crucial plan for the business as it shows how the company plans its expenses and allocates funds over a given time frame. It is made to be adaptable to changes in business strategy and market circumstances. If a company does not make a budget, it will encounter many issues. The following are some benefits of making a budget.
A company budget supports the development of a strategic plan by providing the required information to address questions such as expansion capacity.
A company must have a budget to attract investors. Investors will not be prepared to fund the company without a budget.
A company budget also helps with tax preparation, including payroll, sales, and income taxes.
7: Trail balance
Businesses use it to verify that debits and credits add up to the same amount and to double-check their accounting systems. In addition, it is used to see if any entries have been made to the incorrect account. A credit to one account must equal a debit in double-entry accounting. A "trial balance" adds up the credit and debit entries for each account and determines the total credit and debit balances at the bottom of the balance sheet, whereas a general ledger lists each transaction separately with credit and debit entries. The debit and credit balances should line up if the ledger is accurate.
8: Bank reconciliation
A bank reconciliation statement summarizes banking and commercial activity by reconciling the bank's account balance with internal financial data. A bank reconciliation statement confirms that payments were made and cash collected was deposited into a bank account. The primary objective of a BRS is to detect discrepancies in tax and financial reporting that can have a negative impact on a company's financial performance. Bank reconciliations (BCRs) play an important role in the prevention and detection of fraud. It is essentially a tool that assists companies in detecting various types of financial mistakes, omissions, and fraud. Also, it is an easy and quick way to optimize company cash flow management.
References:
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Jarah, B.A.F. and Almatarneh, Z., 2021. The effect of the elements of accounting information system (AIS) on organizational culture (OC)-A field study.Academy of Strategic Management Journal,20, pp.1-10.
Khoury, D. (2022) What are the best methods of financing a business? Octet. Available at: https://www.octet.com/blog/business-finance/ (Accessed: 04 November 2023).
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Liu, J., Pei, L., Sun, Y., Simpson, H., Lu, J. and Ho, N., 2021, August. Categorization of Financial Transactions in QuickBooks. InProceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining(pp. 3299-3307).
Maheshwari, S.N., Maheshwari, S.K. and Maheshwari, C.S.K., 2022.Financial and management accounting. Sultan Chand & Sons.
Nam, H. and Uchida, K., 2019. Accounts payable and firm value: International evidence.Journal of Banking & Finance,102, pp.116-137.
Pelz, M., 2019. Can management accounting be helpful for young and small companies? A systematic review of a paradox.International Journal of Management Reviews,21(2), pp.256-274.
TASK 3
FAQs
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 1 The HR Director also instructed you to add a FAQ on the company intranet covering the legal part. The FAQ should cover the main points of the legislation associated with the tourism and hospitality industry. You should cover at the very least the following The sales of goods act 1979 Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982. Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations (2008) Consumer Rights Act 2015 The need for Travel Agents, Tour Operators, restaurants and hotels to be licensed
Word count 836
Date 19/05/2025
FrequentlyAskedQuestionsLegalRegulationsin the Tourism and Hospitality SectorQuestion 1: What does the Sales of Goods Act of 1979 entail, and how does it relate to the travel and hotel industries?Answer1 Goodsvendorsin the tourism and hospitalitydiligencearecoveredby theDealsof Goods Act 1979. It demands that theproductsvendedbytripagencies,stintdrivers,lodgingestablishments, andbeaneriesbeofrespectablequalityandsuitablefor theintendeduse. This means thatguestshavetherightto a refund orcompensationif theproductsofferedby thesecompaniesdon'treachtheneededstandard.Question 2: What does the Supply of Goods and Services Act of 1982 entail, and how does it relate to the travel and hotel industries?
