BSBWHS616 - Apply safe design principles to control WHS risks
BSBWHS616 - Apply safe design principles to control WHS risks
Assessment Task 2: Simulated Practical/ Knowledge Observation
Opened:Wednesday, 24 April 2024, 8:00 AM
Due:Wednesday, 15 May 2024, 3:00 AM
Introduction to your task:
Your task is to apply safe design principles to control work health and safety (WHS) risks throughout the life cycle of at least two different products referring to plant, tools and equipment.
Your job is to use safe design principles to control work health and safety (WHS) risks in the two products life cycle. Your job involves engaging at different points of the supply chain to provide advice based on safe design principles for the two products, taking into consideration the central feature of safe design being the application of relevant information and data about human experience, capabilities and behaviour to the design of objects, facilities, procedures and environments that you and your team use.
You must apply the principles of safe design in their organisation, which may be at one or more stages of the products life cycle, including procurement, installation, operation and disposal. Products may refer to plant, tools and equipment. The application of safe design principles aims to eliminate or minimise hazards and their associated risks before an existing product, or a product being developed or modified, is introduced into the workplace.
. Your job requires you to use safe design principles to eliminate or minimise hazards and their associated risks before an existing product, or a product being developed or modified, is introduced into your workplace. When applying safe design principles to control work health and safety (WHS) risks that may occur throughout the life cycle of at least two different products (Plant, tools or equipment), you will provide advice based on WHS legislative requirements and safe design principles concerning:
developing a systematic WHS risk-management approach to safe design
consultation processes relating to safe design in a products life cycle
procurement systems to minimise purchased WHS hazards and their associated risks.
Notes required to be read before commencing these tasks include:
1.The terms occupational health and safety (OHS) and work health and safety (WHS) are equivalents. Generally, either can be used in the workplace. In jurisdictions wheremodel WHS lawshave not been implemented, reference to existing WHS legislative requirements is made.
2.Safe design refers to a process defined as integrating hazard identification and risk assessment methods to eliminate or minimise the risk of injury throughout the life cycle of the plant, tool or equipment being designed.
3.A product refers to any plant, tool or equipment.
4.Themodel WHS lawsinclude the model WHS Act, model WHS Regulations, and WHS Codes of Practice. See Safe Work Australia for further information.HYPERLINK "https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/"https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/
1.1 Firstly, read and revise the relevant supporting operational documentation before commencing this task. When reading the text, ensure you identify, interpret and analyse legislative and organisational text relevant to safe design. Supporting documents include:
Attachment 1 Case study Guide to Best Practice for Safe Construction
Attachment 2 Governance Company-Safe-Design-Policy-Procedure-Template_2019
Attachment 3 Handbook Good-work-design-handbook
Attachment 4 Legislation Code of Practice - safe-design-of-structures
Attachment 5 Legislation WHS- Managing Safety in Civil Construction
Attachment 6 Guide Safe Design in Practice
Attachment 7 Guide study Designing-safer-buildings-and-structures
Attachment 8 Guide safety_in_design_guideAttachment 9 Guide-safe-design-plant
Attachment 10 Risk Assessment and Control policy and procedure
Attachment 11 understanding_construction_risk_assessmentAttachment 12 Bulldozer purchasing guide
1.2 You have been appointed the designer for your construction company. As the designer, your duties include:
Consideration of safety throughout life-cycle as a workplace
Consult with client, workers, principal contractor and other duty holders.
Consider people in the vicinity.
Undertake research, testing and analysis.
Provide safe design report on construction hazards to the client.
Provide safe design information on life-cycle to anyone issued with the design and on request
The Designer position is a new role in the organisation. It would help if you educated your staff on the importance of applying safe design principles to control WHS risks with your upcoming projects throughout the life cycle of at least two different products relating to plant, tools and equipment (attachment one).
1.2.1 Create a PowerPoint presentation providing advice based on WHS legislative requirements and safe design principles about:
Consultation processes relating to the secure method in a products life cycle
Consulting with the client, workers, engineers, plant designers, specialist operators (e.g. crane operators) and the principal contractor
Procurement systems to minimise purchased WHS hazards and their associated risks.
Awareness of the Code of Practice: Safe Design of Structures and other WHS codes of practice.
Training requirements for staff in safe design and the legislative requirements
researching WHS injury statistics and specific data relating to the structure design.
