FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE

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SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

2022-2023

Guides, Minutes of Meetings & Logbook

Innovative development of industrial robots based on generative design and topology optimisation

Supervised by

Associate Professor CHI HIEU LE

Kausar, Ayesha [001154070]

BEng H DES, INNOV, ENT (EXT-UGIC)

ak1567r@gre.ac.uk

UNIVERSITY OF GREENWICH

PREPARATION FOR THE MEETINGS WITH A SUPERVISOR

1. Most of the communications between a supervisor and a student can be effectively done via the emails. When necessary, the online and offline meetings can be arranged.

To prepare for the meetings (Online Meeting via Microsoft Teams or Face-to-Face Meeting at the school office P216), it is necessary to send 01 Meeting Report and 01 Updated Project Report to Dr Chi Hieu Le at least one or two days in advance. These reports are used for the effective meeting. A supervisor needs to know what are the requirements and enquiries from students, so that the additional support can be prepared.

2. Meeting Report: The meeting report can be summarized in the email which is sent to a supervisor, including the key contents as follows:

(1) Progress reviews What you have been done so far?

(2) Challenges and questions about tasks of a project What are the challenges and difficulties?

The meeting report is mainly used for both a supervisor and a student to prepare for the effective meeting. If you have any questions and requirements for the support and advices from a supervisor, please write down in the meeting report, and then send an email to a supervisor at least one or two days in advance.

3. Project Report: The Project Reports are the reports that you are working on, to be submitted for assessment. You need to update this project report weekly with the good progress.

It is necessary for students to work directly on the project reports based on the provided project templates in the Moodle shell of a module:

A template for a project proposal or project specification report: https://cutt.ly/JBlfLlc

A template for project report or thesis report: https://cutt.ly/WBlfBn1

4. How to store and share the project data with a supervisor?

You should to store all the project data (Weekly Meeting Report, Project Report, CAD/CAM/CNC, FEA, etc.) in the cloud data in Google Drive or OneDrive. When sending the reports and project data to a supervisor, you only need to send the links of Google Drive or One Drive. This especially aims to avoid sending the files of big sizes via the emails. A supervisor will also share the provided guides and data via the Google Drive links.

The best solution to send the big file size is to store the project data in Google Drive or OneDrive, then to send the links of Google Drive or One Drive to view and download.

5. The key assessments of the research project:

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Moodle link of a Module: https://moodlecurrent.gre.ac.uk/course/view.php?id=81547

Detailed guides for to work on the research project

1. Project Planning and scheduling

The Gantt Chart presents clearly the plans of working on the work packages and tasks of a project. You should update the timelines of Gantt Chart, to show the progress of a project. The following are the detailed work packages WP1 to WP and related tasks:

WP1: Project specification and literature reviews

T1.1: Project specification & Introduction

T1.2: Reviews of Industrial Robots

T1.3: Reviews of the key enabling and emerging technologies for innovative product development: Generative design and Topology Optimisation, Additive Manufacturing, Eco-design, CAE (FEA, CFD)

WP2: Technology investigation & analysis:

T2.1: Investigations of technologies and tools for project implementation, with the focus on CAD & 3D Modelling, Generative design and Topology Optimisation.

T2.2: Identification of Markets, Design Problems and Product Design Specification for innovative development of Industrial Robots.

WP3: Materials and Methods - Case studies & implementation: Demonstrations about innovative and cost-effective solutions for developments of Industrial Robots. Full design and product development steps or phases can be implemented when the resources are available: Design Problem, Design Brief, PDS, Concept Design, Embodiment & Detail Design, Design Analysis & Optimisation: FEA, CFD, Eco-Design.

WP4: Results & Discussions: (a) Design analysis, evaluation and optimisation, (b) key discussions about the key outcomes of a project; (c) potentials and applications of the research outcomes; and (d) suggestions for further studies and future work.

WP5: Project reports and poster presentation

2. Working on the project work packages and tasks.

The proposed Gantt Chart and work packages were well-documented. You should work on the project work packages one by one. You start working on from WP1. If you completed WP1, you start working on WP2. If you completed WP2, then you start working on WP3. You should not work on WP3 if you do not complete WP2.

3. How to get the support from the supervisor

When you request for the support, including for the meeting, or the feedback via the email. You should let the supervisor know clearly what are the problems and challenges that you need the supervisor to provide the guides and support.

The sample for you to update the project logbook, and to update the progress report, is shown in this document. When you send the email to a supervisor, you should let me know what Work packages and Tasks that you are doing, and What are the outcomes of the tasks that you completed.

The outcomes should be presented in the progress report as shown in Chapter 1 to Chapter 4.

4. How to send the progress report to a supervisor for comments and feedback

The progress report is the draft version of the final project report. The progress report is the latest update of the final project report, based on the schedule presented in Gantt Chart.

The progress report should present the outcomes of the implemented tasks of a research project, to present chapters from Chapter 1 to Chapter 5.

The quality of the presentation and writing of the chapters should be good so that a supervisor can provide the proof reading and feedback.

You can send the link to download the *.docx file of a progress report if the file size is more than 5 MB. It would be good to store the latest version of a project report in Google Drive, and send the link to a supervisor to view and download the project report.

5. Template and guides how to write the email to a supervisor to get the support and guides for the final year project

The following is the template to write the emails to a supervisor, to request for the support and guides to work on the project. It is important to let a supervisor know clearly the tasks of a project that you are currently working on, and what are the problems and challenges that you need a supervisor to provide the guides and support. You also need to let a supervisor know the latest outcome of a project.

Without this information, the supervisor will not know how to prepare for the meeting. In many cases, the reply via the email is effective to provide the guide and feedback to students.