Answer2 Thesightseerand hospitalitydiligenceare subject to theforceof Goods and Services Act of 1982 when it comes to thedeliveryofservices. It demands that theservicesofferedbytripagencies,stintdrivers,lodgingestablishments, andbeaneriesbecompletedwith areasonablequantumofcareandmoxie. This means thatguestshavetherightto a refund orotherformofcompensationif theservicestheyadmitfallsuddenlyof theneededstandard.Question 3: What is the 2015 Consumer Rights Act and how does it affect the travel and hotel industry?Answer3 The ConsumerRightsAct of 2015 givesguestsseveralrightswhencoppingproductsandservices,includingthoseofferedbycompaniesin thetripandhosteldiligence. Therighttogaingoodsandservicesthat are ofrespectablequality,applicablefor theirintendeduse, anddeliveredwithreasonablecareandcapabilityis one of theserights.Question 4: How do the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations of 2008 apply to the travel and hospitality industry?Answer4.Businessesin thesightseerand hospitalitysectorsarebannedfromsharinginillegalbusinesspractisesthat arelikelyto deceive or mislead consumers by the Consumer Protection fromillegalTradingRegulationsof 2008. Thesestylescorrespondofpressureselling,deceptivepricing, andfraudulentadvertising.Questoin 5: Why do restaurants, hotels, tour companies, and travel brokers need licences?Answer5 Inordertoinsurethat theycleavetoparticularcriteriaforhealthandsafety, consumerprotection, andservicequality,tripagents,stintdrivers,caffs, andhospicesmustbecertified. Bydoingthis, the consumer isdefended, and the hospitality and tourismdiligence'reportsareupheld.NotePleasebeapprehensivethat this FAQ isonlymeanttoserveas areferenceand not as areliefforlegalcounsel. Pleaseseektheadviceof a licencedattorneyif youhaveanyspecificlegalquestions.
Words:446/1000Characters:2822
References
Arora, L., Singh, P., Bhatt, V. and Sharma, B., 2021. Understanding and managing customer engagement through social customer relationship management. Journal of Decision Systems, 30(2-3), pp.215-234.
Darmawan, D. and Grenier, E., 2021. Competitive Advantage and Service Marketing Mix. Journal of Social Science Studies (JOS3), 1(2), pp.75-80.
Dewnarain, S., Ramkissoon, H. and Mavondo, F., 2019. Social customer relationship management: An integrated conceptual framework. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 28(2), pp.172-188.
Fahy, J. and Jobber, D., 2019. EBOOK: Foundations of Marketing, 6e. McGraw Hill.
Gursoy, D., Malodia, S. and Dhir, A., 2022. The metaverse in the hospitality and tourism industry: An overview of current trends and future research directions. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 31(5), pp.527-534.
Han, H., 2021. Consumer behavior and environmental sustainability in tourism and hospitality: A review of theories, concepts, and latest research. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(7), pp.1021-1042.
Han, H., Yu, J. and Kim, W., 2019. Investigating airline customers' decision-making process for emerging environmentally-responsible electric airplanes: Influence of gender and age. Tourism management perspectives, 31, pp.85-94.
Keller, K.L. and Kotler, P., 2016. Marketing Management, 15th Global Edition, Pearson.
Khan, R.U., Salamzadeh, Y., Iqbal, Q. and Yang, S., 2022. The impact of customer relationship management and company reputation on customer loyalty: The mediating role of customer satisfaction. Journal of Relationship Marketing, 21(1), pp.1-26.
Rather, R.A., Tehseen, S., Itoo, M.H. and Parrey, S.H., 2019. Customer brand identification, affective commitment, customer satisfaction, and brand trust as antecedents of customer behavioral intention of loyalty: An empirical study in the hospitality sector. Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science, 29(2), pp.196-217.
Sota, S., Chaudhry, H. and Srivastava, M.K., 2020. Customer relationship management research in hospitality industry: a review and classification. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 29(1), pp.39-64.
Unit 3 Accounting and Finance
Name Clyde Joshua Vales
Task 1 You have recently joined Tourism Magazine, a magazine specialising in Tourism and Hospitality. The magazine is aiming at helping new and existing businesses develop. The next task is focusing on accounting and your are asked to write a series of articles for the magazine. You will need to conduct some investigation in order to produce articles that are relevant, current and interesting.
Word count 1925
Date 19/05/2024
1: Purpose of Accounting
Accounting is important for small business owners since it allows them to assess their company's financial success. Accounting gives essential information regarding a company's choices, expenses and profits, benefits and losses, obligations, and real estate. Accounting's major goal is to record all of a company's financial transactions in a reliable, accurate, and thorough manner. This data provides a basis for the accounting system. Business owners can also gather and review transactions if required.
Planning and budgeting - Businesses need to plan to achieve their company objectives to allocate their limited resources, including personnel, capital, and facilities. Budgeting and planning, two of the most essential elements of business preparation, enable companies to schedule their requirements and resources to arrange the many components of an asset.
Decision-making Accounting supports business owners to improve theiroperations by allowing them to make decisions based on information. Accounting decisions usually focus on what services or products are required, how much money they require, and what business opportunities they present.
Business performance - Shareholders in businesses can consider accounting reports. Key performance indicators (KPIs) may be measured in-depth in financial reports, giving rivals and shareholders a thorough understanding of historical performance.