Developing and implementing a safe design procedure for their company and a systematic process & WHS risk-management approach to secure design and identifying hazards
Designing structures to be without risk to health and safety
Facilitating safe design workshops with key stakeholders
Preparing safe design reports and other supporting documentation
Engaging a safe design specialist to assist them with the above where required
Having an internal WHS procedure for their staff
The PowerPoint slide information required is outlined in the PowerPoint template (appendix 1 attachment 1).You must prepare the information necessary (slide 1 12) to present at a training session. Use logical planning processes and understanding of the context and specialist needs.:
Slide 1 Definitions for:
Design and designer
The person conducting a business or undertaking (PCBU)
The role of the principal contractor
Reasonably practicable
Recognised standards
Structure
Slide 2: What is a safe design?
Slide 3: Safe design of structures flow chart
Slide 4: Benefits of safe design
Slide 5: Legislation overview - Legislation model
Slide 6: Pyramid of WHS legislation
Slide 7: Consultation, cooperation flow chart Consultation between duty holders about safe design.
Slide 8: Duties of designers under the WHS Act in summary
Slide 9: Duties of clients under the WHS Act in summary
Slide 10: Duties of the principal contractor under the WHS Act in summary
Slide 11: Research, testing and analysis
Slide 12: Information requirement
Complete the PowerPoint information outlined above. Use the Powerpoint template provided (appendix 1). Label your PowerPoint presentation, Your surname, first name, unit code, Task 2 reference 1.2.1 PowerPoint presentation.
1.3Prepare and organise a training session using logical planning processes by completing a session plan (appendix 2). Your training session plan should ensure understanding of the safe design context (attachment 1 project case study 1 to 27) and the principles to control WHS risks and identified specialist needs for at least 1 case study outlined in attachment 1. Develop a safety design session plan in preparation for your upcoming training session and identify and address the learning and development needs of decision-makers to manage WHS risks that may arise during two products (plant and equipment life cycle. Following steps as a guide to developing your training induction session plan:
Step 1: Define Learning Objectives- specify what you want your design safety team (at least two team members (2 classmates), principal contractor (your assessor) is present and other duty holders two classmates) to learn, and determine how you will measure this. Think about these questions:
What are the most important concepts or skills that your safety design team need to understand by the end of the session?
Why are these concepts and skills important?
How will you know that they have understood these correctly?
Note: the critical discussion points have been completed for you.
Step 2: Clarify Key Topics and Related Concepts -Your team will focus on a few central ideas or skills. Still, youll need to explain related concepts to reach your learning objectives.
Step 3: Organise Material -Once you have a general idea of what you need to cover, draft a lesson outline (appendix 2). All of the points you need to cover have been listed for you.
Step 4: Plan Presentation Techniques- Keep students engaged using discussion allowing your team to ask questions about the concepts they have just learned. Consider creating a list of questions or topics to prompt a conversation to hand out the training session.
Complete the training aids section of appendix 2
Step 5: Include Evaluation You will need to think about the learning checkpoints required to ensure your team understands vital points. Build-in learning checks, and include these in your template.
Complete the Learning check create a checklist of learning outcomes section of appendix 2Step 6: Focus on Timing -Finally, think about the timing of your session. Some concepts or skills will take more time to master than others, so identify this upfront and allow extra time to absorb or practice the material. Record the time that you will allocate for each concept or section on your training presentation, and make sure that youve allowed plenty of time to focus on the core concepts
Complete the Time, Outline below - Total 20 min section of Appendix 2 -Note: You have 20 minutes to conduct your training session (appendix 2)
Complete the training session plan (appendix 2). Incorporate into your session plan information relating to the powerPoint presentation (appendix 1-slide 1 to 12)
1.4 Introduce yourself to your design team (classmates) and relevant decision-makers who make design decisions that can affect health or safety listed below:Project managers (classmate 1)
Occupational health and safety professionals (classmate 2)
Suppliers and manufacturers (classmate 3)
Plant-hirers, builders, constructors and installers (classmate 4)
Trade and maintenance personnel (classmate 5)
Clients and property developers (classmate 6)
The design team (classmates 7 & 8 )
principal contractor (classmate 9)
other duty holders as identified (classmate 10)
Organise, analyse, display and share information with your design team (classmates) and relevant decision-makers and conduct a training induction session. Use digital systems and tools (appendix 1 Powerpoint presentation) to access records (attachment 1 Case study 4.6) and (attachment 2-9 organisational documents). Use the session plan (appendix 2) and information provided (attachment 2 9) to conduct your induction training session. At the induction training session, advise decision-makers and project team members of their duties under WHS laws to manage WHS risks throughout the two products (Plant and equipment) life cycle. At the session, source and make available to decision-makers the most current information and data on WHS principles, materials, technology and systems that apply to product design. Ensure you seek to: provide:
Advise on WHS principles that support safe design for the two selected products (Plant and equipment)
Advise on consultation processes in the products (plant and equipment) life cycle
Advise procurement systems and present and provide information (appendix 2) of their duties under WHS laws to manage WHS risks throughout a products life cycle.