I will be able to provide the LIVE streaming section to guide you working on the tasks of a project. However, the live streaming section is only planned, when necessary, especially in the case, the emails cannot be used to provide the feedback and comment.

TEMPLATE FOR WRITING EMAILS TO A SUPERVISOR:

Title: Support and guide to work-on-Work Package WP2

Dear Dr Le,

I am working on the Work Package WP1 of a project.

I did complete Task 1.2 and Task 1.2 (Chapter 1), as a part of the literature review report.

I am working on Task 2.1 to Task 2.2 (Chapter 2), and it is expected to complete Chapter 2 by 30 October.

I have a few issues to work on Task 2.2 that need your advice and further support, including the following ones:

- I cannot find the good reference for reviews of the topics A and B.

- I completed the draft writing of Chapter 2, as shown in the enclosed file of this email, or in the following link (Google Drive link to download). I would like to get your feedback on the draft version of Chapter 2, including the latest update of Chapter 1. The progress report is the latest outcome of a project.

Thank you very much.

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE - FINAL YEAR PROJECT PROPOSAL

Title: Innovative development of industrial robots based on generative design and topology optimisation

1. Brief introduction:

Generative design is an iterative design process that involves a program that will generate a certain number of outputs that meet certain constraints. Generative design replicates natural world's evolutionary approach with cloud computing to provide thousands of solutions to one engineering problem. Topology Optimisation is a broad concept deemed to encapsulate different processes for computationally determining structural materials optimal layouts. Topology optimisation is formulated as a non-linear optimisation problem, where the material is distributed in a manner which maximises the stiffness of the structure.

An industrial robot is a robot system used for manufacturing; they are automated, programmable and capable of movement on three or more axes. Typical applications of industrial robots include welding, painting, ironing, assembly, pick and place, palletizing, product inspection, and testing, all accomplished with high endurance, speed, and precision.

In this project, students are able to have opportunities to investigate the state of the art technical and business issues related to Generative Design and Topology Optimisation, especially to fully experience the processes of design and product development, with the focus on Design Analysis and Optimisation.

On completion of this project, students will have a good background and understanding about state of the art design and product development technologies, including Generative Design and Topology Optimisation, CAD, AM-3DP, 3D Animation and Simulation, Design Optimisation (FEA, Material Selection), and engineering management which are necessary for building up a career and following further studies in the areas of Mechanical Engineering, CAD/CAM/CNC/CAE, Engineering Design, Product Development, Engineering & Business Management.

2. Aim and objectives:

The project aims to apply the principles of generative design and topology optimisation in innovative design and development of products, with the focus on the case of industrial robots. The following are the specific objectives of a project:

(1) Literature reviews and investigation about industrial robots (Background and concepts, applications, classification, latest development, challenges for design), Generative Design and Topology Optimisation (background and concepts, latest developments, tools and technologies for Generative Design and Topology Optimisation).

(2) Investigation of the available tools used for Generative Design and Topology Optimisation (Solidworks and/or Grasshopper 3D, NX, Fusion 360 etc.)

(3) Implementations of case studies about applications of Generative Design and Topology Optimisation in innovative development of products, with the focus on the case of industrial robots, including demonstrations of the following key design and product development steps:

- Design problem, Design Brief and Product Design Specification.

- Conceptual Design, Embodiment & Detail Design, with the focus on 3D design modelling activities.

- Design Analysis and optimisation: Applications of the principles of Generative Design and Topology Optimisation for design analysis and optimisation. Other design analysis and optimisations with the use of CFD and FEA, as well as eco-design analysis and material selections will also be applied when necessary.

It is noted that 3D models of different design versions of a product are available for re-design and improvement.

3. Prerequisites:

The following knowledge and skills are required for implementation of the project. Further training and tutorials are available for students when necessary: 3D modelling, CAD systems (Solidworks, PTC Creo, Autodesks Fusion 360, and NX), and FEA. Know-how about the following technologies and skills would be an advantage: 3D animations and simulations, Programming languages.

3. Expected outcomes or deliverable of a project

The following are the expected outcomes and deliverables of a project, based on the proposed objectives:

(1) A report about Literature reviews and investigation about industrial robots (Background and concepts, applications, classification, latest development, challenges for design), Generative Design and Topology Optimisation (background and concepts, latest developments, tools and technologies for Generative Design and Topology Optimisation).

(2) A report about available tools used for Generative Design and Topology Optimisation (Solidworks and/or Grasshopper 3D, NX, Fusion 360 etc.)

(3) A report about the Market analysis and investigation about design and development industrial robots.

(4) A report about Implementation of a case study of design and product development (industrial robots), with the focus on Design Analysis and Evaluation, especially Generative design and Topology optimization.

(5) 3D CAD and CAE data (FEA) related to the implemented case study.

4. Prerequisites:

5. References and further reading

[1] Generative Design with 3D Grasshopper: https://www.grasshopper3d.com

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y66bSN4QFUE

[2] Enhancing the Design Workflow Within SOLIDWORKS Using Generative Design SOLIDWORKS:

https://youtu.be/UTWiaYFlGx4[3] Design Scenario and Design Study SolidWorks: https://youtu.be/Thl1fdDLBWo

[4] Topology Design and Optimisation with Solidworks: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sWOXiKRveOA

[5] Motion simulations with Solidworks: https://youtu.be/OkqX0z6I6QY

[7] Motion simulations with Fusion 360: https://youtu.be/jSaLy4RMnfY

[8] Robot programming with Autodesk Fusion 360 RoboDK: https://youtu.be/gxob-94fNLo

[9] Robot Programming with SolidWorks - Introduction - RoboDK Plug-in: https://youtu.be/mF6Fn6HxHJ8