Financial Policy Financial reports can be used by shareholders in businesses. Financial reports may include detailed KPIs, which can provide competitors and shareholders with a comprehensive view of past performance.
Liquidity- One of the main causes of small business failure is cash. Accounting makes it easier to determine how much money a company has and has available to it. The information lessens the likelihood that any financial problems will result in bankruptcy. To get loans or make investments for the firm, financial analysts should possess all the data and predictions related to the company's finances. The accounting system was created to avoid fraud, scams, errors, losses, and obsolete items. The business is inspected several times to ensure everything is in working order. Any long-term declines in company investments are avoided with the use of internal supervision.
Legal matters- Undertakings are obliged to keep a proper financial record of their activities and disclose their accounts to shareholders, tax authorities, and regulators. Moreover, for indirect and direct tax reporting purposes, financial statements and details are essential.
2: Types of companies
New entrepreneurs face one of the first challenges of deciding what kind of business they should start in this century. Although there are different types of companies, choosing one is not difficult. Here are some different types of business entities: sole ownership: it is the simplest type of company that only requires a single request. They are owned and managed by one person and are very simple to establish. This type of company's maintenance and starting cost is meager than other types of the company.
Partnership: A business owned by two or more persons with profits and responsibilities. A business arrangement is a formal contract that typically involves a contractual document involving two or more individuals or businesses. The partners spend their funds in the industry and any partner's earnings are shared by the contribution ratios.
Limited company: A limited company (LC) is a general incorporation that restricts the shareholder's liability. It applies to a legislative arrangement that ensures that the liabilities of corporations or subscribers are limited to their shareholdings in the enterprise by donations or agreements. In the UK, where a company's name is followed by the abbreviated "Ltd," the convention for this type of enterprise is commonly used. Limited companies, including limited liability companies, come in different forms in the United States (LLC).
4: Different objectives of Public and private sectors
Public and private sector companies have goals. However, there are changes in the public and private sectors based on the form of the company. Everyone is listed below.
A government or other regulatory body shall create public sector organizations following legislation or related text. However, administrators cannot adjust them in evolving circumstances. On the other side, private sector managers may define and modify their goals if necessary.
The consumer payments will respect the performance of a private sector business and will therefore be included in its goals, tasks, and decision criteria. The market does not quantify a public sector companys profit.
If a private sector does not satisfy the desires of its creditors, it can have significant implications and may also contribute to the company's closing. Unbelief may be postponed for lengthy stretches in the public sector, thus missing stakeholders' expectations. Private sector businesses can make sufficient investment returns if investors otherwise will exit their investment in the company. Public sector organizations often see their capital as free and neglect the need to make a profit.
4: Recommendation of an Accounting Software
Different accounting software may be involved inthe business computers to make it easier to record every event that occurs inside the organization. This will allow the company to prevent employees from leaving out important details or events. Sage is one example of accounting software. Cloud accounting software, commonly referred to as bookkeeping, allows businesses to monitor their accounts from any location. It is similar to usual in-house accounting programs, except the database is stored on an external server, which is referred to as cloud storage. Companies do not have to think about the installation or management of complex systems because our advanced accounting software automates all adjustments. This versatility is important because managers are constantly traveling and need financial information in real time. It is software that is user-friendly. Here are some of the advantages of using Sage software:
Provides an analysis of corporate finances in real-time.
Simple to enforce and easy to use (user-friendly).
The bank synchronizes Immediately.
Provides intelligent insights into the budgets of companies.
Save and safely store the financial details.
Work with mobile solutions and apps from anywhere.
5: Three ways of financing
When analyzing the business or the future investment, three forms of financial resources that will affect the decision include equity capital, debt, and specialty capital. It is also possible to quantify equity, which is difficult to understand, particularly in assessing a small business or start-up.
Equity Capital-This figure is called 'net worth' or 'book value,' which shows a company's assets less its liabilities. Some companies are funded by equity alone, in the form of money invested in a corporation without their shareholders or owners' compensating obligations. This is the chosen source of capital for most businesses because they do not have to repay it, but this can be very expensive and require enormous amounts of work to extend a financed company.
Debt capital is a type of equity capital that is given to a business in the form of a loan that must be returned by a certain date. Roughly 80 percent of small companies rely on loans to at least partially fund their operations. The SME administration administers numerous risk capital programs, including long-term loans and loan guarantees, to assist SMEs in receiving financing from other sources.
Specialty Capital is the gold standard, and individuals would do well to find that as business owners. Some sources of capital are nearly cost-effective and can minimize growth. They have an unfavorable cash exchange or seller financing and carry insurance.
