Due Date:10-Sep-2022

Due Date:10-Sep-2022

You are required to answer all the following questions.

Question 1: (2 marks)

Each of the following addresses belongs to a block. Find the first and the last address in each block.

1.1 14.12.72.8/24

1.2 200.107.16.17/18

Question 2:(4 Marks)

An IP datagram has arrived with the following partial information in the header (in hexadecimal):

450005dc 1e244000 8006

2.1 What is the header size?

2.2 Are there any options in the packet?

2.3 What is the size of the data?

2.4 Is the packet fragmented?

2.5 How many more routers can the packet travel to?

2.6 What is the protocol number of the payload being carried by the packet?

Question 3:(9 Marks)

Suppose you walk into a room, connect to Ethernet, and download a Web page.

3.1 What protocol steps take place, starting from powering on your PC to getting the Web page? Assume there is nothing in our DNS or browser caches when you power on your PC. (Hint: The steps include using Ethernet, DHCP, ARP, DNS, TCP, and HTTP protocols). (6 marks)

3.2 Use Wireshark to capture the relevant packets during you download the Web page to validate your answers by providing the screenshots( hint: you can need to clear your browser caches before capturing the page). (3 marks)

Question 4:(5 Marks)

Facebook's Messenger, SMS, iMessage, and WhatsApp are real-time smartphone messaging systems. After doing some research on the Internet, for each of these systems, write one paragraph about the protocols they use, then write a paragraph explaining how they differ.