CENG201 - Assignment 1: Implementing a Custom Pen and Shape Drawing System

In this assignment, you will practice classes, header files, inheritance, and composition. You will

1. Implement a `Pen` class with specific functionality and constraints.

2. Extend `Pen` to create an `IncrementalPen` class that advances ink letters.

3. Use `Pen` within a `Shape` system to create drawable shapes.

Important Points before beginning:

• Write your name to all your source codes.
• Use comments and proper indentation.
• All attributes should be private.
• Use header files for declarations and cpp files for implementations.
• You can use include guards (#ifndef #define statements) to avoid multiple definitions.

Requirements
Part 1: `Pen` Class

1. Each class should have its own header (`.h`) and implementation (`.cpp`) files.
- `Pen.h` and `Pen.cpp`
- `IncrementalPen.h` and `IncrementalPen.cpp`

2. Pen Class Specifications:

Attributes:

- char ink: The ink character used for drawing. Must be a lowercase letter (`a` to `z`). If an invalid character is given, default it to `'a'`.

Methods:

- Pen(char inkChar = 'a')`: Constructor that sets `ink` to a lowercase letter. If the provided `inkChar` is invalid, default to `'a'`.

- void write(int n): Prints the `ink` character `n` times.

- void space(int n): Prints `n` spaces.

- void setBold(bool bold): Converts `ink` to uppercase if `bold` is `true`, lowercase if `false`.

E.g., if the ink is `c`, when it is bold it should print `C`.

Part 2: `IncrementalPen` Class

1. Extend the `Pen` class to create `IncrementalPen`.
2. Specifications:

Attributes: Inherits `ink` from `Pen`.

Methods:
- IncrementalPen(char inkChar = 'a'): Constructor that initializes `ink` with validation.

- Override write(int n): After each character print, increment `ink` to the next letter. If `ink` reaches `'z'`, it wraps around to `'a'`. For instance, if ink is e and your call write(4). It should print efgh

Part 3: Shape System

1. Create Classes:
- `Shape` (abstract base class): `Shape.h` and `Shape.cpp`
- `Rectangle` and `Circle` (subclasses of `Shape`): `Rectangle.h`, `Rectangle.cpp`, `Circle.h`,

`Circle.cpp`
- `Square` (subclass of `Rectangle`): `Square.h` and `Square.cpp`

2. Specifications:
- Shape:
- Contains a `Pen` object.
- draw(): Abstract method to be overridden by concrete shapes.
- Rectangle:
- Attributes: int width, int height.
- Constructor initializes `width`, `height`, and `Pen`.
- draw(): Uses `Pen` to draw a rectangle of `width` x `height`. It should be an empty (non-filled) rectangle.
If the ink in Pen is b, width is 4 and height is 3 it should draw the following shape.
bbbb
b b
bbbb

- Circle:

- Attribute: int radius.
- Constructor initializes `radius` and `Pen`.
- draw(): Draws a rough ASCII circle shape. It should be a non-filled circle.

How to draw the circle: you should just draw the positions where distance to center = radius Distance to center will be calculated as shown in Figure 1. Check a square region of size
2*radius+1 around the center

Figure 1: calculating distance to center

- Square:

- Inherits from `Rectangle`.
- Constructor Square(int size) initializes `width` and `height` to the same size value.

Implementation Instructions

File Structure
Your project structure should look like this:

Project/

Example Test Cases
Place the following code in `main.cpp` to test your classes:

#include
#include "Pen.h"
#include "IncrementalPen.h"
#include "Rectangle.h"
#include "Circle.h"
#include "Square.h"

int main() {
// Test Pen and IncrementalPen
Pen p('c');
p.write(5); // Expected: "ccccc"
std::cout << std> p.setBold(true);
p.write(3); // Expected: "CCC"
std::cout << std>

IncrementalPen ip('x');
ip.write(5); // Expected: "xyzab" (wraps around)
std::cout << std>

// Test Rectangle, Circle, Square with Pen
Rectangle rect(p, 5, 3);
rect.draw(); // Expected: Rectangle shape

Circle circ(p, 3);
circ.draw(); // Expected: Circle shape

Square sq(ip, 4);
sq.draw(); // Expected: Square shape, with incremental pen
return 0;
}

Compilation Instructions

If using the command line, navigate to the project directory and use the following commands to compile: (on windows, otherwise just do not write .exe)

g++ Pen.cpp IncrementalPen.cpp Shape.cpp Rectangle.cpp Circle.cpp Square.cpp main.cpp -o main.exe

To run:
main.exe

Submission Checklist

- Separate interface and implementation to header and cpp files for all your classes.
- Dont forget having your name and id on top of all your source files.
- Do not have any incorrect class or method names because in such a case your program would fail in test cases.
- Use proper comments and indentation in your codes. We will check it.
- Put all of your source code into directory called assignment1, compress it to a zip file and submit. Do not have the any other files in this directory.

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