6: Reasons for budgeting
Some business owners start with a wave of optimism and hope, but without a well-thought-out budget, they cannot develop an effective action plan. A business person can get stuck with daily problems while running a business and forget about the bigger picture. Successful companies allocate time for budgeting, preparing and reviewing plans, and regularly monitoring their financial and business outcomes. The budget evaluates the current resources available, provides expenditure forecasts, and anticipates revenues. By referring to budgets, businesses may assess investment performance and ensure that company growth and development programs have sufficient resources. It enables the owner to concentrate on cash flow, cost savings, improved profitability, and returns on investment. Budgeting is the basis of business growth. It helps handle and track the company's finances. If spending is not monitored, planning is in vain, and without planning, no business goals can be achieved. A budget is a plan for:
Monitor the finances of the company
ensure the corporation can fund its current commitments
Enable the company to achieve its goals and make financial decisions with confidence;
Ensure that the company has future venture capital.
The benefits of budgeting can never be overlooked in the operation of a company:
Budgeting predicts revenue, timelines, and spending limits not included in the plan
Budgeting ensures that money is spent on matters which support the strategic objectives of the company
A well-articulated budget enables everybody to recognize the objectives of the organization
The budget development process provides opportunities for workers to participate while communicating the organization's vision
By incorporating the team into the budget review and evaluation, information that reveals the strengths and disadvantages of the organization can be given.
If individuals in the business are without the proper budget, individual might find that individual do not meet their long-term objectives. By taking the time to budget, individuals will have the best opportunity in the future to obtain the rewards individuals deserve for their hard work.
Step by Step Illustration for Budgeting Compile the financial statements
Collect all the financial records before starting, including bank accounts, investments, current bills for utilities, W-2s and pay stubs, receipts and loans, and mortgages. Individuals want access to the reports of revenue and expenditures. One of the keys to the budget process is a monthly average.
Compute the income
How much are individuals expecting of income per month? If the payment is deducted automatically as a regular paycheck, the net income (or home payment) amount would be in order. If individuals are self-employed or have external sources of income such as childcare or social security, need this. Record this monthly gross income.
Create a monthly list of expenses
Enter a monthly list of all the estimated expenses. This list may include mortgage or rental payments, car payments, insurance, transport costs, travel, credit, and savings for students. Individuals use bank statements, receipts, and credit card statements from the last three months to document all of the expenses.
Correct and variable costs
Fixed expenses are compulsory expenses that individuals the same amount each time. Include such items as mortgage or rental payments, payment for vehicles, Internet access, garbage collection, and daycare. Include the sum and all the other significant expenses, which tend to stay the same month by month if individuals for a standard credit card bill, including savings and loan reimbursement as fixed costs when a certain amount is saved or paid every month. The variable cost is the type of cost, which varies from month to month. With the fixed expenses, assign each category an expense value. Then decide how much an individual would spend per month on variable expenditure. If individuals are not sure how much individual are paying in every category, please review the credit card or bank statements for an average over the last two or three months.
Complete monthly income and expenditures
If the income is higher than the expenses, individuals are in the right direction. This extra revenue allows individuals to contribute money to budget areas like pension savings or debt payments. Individuals too much and need to make some changes if their expenditures are higher than their income.
Change expenditure
If individuals expenditures are over revenues, find places that can be reduced with the variable expenses. Choose locations to lower the costs eat less or remove a category such as canceling the workout.
References:
Agarwal, P., & Sajid, S. M. (2017). A study of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention among public and private sector employees. Journal of Management Research, 17(3), 123-136.
Bebbington, J., Russell, S., & Thomson, I. (2017). Accounting and sustainable development: Reflections and propositions. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 48, 21-34.
Garstone, R. A., Gill, C., Moliere, D., Yang, D., Bende-Michl, U., & Fiddes, P. (2017). Accounting for water in the minerals industry: Capitalising on regulatory reporting. Water Resources and Industry, 18, 51-59.
Tomita, Y. (2020). Philosophy to Strategy: A Framework for Developing Business Strategy Based on Corporate Philosophy. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 9(1), 1-25.
Volusion (2023) The 7 most popular types of business structures: Volusion, Volusion Ecommerce Blog | SMB Marketing, Design, & Strategy. Available at: https://www.volusion.com/blog/business-types/ (Accessed: 04 November 2023).
Khoury, D. (2022) What are the best methods of financing a business? Octet. Available at: https://www.octet.com/blog/business-finance/ (Accessed: 04 November 2023).