[10] Transformation matrix to calculate Inverse and Forward Kinematics: https://prajankya.me/dh

http://www.roboanalyzer.com/uploads/2/5/8/8/2588919/dhparams.pdfhttp://faculty.salina.k-state.edu/tim/robotics_sg/Arm_robots/inverseKin.html

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13716023177500

348996014478000

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Link to download 3D CAD Data of Industrial Robots in Parasolid Format:

- ABB robot 01 at UoG: https://bit.ly/3itecig

- ABB robot 02 at UoG: https://bit.ly/3m7R4bf

- Robot3T Robot: https://bit.ly/2ZrMmLO

More 3D robot CAD models can be download at www.grabcad.com

Structure Analysis by FEA with ANSYS:

Tutorials of Ansys workbench: https://bit.ly/3bROp0k

Kinematics of Industrial Robots:

1. Theory and calculations:

- Chapter 16: Kinematics of a Robotic Manipulator in a book:

www.shorturl.at/anuxW or https://tinyurl.com/y5d6cc4k

- Theoretical Description of Robotic Mechanisms: https://bit.ly/3injg7x

- Example of kinematics analysis of robots: https://bit.ly/32lLk5R

- Lecture about Robot Kinematics: http://motion.cs.illinois.edu/RoboticSystems/Kinematics.html

2. CAE tools for Kinematics and Dynamic Simulations

(1) Maple and MapleSim:

- MapleSim: Simulate and Visualize: https://youtu.be/tcA-zV2VpHY

- Getting Started with MapleSim : https://youtu.be/mwomaSYFBE8

(2) Kinematics and Dynamics with ANSYS and ADAMS (it takes time to learn).

3. Eco-Analysis and evaluation: To analyse and evaluate the eco-features, with the focus on selection of the right materials and enviromental impacts assessments:

The use of Eco-Analysis tools in Solidworks is required to do eco-analysis and evaluation. See the following video for examples and tutorials: https://youtu.be/ZftYXww-s2U

The following tools from Autodesk may be used if the software tools are available:

- Autodesk solutions for material productivity: https://youtu.be/5D0I9YkitEM

Other CAE tools for Kinematics and Dynamics of Robots:

(1) GIM software for 2D Kinematic analysis: https://youtu.be/KSFoJz-XylA

(2) Robot simulations with ABB RobotStudio: https://youtu.be/bm-Tyz4Gmzw

(3) RoKiSim 1.7: Robot Kinematics Simulator: https://www.parallemic.org/RoKiSim.htmlGenerative Design - Topology Optimisation

Design Scenario and Design Study SolidWorks: https://youtu.be/Thl1fdDLBWo

Topology Design and Optimisation with Solidworks: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sWOXiKRveOA

Generative Design with Grasshopper and Rhino:

- Generative Design in Grasshopper - Part 1, Parametric model and analysis: https://youtu.be/-HLRtXSG7fQ

- Generative Design in Grasshopper - Part 2, Generating design options: https://youtu.be/nWgbzGn624I

Generative Design with AutoDesk Fusion 360: https://youtu.be/hk4TN8xkSQM

Software for Topology Design and Optimisation:

- Autodesk Fusion 360 topology optimization

- Solidworks, from version 2018.

- NX: Topology Optimisation & Convergent Modelling

- ANSYS: From version 2018 and Discovery Live

- Emerging software and tools: nTopology, 3DXpert, Creo PTC, Tosca and Altair Inspire.

GANTT CHART

Work packages M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8

WP1: Project specification and literature reviews

T1.1: Project specification & Introduction

T1.2: Reviews of Industrial Robots

T1.3: Reviews of the key enabling and emerging technologies for innovative product development: Generative design and Topology Optimisation, Additive Manufacturing, Eco-design, CAE (FEA, CFD) -50802838450063509080500656590930910006438906673850025815347752000 WP2: Technology investigation & analysis:

T2.1: Investigations of technologies and tools for project implementation, with the focus on CAD & 3D Modelling, Generative design and Topology Optimisation.

T2.2: Identification of Markets, Design Problems and Product Design Specification for innovative development of Industrial Robots. -81216515557500-76771547625000 -95885081153000 WP3: Materials and Methods - Case studies & implementation: Demonstrations about innovative and cost-effective solutions for developments of Industrial Robots. Full design and product development steps or phases can be implemented when the resources are available: Design Problem, Design Brief, PDS, Concept Design, Embodiment & Detail Design, Design Analysis & Optimisation: FEA, CFD, Eco-Design.

-7556523685500 WP4: Results & Discussions: (a) Design analysis, evaluation and optimisation, (b) key discussions about the key outcomes of a project; (c) potentials and applications of the research outcomes; and (d) suggestions for further studies and future work. -63915731911600 WP5: Project reports and poster presentation -491934518986500

SAMPLE: Meeting on Wednesday, 20 October

1. Progress reviews What you have been done so far?

This section summarises what you have done so far. Please update Gantt chart when necessary, and mention the tasks that you have been working on and the ones that you completed.

2. Challenges and questions about tasks of FYP What are the challenges and difficulties?

If you have any challenges and questions that you need a supervisor to support and explain, you should list them at this section. The supervisor will be based on these raised issues to prepare for the meeting and to provide necessary support and guides.

3. Supports from a supervisor Advices and materials for you to work on the next steps

This section is completed by the supervisor. The support and guides to solve the raised issues mentioned in Section 2 will be presented at this section.

4. Next plans What will be done for next weeks?

This is the plan for the coming weeks, based on the latest update of Gantt chart. For example, the following are the plans for the coming weeks.