Address identified learning and development needs of decision-makers to manage WHS risks that may arise during a products life cycle, including during its design phase
Use the PowerPoint created in 1.2.1 to guide this training induction session (appendix 1 slide 1 12 outline)
Note:The advise above must provide details about the design relating to the significant stages considered for Safe Design, including site considerations, demolition of existing structures, construction of new structures or renovations, design for safe use, maintenance and repair, and demolition at the end of life, Use this training induction session to get client and decision-makers input. Ensure you consider questions needed throughout the design process. In particular, the questions relating to the designs safety
1.4.1 At the meeting, you are required to provide:
Advice on methods and tools that can support WHS hazard identification and WHS risk assessment throughout a products life cycleAdvice on identified learning and development needs of decision-makers to manage WHS risks that may arise during a products life cycle, including during its design phase
Advice on consultation processes relating to safe design in the products life cycleAdvice on consultation with known and potential users of the product during the design phase, according to organisational policies and procedures
Identify situations where specialist and other advisers may be required to support safe design activities
Support decision-makers in considering the needs of those using or interacting with the product throughout its life cycle
Advice on when to facilitate the involvement of technical experts as required according to organisational processes and procedures
Advice on communicating residual WHS risks in product to those who will use or interact with the product throughout its life cycle
Note: refer to attachment 1 11 when advising decision-makers on their duties under WHS laws to manage WHS risks
Note: Your training induction session should be no more than 20 minutes following your session plan (appendix 2)
1.4..2 When communicating and interacting with your team, ensure you:
Present the information and advice using language appropriate to the audienceUse questioning and active listening to seek information and confirm understanding as required
Actively identify requirements of communication exchanges, selecting proper channels, format, tone and content to suit purpose and audience
Monitor the impact of communication exchanges when providing advice that relates to safe design
Collaborate with others to achieve joint outcomes, playing an active role in facilitating effective group interaction, influencing the direction and taking a leadership role
Your assessor will observe you collaborate with others (design team and decision-makers) to achieve joint outcomes, playing an active role in facilitating effective group interaction, influencing the direction and taking a leadership role when conducting the training session as outlined in appendix 2 the session plan. Your assessor will use the observation checklist provided (appendix 5 separate attachment) to assess this section
1.5 The next step in the process is developing and maintaining a Work Health and Safety (WHS) File outline (Appendix 3). It is recommended as best practice in the Safe Design of Structures Code of Practice (2012) to develop a Work Health and Safety (WHS) File (Appendix 3) to help you meet the duty to provide information to others.
1.5.1 Firstly, research the questions (appendix 3) to prepare for your meeting with a safety design team member (your assessor). Develop advice and recommendations about safe design, matching your writing style to purpose and audience to be consulted.
1.5.2 When meeting a member of the safety design team (your assessor), you will be required to as part of your job as the senior WHS safety design consultant, to advise on systematic and analytical approaches to WHS risk management for safe design for the use of two products (plant and equipment) used in a project. When meeting, use the Work Health and Safety (WHS) File outline (appendix 3) to present concept design for two products (plant and equipment) outlining WHS potential issues identified., including assessments of siting, high consequence hazards, systems or work, environment and incident mitigation.
Your job as the consultant is to provide:
Advice on selection and implementation of required WHS risk controls in design, based on the hierarchy of control measures
Advice on documentation requirements relating to decision-making during the risk assessment process
Advice on the establishment of a residual WHS risk register and distribution of this information to those involved in downstream or subsequent product life-cycle stages
Advice on monitoring the design as it evolves to identify and manage potential WHS hazards that may arise during the product life cycle and their associated risks
1.5.2.1 When communicating with your design team member (your assessor), ensure you:
Present the information and advice using language appropriate to the audience
Use questioning and active listening to seek information and confirm understanding as required
Actively identify requirements of communication exchanges, selecting proper channels, format, tone and content to suit purpose and audience
Monitor the impact of communication exchanges when providing advice that relates to safe design
Collaborate with others to achieve joint outcomes, playing an active role in facilitating effective group interaction, influencing the direction and taking a leadership role
1.5.2.2 When consulting with your design team member (your assessor), demonstrate your ability to navigate the world and demonstrate your ability to:
Apply legal responsibilities to WHS product design compliance contexts
Keep up to date on changes to WHS laws relevant to your job role and responsibilities performing civil construction activity,
Consider legislative implications when advising on compliance concerning product design
Complete appendix 3 Work Health and Safety (WHS) File outline as per the discussion whilst playing the role of the WHS consultant
Your assessor will observe you advise on systematic approaches to WHS risk management for safe design. Your assessor will use the observation checklist provided (appendix 5 separate attachment) to assess this section
1.6 The organisation has just purchased new equipment and therefore require you to follow the procedure for the identification and verification of WHS requirements in the procurement process for the equipment purchased using the equipment risk assessment checklist provided (appendix 4 Bulldozer procurement risk assessment)
Sufficient information must be sought before new plant or equipment is introduced into the workplace so that the health and safety implications can be assessed in advance. Use the bulldozer pruchasing guide (attachment 12) to conduct the necessary considerations to impacts such as:
where the equipment will be located;
whether there is enough space for the item
whether the item requires modification for it to meet industry standards, codes of
practice or legislative requirements
whether workers will need extra training;
whether Safe Work Procedures will need to be updated;
whether the equipment produces noise, fumes, extra heat etc.