Working on WP1 - PROJECT SPECIFICATION AND LITERATURE REVIEWS

WP1: Project specification and literature reviews

T1.1: Project specification & Introduction

T1.2: Reviews of Industrial Robots

T1.3: Reviews of the key enabling and emerging technologies for innovative product development: Generative design and Topology Optimisation, Additive Manufacturing, Eco-design, CAE (FEA, CFD)

Learning about Generative Design and Topology Optimisation

Learning about 3D CAD modelling (PTC Creo, NX), ANSYS (Structure Analysis- Design Optimisation

Learning about Eco-Design with Solidworks and CES EduPac (Material Selection)

Generative Design - Topology Optimisation

- Design Scenario and Design Study SolidWorks: https://youtu.be/Thl1fdDLBWo

- Topology Design and Optimisation with Solidworks: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sWOXiKRveOA

Generative Design with Grasshopper and Rhino:

- Generative Design in Grasshopper - Part 1, Parametric model and analysis: https://youtu.be/-HLRtXSG7fQ

- Generative Design in Grasshopper - Part 2, Generating design options: https://youtu.be/nWgbzGn624I

Generative Design with AutoDesk Fusion 360: https://youtu.be/hk4TN8xkSQM

Software for Topology Design and Optimisation:

- Autodesk Fusion 360 topology optimization

- Solidworks, from version 2018.

- NX: Topology Optimisation & Convergent Modelling

- ANSYS: From version 2018 and Discovery Live

- Emerging software and tools: nTopology, 3DXpert, Creo PTC, Tosca and Altair Inspire.

Eco-Analysis and evaluation:

To analyse and evaluate the eco-features, with the focus on selection of the right materials and environmental impacts assessments:

The use of Eco-Analysis tools in Solidworks is required to do eco-analysis and evaluation. See the following video for examples and tutorials: https://youtu.be/ZftYXww-s2U

The following tools from Autodesk may be used if the software tools are available:

- Autodesk solutions for material productivity: https://youtu.be/5D0I9YkitEM

Structure Analysis by FEA with ANSYS:

Tutorials of Ansys workbench: https://bit.ly/3bROp0k

Ansys LIVE discovery: https://youtu.be/H1jySucPHWk

5. Note Preparation for the weekly meetings with a supervisor

- For each meeting: Report about the progress and challenges as well as the difficulties need to be solved.

- Before the meeting, you should send supervisor the progress review and meeting report one or two days in advance. The email for sending is HieuLCH@yahoo.com. Please use this email address for sending the report sine the space for storing the file is quite limited if using the email of UoG.

Report prepared by Dr Chi Hieu Le and a student

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Chapter 1 of any research thesis normally presents the overviews about the research project, to help the readers quickly understanding the key content of the research project, and answer directly to the following questions:

1. Project background

In this section, you should include details about the background of the project. This should be presented so that a non-expert can understand the reason behind the work. In this section, you need to present the justification behind the project and why it is important to embark on this project. You should also refer briefly to any other relevant work that is in the research area. You have to cite resources that you use using Harvard References like this (Song and Nemoto, 2005). Remember to include images because a picture is worth a thousand words. Here is a typical way to present figures.

1054105969000

Figure SEQ Figure * ARABIC 1.1: Put here a descriptive caption to the picture. If the picture is not yours, then you must reference it [Cite source of image here].

2. Aims and objectives of the project

To present the general aim, specific objectives and deliverables outcomes of a project.

2.1 Project Aims

This is a one-line statement describing the overall aim/purpose/ambition of the project.

2.2 Project Objectives

This is should be presented as multiple objectives. The objectives are to set of tasks/steps/actions that you want to undertake to achieve the aims stated above. Hence, it will be expected that under this section you should use bullet points to present your objectives. The objectives must be S.M.A.R.T. objectives (Specific, Measurable, Achievable (or Attainable), Relevant, and Time-bound. for example:

1. Objective 1

2. Objective 2

3. Objective 3

4. Objective 4 and others, if you have more than 4 objectives.

3. Definition of relevant terms

If your project has specific terms that need to be defined, you can present those terms here for the reader to understand and appreciate the principles behind your project.

The following are the key terms related to the projects:

Eco-design: Eco-design involves designing or redesigning products, services, processes or systems to avoid or repair damage to the environment, society and the economy.

Topology design and optimisation: Topology Optimization (TO) is a process that optimizes material layout and structure within a given 3D geometrical design space for a defined set of rules set by the designer. The goal is to maximize part performance by mathematically modelling and optimizing for factors such as external forces, load conditions, boundary conditions, constraints, and material properties within the design envelope.

CAD/CAM: Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing

AM 3DP: Additive Manufacturing 3D Printing

4. Scope and limitations of a study

The scope details how in-depth your study is to explore the research question and the parameters in which it will operate in relation to the population and timeframe. Scope broadly refers to the extent to which you plan to study/research your topic. This is done mainly to keep your research practical and feasible.

The limitations of the study refer to the shortcomings of the study things you believe the research lacked or ways in which it could have been better.

Generally, the research topic and scope of study may be big. Due to the limitation of the time, you should present what are the most important contents and what may affect your proposed aim and objectives.

5. Resources for implementation of the project

Present the resources required for implementation of a project. For example, you may need to use CNC machining, 3D printing or software such as ANSYS, Solidworks for implantation of a project. You may need to present the requirements about the budgets for implementation of a project as well.

6. Structure of the thesis report

Briefly present about a structure of a project report, so that the readers know how to read and follow the presented contents in the report.

Basically, Chapter 1 (Section 1) provides the basic information about the project specification. Chapter 2 (Section 2) presents the literature and backgrounds of a project. Chapter 3 (Section 3) demonstrate and investigate the research methods and technologies that need to be used and applied for implementation of the projects research activities. Chapter 4 (Section 4) presents the main implementation of projects work packages or research activities. Finally, Chapter 5 (Section 5) presents the summary, conclusions and brief discussions about the suggestions for further studies.

Chapter 2

LITERATURE REVIEWS

In this chapter, you should present the key contents of the background about the technical contents of your projects, including the theory and practices. You should also provide the related technologies and methods developed by others that you may apply to implement your research project.

The aim of this chapter is to provide the readers about the background and latest development in the field of the study, so that they are able to understand what you will do in the next chapters. They also would like to know how you apply and use the available technologies or developed methods in your project so that the proposed aim, objectives and deliverables are obtained.

In order to implement well and write good contents for this chapter, you should find the good references and materials for citation. You also have to know how to work on the review of the technical topics and research themes. You can use all the available tools and resources as well as the developed technologies and methods from other authors to write this chapter, but remember to cite the sources correctly and relevantly.

1. Introduction

At the beginning of each chapter, it is necessary to provide the short introduction about the content of the chapter, to guide the reader about what you are presenting, and what are the important contents. Normally, the good writers will also highlight the key contributions about science and technology development or reviews of the project.

2. THEME 01: Concepts, applications, classifications and technologies of Industrial robots

To present the concepts, applications, classification and technologies of Industrial robots.

3. THEME 02: Challenges and requirements for design and development of Industrial robots.

To present the technical and economic challenges as well as the technical requirements for development of Industrial robots.

4. THEME 03: Generative Design and Topology Optimisation

To present the reviews and backgrounds about Generative Design and Topology Optimisation.

4.1 Overviews and concepts of Generative Design and Topology Optimisation

4.2 Emerging software and tools for Generative Design and Topology Optimisation

Generative Design - Topology Optimisation

- Design Scenario and Design Study SolidWorks: https://youtu.be/Thl1fdDLBWo

- Topology Design and Optimisation with Solidworks: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sWOXiKRveOA

Generative Design with Grasshopper and Rhino:

- Generative Design in Grasshopper - Part 1, Parametric model and analysis: https://youtu.be/-HLRtXSG7fQ

- Generative Design in Grasshopper - Part 2, Generating design options: https://youtu.be/nWgbzGn624I

Generative Design with AutoDesk Fusion 360: https://youtu.be/hk4TN8xkSQM

Software for Topology Design and Optimisation:

- Autodesk Fusion 360 topology optimization

- Solidworks, from version 2018.

- NX: Topology Optimisation & Convergent Modelling

- ANSYS: From version 2018 and Discovery Live

- Emerging software and tools: nTopology, 3DXpert, Creo PTC, Tosca and Altair Inspire.

5. THEME 5: Overviews of advanced technologies for innovative design and product development

- Briefly presenting about the latest technologies used for innovative design and product development, including, CAD/CAM/CNC, FEA & CFD (Design Optimisation and Analysis).

- Design for X and Design for Additive Manufacturing: Overviews about Design for Additive Manufacturing methods, including (1) Topology Design and Optimisation; (2) Personalised Design and Mass-Customisation.

6. Summary and Conclusions

And the end of each chapter, you should write the summary and conclusion, especially emphasising on the key contents of the chapter, and mentioning about the related contents and sections that are closely linked with this chapter.

Chapter 3

MATERIALS & METHODS

TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION & CASE STUDIES

1. Introduction

2. Project methodology

Presents briefly what are the methods for implementation of the projects tasks and research activities, including the project managements and steps for implementation of a project. It would be good to present the list of work packages and related tasks of a project. Normally, the diagram or flowchart for implementation of a project is presented, with the details about the research tools and methods to be used for implementation of a projects research activities.

The following is a typical example of how to present the research methods and methodology:

The workflow diagram as the methodology for the project implementation is presented in Figure 3.1.

1201691562961. Project Specification and Background

2. Reviews & Technology investigation: Generative Design and Topology Optimisation, Design for X, Additive Manufacturing 3D Printing

3. Market analysis and technical requirements for development of a product.

4. Investigations of the tools for design analysis & optimisation.

5. Case study: Demonstration of the design and product development (DPD) activities to develop a product, with the focus on the main DPD activities: Concept Design, Embodiment & Detail Design, Design Analysis & Optimisation.

6. Project reports and presentation

- Project Handbook & Guides

- Textbooks, Journals, Online Sources

- Literature reviews.

Project Reviews & Documentation

- Market Analysis: Reviews & Surveys.

- Product Design Specification.

- Technical & investigations of the similar products on the markets.

- Case studies & applications.

- 3D CAD Design & Modelling

- Design Analysis & Optimisation.

- Design documentation: Technical drawings.

- Virtual prototyping: 3D CAD animation & simulations.

- Words & Image Processing

- Project progress reports & Data

001. Project Specification and Background

2. Reviews & Technology investigation: Generative Design and Topology Optimisation, Design for X, Additive Manufacturing 3D Printing

3. Market analysis and technical requirements for development of a product.

4. Investigations of the tools for design analysis & optimisation.

6. Project reports and presentation

- Project Handbook & Guides

- Textbooks, Journals, Online Sources

- Literature reviews.

Project Reviews & Documentation

- Market Analysis: Reviews & Surveys.

- Product Design Specification.

- Technical & investigations of the similar products on the markets.

- Case studies & applications.

- 3D CAD Design & Modelling

- Design Analysis & Optimisation.

- Design documentation: Technical drawings.

- Virtual prototyping: 3D CAD animation & simulations.