if additional PPE might be required
Before purchasing, conduct a risk assessment of plant and equipment to enable any risk control measures required for its safe use to be in place before arrival. Such information gathering will also identify whether the relevant legislation, standards or codes of practice applicable to the plant and equipment can be complied with, e.g. notification, licensing, certification
Conduct a simple procurement OHS/WHS risk assessment system (Appendix 4 Section 2 Bulldozer Procurement risk assessment,) Follow the procedure for the identification and verification of WHS requirements in the procurement process for plant and equipment as outlined below:
INCLUDEPICTURE "/Users/harshitdhawan/Library/Group Containers/UBF8T346G9.ms/WebArchiveCopyPasteTempFiles/com.microsoft.Word/image.png" * MERGEFORMATINET
Applicable legislation and WHS specifications is provided for Machinery AS4024.1 (Series) - Safety of machinery
To assist with the procurement risk assessment (appendix 4)
Watch the videohttps://beamersdozer.weebly.com/safety-first.htmlJohn DeereCrawler Dozer Safety Tips
Review attachent 12 Bull Dozer purchasing guide
Other attachment applicable 1-11
1.6.1 Conduct the Safe design risk assessment (Appendix 5) per the risk assessment policy and procedure (attachment 10) that involves all stakeholders (played by classmates and assessor) in the risk assessment process and consultation. Staff and stakeholders involved in the risk assessment are outlined as follows:the client (classmate 1) consult on possible options to eliminate/minimise identified risks to WHS.
designer, (classmate 2)
building contractor, (classmate 3)
project management (classmate 4)
maintenance managers (classmate 5)
contractor/equipment supplier representatives (if known), (classmate 6)
worker/end-user representative/s (classmate 7)
Facilitate the involvement of technical experts as required according to organisational processes and procedures - any other designers (e.g. electrical, structural, civil, landscape and interior) deemed necessary (classmate 8)
Note: The Safety in Design hazard and risk assessment should be conducted following an appropriate
methodology and tools for the project. ISO 31010 Risk Management guides risk
assessment techniques. This ensures consistency of output and ease of incorporating handover
material in a Health and Safety Risk Register(Appendix 5).
It is not always easy to separate the two in a workshop, but it should be made clear at the onset of a review that the focus is on health and safety, not project risks. Any general project risks identified should be noted and addressed in a risk workshop/meeting.
Ensure all stakeholders are consulted through the safe design risk assessment process (plant and equipment appendix 5) and contribute to the end product, facility or environment as necessary. Provide the required advice based on:
WHS legislative requirements and safe design principles
developing a systematic WHS risk-management approach to safe design
consultation processes relating to safe design in a products life cycle
procurement systems to minimise purchased WHS hazards and their associated risks.
Advise decision-makers in purchasing and contractual arrangements to include requirements to identify and control WHS hazards and risks and provide information and data on residual WHS risks as part of the procurement/risk assessment process.
1.6.2With your team and stakeholders, conduct a safe design risk assessment (Appendix 5 -Section 1 Plant risk assessment) and a and equipment risk assessment (Aappendix 5 Section 2 Equipment Risk Assessment) to minimise any purchased/used equipment plant WHS hazards and their associated risks. The purpose of the safety in design risk assessment is to ensure hazards are not introduced into the workplace.Use the project outline and site photos provided (appendix 5 ) to base the risk assessment process. Follow the risk assessment policy and procedure (attachment 10) and safe design principles to control work health and safety (WHS) risks that may occur throughout the life cycle for two different products (plant and equipment). (refer to attachment 11 understanding_construction_risk_assessment this is a helpful guide and must be reviewed)
During the risk assessment process for plant and equipment, you must:determine potential risks.
Identify hazards ( - identify the hazards relating to all product stages (plant and equipment. (one hazard must be determined to complete the risk register as part of appendix 5)
Assess the risk - Assess the likelihood of the hazard causing harm to people.
Eliminate or control the risk -Implement effective control measures to eliminate the risk, or if this is not possible, reduce the risk of harm to an acceptable level. For example, overhead tracking, noise reduction, machine guarding.