- Words & Image Processing

- Project progress reports & Data

Figure 3.1: A workflow diagram for implementation of research project activities.The research activities are organised with 5 main work packages (WP) as presented in Gantt Chart of a project (Appendix 1), including the following ones:

(1) WP1: Project specification and brief literature reviews;

(2) WP2: Technology investigation & analysis;

(3) WP3: Materials and Methods - Case studies & implementation;

(4) WP4: Results & Discussions; and

(5) WP5: Producing a project report, poster and presentation.

- To present briefly about approaches and methods used for implementation of project tasks

- To present the work-flow about the project method(s) and implementation

- To present typical case studies done by you about

The following is the diagram about design and product development, with the detailed steps. More information about design and product development steps can be found in related modules and textbooks.

127055056Design Build Test: DBT

Market & Need

Design Specification

Concept Design

Embodiment Design

Detail Design

Manufacture

Market

& Sales

Iterations

Design Problem, Design Brief, Product Design Specifications: PDS

Function Analysis, Morphological Chart, Design Concept Generation & Selection

Product Architecture, Configuration & Parametric Design - Form & Shape Design, Design Analysis & Optimisation: Material Selections, Updated PDS

Detailed 3D Design of Parts & Functional Units, Assembly & Detailed Interface Design, Detailed Analysis & Optimisation: Material Selections & Function Enhancements, Design Documentation: Final PDS with technical drawings, 3D CAD data, Virtual Prototyping & Animations, Final Design Reports

DBT

Design for X

IP Rights, Business Models, Start-Up

Market: Survey & Analysis

DEFINE

DISCOVER

DEVELOP

DELIVER

DEVELOP

USER-CENTRED

DESIGN THINKING

ANALYSIS

SYNTHESIS

0Design Build Test: DBT

Market & Need

Design Specification

Concept Design

Embodiment Design

Detail Design

Manufacture

Market

& Sales

Iterations

Design Problem, Design Brief, Product Design Specifications: PDS

Function Analysis, Morphological Chart, Design Concept Generation & Selection

Product Architecture, Configuration & Parametric Design - Form & Shape Design, Design Analysis & Optimisation: Material Selections, Updated PDS

DBT

Design for X

IP Rights, Business Models, Start-Up

Market: Survey & Analysis

DEFINE

DISCOVER

DEVELOP

DELIVER

DEVELOP

USER-CENTRED

DESIGN THINKING

ANALYSIS

SYNTHESIS

Fig. 3.2: The design and product development framework and flowchart (CHL, 2023)

Depending on your capability and skills about design and product development, especially 3D design and modelling, Design Analysis and Optimisation with FEA and CFD, you should present demonstrations about design activities related to a product, including the details about (1) Market: Survey and Analysis, (2) Development of Product Design Specification Technical Requirements for a product to be developed, (3) Concept Design: To propose design concepts or design solutions or design ideas about a product, then to select the best one for further design and development activities (3D CAD design and Modelling in Embodiment and Detail Design), (4) Embodiment and Detail Design: To present the key contents related to 3D CAD design and modelling and Design Documentation: Technical drawings of components and 3D CAD assembly models, (5) Design Analysis and Optimisation: Structure analysis with FEA, Kinematics and Dynamics, Eco-design, Topology Optimisations, etc.

The following sections presents the key implementations of a project. It is noted that, the more outcomes and demonstrations about design and product development activities, the better grade of this MSc project report that you can get.

3. Market study and Design Problems

Present the market study, surveys about a product as define the design problem.

It would be good and necessary to present the general revies about the markets and customer needs, then to work on the survey about the customer needs.

Please see Appendixes 01 in this document for the typical example of the survey. The aim of the survey is to investigate the customer needs and market, then to develop the product design specifications (technical and economic requirements) for development of a product.

4. Design Brief and Product Design Specification (PDS)

Present briefly about a design brief and PDS - Technical Requirements for a product to be developed.

5. Concept Design - Development of design concepts and selection of the best design concept

- Present a function diagram and morphological charts for generation of design concepts.

- Then to select the best design concept for embodiment and detail design.

6. Embodiments and Details Design

6.1 3D CAD design and Modelling

- 3D modelling of a product

- Design documentation: Technical drawings and rendering photos.

- When necessary, it is good to use the available design in GrabCAD or available CAD database for demonstrations only. There is no need to develop the fully new design of a product.

6.2 Design Analysis & Optimisation - Generative Design and Topology Optimisation

To demonstrate how Generative Design and topology optimisation can be applied to innovate the design of robots. It is necessary to select one of the key components for demonstration:

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4714875514350076200110998000

343178017088300

nTopology

38367732286000

822585838600

33519761199460020666712561100

26282658890002066841134400

6.2 Design Analysis & Optimisation Structural Analysis and Material Selections

The following are other design analysis and optimisation that should be done to get more outcomes of a study:

Design optimisation and analysis with FEA & CFD (Structure and Functional Analysis). Discussion about FEA and CFD analysis when necessary

Eco-design evaluation and analysis

Demonstration of application of eco-design for a product to be developed. It would be good to use the Sustainable Design Tools in Solidworks.

Sustainable Design: Eco-Analysis and evaluation: To analyse and evaluate the eco-features, with the focus on selection of the right materials and environmental impacts assessments:

-The use of Eco-Analysis tools in Solidworks is required to do eco-analysis and evaluation. See the following video for examples and tutorials: https://youtu.be/ZftYXww-s2U

The following tools from Autodesk may be used if the software tools are available:

- Autodesk solutions for material productivity: https://youtu.be/5D0I9YkitEM

7. Development of Proof-of-Concept Prototypes

If the resources are available, it is necessary to work on development of a proof-of-concept prototype for a product. If the resources are not available, you can only need to present a virtual prototype of a product, in the form of 3D Animation and simulations, with the details of technical drawings, to demonstrate the working principles and mechanism of a product.

8. Business models, IP rights and economic issues

If it is possible, to present a proposed business model for a successfully developed products, including issues related to IP rights and commercialisation of IP rights.

To present economic and cost analysis, forecasting, and business models of a product that is proposed and/or successfully developed based on the outcomes of Design and Product Development activities. You can present the proposed Business Model Canvas for a product. The following is the example of a Business Model Canvas for a product to be commercialised:

32982314541500

BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS: Business Model Canvas is a strategic management template used for developing new business models and documenting existing ones.

The Business Model Canvas is a business tool used to visualise all the building blocks when starting a business, including customers, route to market, value proposition and finance.

11. Summary and Conclusions

Chapter 4

RESULTS, DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS & FUTHER STUDY

4.1 Project results and discussions

It is necessary to documents and summary all the key findings and S/T contributions of the study as well as the key discussions of the research project.

You can see the following marking scheme to know that this chapter is very important for your marks (40%):

Aim & Objectives, Backgrounds Problem Analysis Results Discussions Conclusion & Future works General Standard

10% 20% 20% 20% 10% 20%

Tablet and Diagrams to highlight the key tasks, objectives and deliverables as well as results and findings, etc

Summarise key results, contributions, challenges of a project

Discuss about the methods and tools used for research project

Discuss about the results and findings, contribution of a research projects

Discuss about challenges

Discuss about time management, resources used for research

4.2. Conclusions and suggestions for further study

It is necessary to present the challenges and remained objectives that the project needs to overcome and obtain, as well as the key topics suggested for further study. It is also good to explain and discuss a bit more about the future work, and related topics for the research.

Based on the challenges and results of a research project, list the potential research topics and work packages to improve the results and produce more result

Explain more about the further study topics, propose the methods for implementing these topics for better results

Appendix 01: Survey Example - A survey about face recognition devices for applications in healthcare

The rapid increase of technological advancement in the past years has increased the use of smart devices within the health industry. Wearable devices that measure the heart rate, the pulse and calculate the average health of the heart exist and are being integrated into the health systems of the world. There are several applications for such devices. For instance, individuals that are at homecare can have access to some instant tests without the need to travel to a hospital. Some wearable devices can detect even some types of cancer such as skin or mouth/throat cancer by using sophisticated sensors. Other devices such as smartwatches can monitor the overall health by checking the heart pressure, daily activity, and calorie intake.With all the development of the latest technology, devices that work with face recognition are being introduced to the health industry. These devices are also known as smart wearable devices. They are being used by medical staff or as an integrated part of equipment used by people. These devices can serve both the patient and the staff, in procedures such as checking in and out of the hospital and in more complex applications such as information display of a registered patient. They can also provide memory support to patients with stage 1-4 Alzheimers disease or people that suffered memory loss due to a head trauma. In other words, they can help the patients remember friendly faces or the hospital staff that takes care of them. The face recognition technology can also be applied and integrated into a health-care telepresence robot that operates within a hospital or a home. Doctors can control the robot remotely and the integrated recognition technology can detect a registered patient and display all the medical history and details. In some cases, with the aid of the face recognition algorithms the robot can even detect external signs of several types of diseases. The following is a survey about the applications and potentials of wearable devices with face recognition technology. The aim of this technology is the improvement of health monitoring and early detection of diseases.

1. What is your point of view about face recognition technology integrated for medical purposes?

Your answer

2. Have you owned a wearable device (smart watch, VR, etc.) before?

Yes

If Yes what is your opinion?

Your answer

3. Have you owned or interacted with a device that uses face recognition?

Yes

4. If Yes for any of the above, how this technology appealed to you?

I found it extremely helpful.

I liked it but I would not prefer it.

I did not like it at all.

Write very briefly why you like/dislike it.

Your answer

5. Would you agree on the concept of a wearable device for in-home healthcare and telehealth for disease monitoring and prevention?

Yes

Not sure

Other:

Very briefly justify your answer

Your answer

6. Would you agree on the concept of a telepresence robot with face recognition technology for in-home healthcare and telehealth for disease monitoring and prevention?

Yes

Not sure

Other:

Very briefly justify your answer

Your answer

7. How would you feel if the hospital used face recognition to check you in and out, view your medical history and GP appointments?

Yes, I would totally agree as it will decrease the waiting process.

Yes, I would agree but it sounds very complicated.

Yes, but not sure how safe my data will be.

I am not sure as I do not feel comfortable with it.

No, I think this type of technology seems unnecessary in hospitals.

No, I would prefer to use the current way of checking in.

Other:

If Other, please briefly specify

Your answer

8. How would you feel if the face recognition technology for disease detection and prevention would integrate into a telepresence robot for in-home healthcare?

Yes, I think it is a great idea that will help people.

Yes, I think it could work but will require years to be implemented.

Yes, the idea has potential however I would be reluctant to use it.

Not really sure

No, I think is farfetched as I cannot trust my basic health evaluation based on an algorithm and a robot.

No, I would prefer for the health system to operate the way it does now.

Other:

If Other, please briefly specify

Your answer

9. Would you agree on implementing face recognition technology algorithms on remotely GP appointments to maximise time efficiency?

Yes

Not sure

10. Would you agree on implementing face recognition technology algorithms on wearable devices/telepresence robots to detect a number of diseases based on skin colour, eye health etc, before speaking to a professional for full evaluation?

Yes

Not sure

11. Would you feel safer if this technology were owned by elderly members of your family for health monitoring and prevention of diseases?