Review - Review the controls effectiveness to ensure they are working to reduce the risk to an acceptable level.
For risk assessment of Plant (section 1 (plant) and 2 (equipment) appendix 5) :
Use the five principles of safe design to conduct the risk assessment (appendix 5)
Principle 1: Persons with controlthose who make decisions affecting the design of products, facilities, or processes can promote health and safety at the source.
Principle 2: Product life-cyclesafe design applies to every stage in the life-cycle from conception to disposal. It involves eliminatinghazardsor minimisingrisksas early in the life-cycle as possible.
Principle 3: Systematic risk managementapply hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control processes to achieve a safe design.
Principle 4: Safe design knowledge and capabilityshould be either demonstrated or acquired by those who control design.
Principle 5:Information transfereffective communication and documentation of design and risk control information amongst everyone involved in the life-cycle phases is essential for the safe design approach.
INCLUDEPICTURE "/Users/harshitdhawan/Library/Group Containers/UBF8T346G9.ms/WebArchiveCopyPasteTempFiles/com.microsoft.Word/image%20%281%29.png" * MERGEFORMATINET
Systematically assess each product component (2 products include plant and equipment) design requirements. Address risk mitigation with your stakeholders using the guidewords below as a prompt to promote discussion.
Generic GuidewordsGuidewords Prompts Guidewords Prompts
Size Too large
Too small
Too long
Too short
Too wide
Too narrow Load / Force High / excess
Low/insufficient
Additional loads during construction, commissioning, demolition
Dynamics
Temporary weakness (insufficient propping)
Heights / Depths Working at heights
Falls / struck by falling objects
Scaffolding (shape, space to fit, etc.)
Confined space
Access / egress Energy Low / high energy
Tension / compression
Potential / kinetic
Inertia / moment
Position / Location Too high
Too low
Too far
Misaligned
Wrong position Timing Too late, too early
Too short, too long
Incorrect sequence
Extended delays (e.g. capping partial designs)
Poor ergonomics Posture / manual handling injuries
Repetitive Strain Injury / discomfort / fatigue / stress
Effect on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Visibility (lighting, sightlines, blindspots)
Slips, trips, falls Egress / Access No. of entry/exit points
Emergency egress
Size width, height, length
Obstructions
Lighting
Entry/exit points location and arrangement
External impacts
Maintenance
People and equipment movements
Movement / Direction Stability compression
Physical damage
Vibration
Friction / slip
Rotation
Upwards / downwards
Reverse
Expansion / Tension
Rollover Maintenance / Repair Posture / Manual handling
Size / Width
Access / Egress / Heights
Dropped objects
Weight
Discomfort / Stress / PPE
Visibility / Slips / Trips
Rotating Equipment
Other
1.6.2.1 To conduct an adequate risk assessment process (appendix 5) and facilitate the safety in design review, take a leadership role and ensure you :Set the scene of the review, explaining the purpose and objectives.
Design to eliminate and, if not, then minimise risks to health and safety so far as is reasonably practicable.
identify and evaluate your options against agreed criteria (appendix 5)
Use the predetermined set of guides or prompts to assist in the identification of hazards (appendix 5 and guidewords above)
brainstorm with other team members and stakeholders (listed above) to identify additional potential hazards and seek input and advice before taking necessary action and brainstorm the list of prompt words to engage participants and create a safe
For each product (plan and equipment), break down the scope into discrete items, activities or areas for review
Invite the group to consider what actions need to be taken in this area during construction, operation, maintenance and demolition. (life-cycle). Identify the potential of new approaches to product life-cycle risk management to enhance safe design work practices and outcomes
Review these actions and look for any associated hazards.
When the discussion slows, use a predetermined set of guides, prompts or open questions to assist in the identification of hazards associated with each item (see guidewords list above)
Use systematic and analytical processes in complex risk assessment processes (non-routine situations) by setting goals and relevant information gathering then, manage the risk assessment process to ensure all hazards are identified, analysed and evaluated in a systematic approach
Provide advise based on WHS legislative requirements and safe design principles and manage the group dynamics by being aware of the participants and ensure everyone has the chance to be heard.
Identify hazards that recognised standards could adequately address. Apply a risk management process for all other hazards. Apply the hierarchy of risk controls to determine the effectiveness of design controls. Be prepared to take control of a discussion if it starts to go off-topic; not all issues will be concluded in the workshop. Ask the individuals to follow up on their discussion outside of the workshop and report back to the group.
Wrap up the workshop by thanking people for their participation, highlighting the following steps, and asking for any final thoughts.
After the workshop, the records should be documented and communicated to the teams via a risk register.
When communicating with your team and stakeholders, ensure you:
Present the information and advice using language appropriate to the audience
Use questioning and active listening to seek information and confirm understanding as required
Actively identify requirements of communication exchanges, selecting proper channels, format, tone and content to suit purpose and audience
Collaborate with others to achieve joint outcomes, playing an active role in facilitating effective group interaction, influencing the direction and taking a leadership role
Note: For risks and risk levels, use appropriate numeracy skills. To do this:
Select from and apply a range of mathematical strategies to interpret and analyse mathematical information embedded in a range of texts used (annex 1 9) to complete the risk assessment
Apply mathematical processes to assess risk levels
Use oral and written mathematical language and representation to communicate advice on WHS risk management in safe product design
Include work health and safety information on a Safe Design plan or the plan set and designer specifications.
Apply legal responsibilities to WHS product design compliance contexts
Use up to date WHS laws relevant to your role and responsibilities, and consider any changes to laws and their implications when advising on compliance concerning product design
Important: You must identify at least one hazard for two products (plant and equipment) and determine the level of control for each risk identified as part of the risk assessment process
INCLUDEPICTURE "/Users/harshitdhawan/Library/Group Containers/UBF8T346G9.ms/WebArchiveCopyPasteTempFiles/com.microsoft.Word/image%20%282%29.png" * MERGEFORMATINET
Complete the risk assessment (Appendix 5), identifying one hazard per product (plant and equipment) and apply the appropriate level of control following the principles of safe design. Complete the risk register and risk assessments outlined in appendix 5 to complete this section
Your assessor will observe (appendix 5) you take a leadership role when conducting a risk assessment following the five safe design principles. Also, your assessor will observe you identify one hazard for each product (plant and equipment) and applying appropriate levels of control using the risk assessment template and risk register (appendix 5)Note: read and review the project provided (appendix 5) and accompanying site photos before beginning the risk assessment process
APPENDIX 5 RISK ASSESSMENT PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (SAFE DESIGN REPORT)
INSTRUCTIONS.Project Design Lead/Project Managers adopted Project Design Lead/Project Managers adopt the following Safety Design Assessment process steps for most projects. The initial scoping assesses the level of detail and resources implemented (refer to the Safe Design Manual for further information).
A plant/equipment risk assessment template is used to identify risks in a plant and determine appropriate control measures. Inspectors and occupational health and safety officers mitigate plant risks by determining hazards, the likelihood of incidents, the severity of the injury, and property damage at the onset. Aside from keeping workers safe, plants are required to comply with occupational health and safety legislation, and regular plant risk assessments help in maintaining safety standards within the organisation
Conduct a risk assessment for the following using the project outline below and risk assessment templates. Risk assessment templates include:
Plant Risk Assessment
Bulldozer Procurement Risk Assessment
Equipment Risk Assessment
PRE-DESIGN
Confirm the scope of the project. Collect information - design accountability, Intended use, work process, site issues
Confirm resources requirements.
Identify and communicate accountabilities.
Confirm report is required.
Conduct research, analysis and testing.
Conduct primary hazard analysis
Refer to set up Work Health and Safety (WHS) File outline (appendix 3)
Communicate the draft Safe Design Report
CONCEPT DESIGN & DESIGN DEVELOPMENT STAGE
Use a systematic approach to record/identify hazards and risks throughout the structures life-cycle.
Design to eliminate, and if not, then minimise risks so far as is reasonably practicable.
Identify hazards that recognised standards could adequately address. Apply a risk management process for all other hazards. Apply the hierarchy of risk controls.
Consult with client and others on possible options to eliminate/minimise identified risks to WHS.
Conduct Safe Design Workshops with stakeholders to incorporate input from all parties into the risk management process.
Update the draft Safe Design Report with risk workshop outputs. Communicate updated design and Safe Design Report to stakeholders.
Monitor design changes and update Report as required.
CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTATION & DESIGN COMPLETION STAGE
Review and update the Safe Design Report as the design progresses. Reassess hazards as more detail and specialist input is provided.
Check the effectiveness of control measures, including testing of proposed design solutions or materials.
Review consultants drawings and WHS information (including their Safe Design Reports). Store in WHS File
Include work health and safety information on plans and in the designers specification.
For applicable projects, conduct a Safe Design Workshop or consult with other persons.
Update the Safe Design Report making sure all items actioned. Identify solutions and any outstanding risks and communicate any residual risks to the downstream stakeholders.
Finalise the Safe Design Report, including the final risk assessment. The client, principal contractor, certifier or council, and anyone issued a copy of the design.
Maintain records for future use. Store applicable documentation in the WHS File
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
If involved, review changes during the construction stage ensure no impact on risks or introduction of any new hazards. Include report in the tender documentation.
Pass on relevant information WHS File regarding the intended use of design to client/users.
Communicate regularly with the builder about risk issues.
Document any changes on the as-built plans. Update the risk register and Safe Design Report
PROJECT COMPLETION AND REVIEW
Conduct design review to establish whether risk elimination/minimisation achieved.
Conduct an ongoing review of the process to improve the design safety of future projects.
Conduct post-construction Safe Design Workshop (optional) and consult with the principal contractor, client and other stakeholders on the efficacy of design controls and identify any safe design improvements incorporated in future projects.
Conduct a post-occupancy evaluation or consult with the final users to obtain feedback on future design improvements. Use Safe Design Project Review Form to conduct design review. Share lessons learned with the design team.
Project Details: APEX Rail Projects
Project Reference No.
Use the projects below to conduct your plant and equipment safety risk assessment. References include:
Stakeholder Perspectives
Best Practice
Training and Inductions
Meetings and Communication
Workshops
Ownership of Safety
Summary
Site work photos
Assessed by: Insert your name
Assessment date: Insert the date of assessment
PURPOSE & SCOPE
Intended use of structure:
The scope of works is to duplicate the existing rail line. This involves constructing seven bridges. The bridge works sought to modify the existing structure, land pre-cast work and then finish the bridge. This is a civil construction project involving bulk earthworks, concrete structures, culvert extensions, and the erection of various bridges
Projects include:
MELBOURNE WATER SCHEME PIPE CROSSING RAIL- Thornhill Park, Stage 29 Spire
Installation of approximately 35m of 1500dia drainage Melbourne Water Culvert Crossing the Ballarat V/Line Rail line and extending into the subdivision of Thornhill Park during Occupation (Christmas/New Year 2020)
WESTERN PROGRAM ALLIANCE (WPA) -Wyndham Vale Stabling Yard
McConnell Dowell Constructors (Aust) Pty Ltd - Ongoing
Crossover Pre-Build and Installation - CSR Civils
Pre-building of 4 no. 1:15 VCA Crossovers
Installation of 4 no. 1:15 VCA Crossovers during Occupation (Easter 2019)
CSR installation
BALLARAT LINE UPGRADE PROJECT (BLU)- Lend-Lease Coleman Rail Joint Venture
CSR, Plant Hire + Maddingley Stabling Yard Track & Civils
8,000m of CSR installation
20,000m3 bulk excavation
3,500m3 embankment widening
2,000lm of RCP and slotted drainage installation
50 pits installed
11,500m2 of lime stabilisation, formation and capping
1200mm dia culvert extensions
TIMBER CULVERT REPLACEMENT-Minyip & Hopetoun-V/Line Pty Ltd
Minyip and Hopetoun - Box culvert installation under Main St Minyip
Telstra lowering
Water main re-routing
Box culvert installation under 3no. tracks at Hopetoun under occupation
MURRAY BASIN RAIL PROJECT
McConnell Dowell Martinus Joint Venture (MMJV) - Junction Works
Construction and gauge conversion of 15 no turnouts
Formation and Capping Construction
Replacement of 2,000 sleepers
5,000m of Gauge Conversion
2 x Level Crossing Reconstructions
Wet hire plant
Scope of Designers Responsibilities and Input -e.g. Design, Engineering, etc.; Concepts only; End-to-end Project.
The principal constructor for the project is in charge of the site. According to existing legislation, this party is responsible for maintaining a safe work site. The main contractor has appointed a safety inspector to be on-site at all times and carry out roaming inspections about two to three times a day. This inspector was the main point of contact for the project manager concerning safety.
Stakeholder Perspectives
Client
Works directly with the constructor and designer
Communicates safety information to the general public
The drive for safety by the client was exemplified in the inclusion of safety in the tender package, tender site inspection and other discussions.
The client has their protection officers on-site to ensure rules regarding the infrastructures protection are complied with.
Formal communication is to be conducted through monthly meetings. The client, engineering representative and constructor meet every month to discuss the project overall, safety, environmental and quality
Constructor
Primarily concerned about safety in the construction and post-handover phase.
Safety activities include hazard analysis, JAPs, and implementing strategies to demonstrate good leadership and reviews of activities through a leadership matrix.
The constructor company encourages supervisors to undertake accessory training on top of the standard Cert IV.
The principal contractor located on-site is ultimately responsible for safety, as they have possession of the site. It is the responsibility under legislation to maintain a safe work site.
The client has their rigid safety standards written into the constructors contract.
Safety is discussed each day at pre-start meetings.
When work activities are developed, safety must be considered immediately, achieved through work method statements or operating procedures. The constructor closely monitors these.
Before any sub-contractors are engaged, the constructor ensures that each subcontractor is appointed to have an adequate understanding of safety. All sub-contractors are provided with all the necessary paraphernalia and briefed on safety.
Safety is considered a cultural and behavioural issue that is discussed daily.
Part of the constructors operating procedures included risk assessment and hierarchy control (hazard analysis).
At the end of the contract, the project manager provides a detailed post-construction report on all the activities on-site, including safety.
All incidents are logged onto the intranet. This means the corporate safety manager could view the injury rates and project outcomes
KEY DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS
The following general assumptions made during the Safety in Design (SID) assessment
The client has provided the Design team with all relevant information about the site and its operations. *A suitably qualified and competent contractor is engaged to undertake the works. Contract documents that require compliance with Regulations, Industry Guidelines, applicable Australian Standards or design specifications will be followed in all construction activities.
Best Practice
The constructor says safety practices are over and above primary legislation. The construction company became a Registered Training Organisation (RTO). This meant that safety officers undertook additional training, in addition to Safety Certificate IV. We dont take it at face value that if a Joe Blow turns up with an excavator we dont just assume that he knows what he is doing; we assess him through familiarisation or challenge assessment, and to demonstrate that we have done that assessment, there is paperwork to go with it (Constructor).
Other specific safety strategies included hazard analysis and implementation of leadership strategies, including developing a leadership matrix. The construction team conducts a regular audit process. Project manager workshops, safety workshops and supervisor workshops are to be held there will be done through a leadership matrix. These safety initiatives are part of the construction companys vision and are projected through these workshops.
The client specifies safety at the tender stage. Also, it undertakes a pre-award interview to determine prospective contractors experience, based on performance on previous projects. The clients protection officers are also on-site, which ensures that all construction activities complied with regulations
Training and Inductions
Interactive inductions are held for one hour for anyone going on-site. These inductions cover topics such as the environment, safety, quality, harassment, opportunity, counselling and other site-specific issues.
Three inductions have to be completed by anyone intending to work on-site. The first related to the generic blue card, the second obtained the QR Pink Card (which raised awareness of the hazards associated with working close to trains and overhead voltage power). The third comprised the project management companys induction. The generic blue card induction took half a day, as did the procurement of the QR Pink Card. The project management companys induction took a minimum of an hour.
The project management representative ensured that everyone attends inductions and that the content of these inductions thoroughly covered all safety aspects. The specific induction run by the project manager is followed up by multiple-choice questions to check that those attending had listened. The inductions incorporate an interactive lecture-style delivery, with questions allowed at any point during the presentations. we try to make things personal. It is drive-through project managers and supervisors pulling up safety; it is a team effort. It is not an individual effort (Constructor)
Meetings and Communication
Pre-start meetings are the primary vehicle for reinforcing safety messages, rules and procedures daily. The client said it was easier to personalise safety messages because of its small size on the project. The constructor agreed with this statement. Management of workers was considered straightforward.
Furthermore, posters were displayed on-site to communicate safety information, ensuring that consistent safety messages from management were transmitted along the supply chain. It also reinforced the statement that we are looking out for each other.
Meetings were held monthly with the client, designers and the constructor. Daily pre-start meetings were held between the constructor and sub-contractor. Staff, including those working for the constructor, met weekly, with safety as the first agenda item.
Workshops
The construction team held project manager workshops, safety workshops and supervisor workshops. If changes were made to any aspect of the project, these were discussed at these workshops, updated on legislation and training, and carrying out specific SWMS and hazard analyses.
Ownership of Safety
The principal constructor for the project was in charge of the site. According to existing legislation, this party was responsible for maintaining a safe work site. A safety inspector appointed by the principal contractor was on-site at all times and carried out roaming inspections about two to three times a day. This inspector was the main point of contact for the project manager concerning safety.
The client had formulated their safety standards, which were written into the constructors contract. These standards were prescriptive
Summary
Constructor perceives safety practices as over and above safety legislation.
Safety officers are asked to do training on top of the standard Certificate IV.
Any workers on-site are required to meet specific challenge assessments or be
assessed through familiarisation processes.
Leadership matrix-assists with the development of leadership strategies.
A small number of workers on-site mean safety messages are personalised and
communicated directly from the management to sub-contractors.
Anyone working on-site needs to undertake three inductions: the state standard;
Queensland Rails; and the project management companys inductions
Inductions are consistent and thorough; a multiple-choice questionnaire and discussion complement the project management companys inductions to ensure that safety issues and procedures are clearly understood.
Principle contractor has ownership of the site and is, therefore, ultimately responsible for safety; however, the clients protection officers also monitor site activities.
The client specifies safety at the tender stage and conducts a pre-award interview with interested parties.
The client sets out rigid safety standards in contracts.