Yes

Not sure

12. Would you agree if this technology were introduced as part of the NHS for health monitoring and prevention of diseases for people with special needs (elderly, people with special needs, disabled people etc)

Yes

Not sure

13. If you were a patient and this technology option was proposed to you, what would your thoughts and final decision be?

Your answer

14. How much would you consider paying for this technology that is used for health monitoring and early detection of diseases if you have to buy a subscription to a private hospital or the NHS.

<10 GBP annual

10-50 GBP annual

50-100 GBP annual

> 100 GBP annual

15. How much would you consider paying for a smart wearable device with face recognition to help a member of your family that has Alzheimers of memory loss to help him/her to remember faces and names?

<200 GBP

200-500 GBP

> 500 GBP

I would not pay

16. How much would you consider paying for a private face recognition telepresence robot that is used for health monitoring and early detection of diseases?

<500 GBP

500-1000 GBP

> 1000 GBP

17. Any feedback on wearable devices that use face recognition technology that you would like to provide?

Your answer

Submit

Table A1: The questionnaire survey results of 200 feedback about the market and customer needs of a telepresence robot (Author, 2020)

Appendix 02. Market analysis, customer need and product design specificationsWithin a scope and proposed objectives of this research project, a market analysis and identification of a customer need for design and development of a telepresence robot for ageing population is done via the use of literature review and survey.

The literature reviews and investigation of the applications and functions of telepresence robots were done in Chapter 2. For ageing populations, especially for the elderly, the following are well-documented applications of robots in general and telepresence robots in particular to support ageing populations and healthcare: (1) companion, (2) manipulator service, (3) telepresence, (4) rehabilitation, (5) telehealth: health monitoring, medical test & diagnosis, (6) reminder, (7) entertainment, (8) domestic, and (9) fall detection, prevention and emergency calls.

To demonstrate specifically about identification of customer needs for a case study of design and development of a telepresence robots for ageing population, the author did implement the survey, with a total of 301 survey forms posted on the mainstream mobile social apps WeChat and QQ, resulting in 270 effective feedbacks. The following are the survey questionnaires:

Questionnaire 01: Which of the following do you think is an important factor in your purchase? (Multi-choice)

1Storage capacity

2 Price

3Space-saving

4Armrest

5Environmental protection

6Others

Questionnaire 02: What features do you think are important to robots(Multi-choice)

1Pill reminder

2Remote control

3Entertainment

4Telemedicine

5Carrying heavy objects

6Environmental protection

7Others

Questionnaire 03: What's your ideal robot price?

Questionnaire 04: Can you accept the policy of Community old-age care? 1YES 2. NO

Questionnaire 05: What do you want to improve on existing robots?

Table A2.1 and figures A2.1 -A2.2 present a result of the survey feedback about the potential functions and characteristics of a telepresence robots that the users would like to be integrated into the design. Table A2 1 present the developed product specification (technical requirements for a telepresence robot to be designed and developed.

Table A2 1: Survey feedback about the potential functions and characteristics of a telepresence robots that the users would like to be integrated into the design.

Key functions and characteristics Votes Rates %

Storage capacity 49 18

Economical 108 40

Auto-charging function 19 7

Space-saving 30 11

Armrest 11 4

Environmental protection 5 2

Pill reminder 27 10

Opera or music playing 16 6

Environmental monitoring 5 2

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Fig. A2-1: Analysis of the survey about customer need for a telepresence robot: Number of votes for each function and characteristic (Author, 2020).

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Fig. A2-2: Analysis of the survey about customer need for a telepresence robot: Percentage of votes for each function and characteristic (Author, 2020).

Table A2-2: Technical requirements - Specification for a telepresence robot

No Technical requirements Weigh & Importance [1-5]

1 Potential users cannot move freely or have physical disabilities that require support with physical tasks. (i.e. Carrying heavy objects and Used as a wheelchair)5

2 The user needs auxiliary memory (i.e. arranging and reminding appointments and taking medicine on time) 5

3 The users want help in an emergency (i.e. Fall and Sudden illness).5

4 The users need robots that can-do daily housework. (i.e. Sweeping the floor, cooking, washing clothes, drying clothes) 5

5 The users want a good human-computer interaction experience (High-level intelligence rather than simple answer). 5

6 The users want security is guaranteed. (Actively hurting someone or doing something wrong leads to hurting people) 3

7 Can meet the needs of the application environment (Up and down the stairs) 3

8 Telehealth: Health monitoring, Basic medical tests 4

9 The robot should be equipped with 95Wh LiFePO4 battery, with more than 6 hours of battery power 5

10 The eco-friendly materials need to be considered for the key parts to enhance the eco-design features of a product. 3

11 Easy for assembly and disassembly. It can be partially folded to reduce the packaging space 5

12 (4)The maximum speed should be about three miles per hour. 4

Based on the technology investigation and analysis of the commercially available telepresence robots on the market, it is necessary to make the robot more powerful and flexible in integration of additional functions.

The following additional functions may need to be integrated into the design: (1) Able to help the user to carry and move heavy loads without the need for manpower or significant manpower reduction via the use of robot arms; and (2) Integration of the emerging technologies such as AI, Big Data and 5G to make it smart and convenient for update of the next versions of a product.

Besides the specifications presented in Table A2.2, the following requirements also need to be considered during the design and product development process:

The robot is equipped with 95Wh LiFePO4 battery, with more than 6 hours of battery power.

The eco-friendly materials need to be considered for the key parts to enhance the eco-design features of a product.

Easy for assembly and disassembly. It can be partially folded to reduce the packaging space

The maximum speed should be about three miles per hour.

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

PROJECT PROPOSAL

2023/2024

Innovative development of industrial robots based on generative design and topology optimization

WORD COUNT: right814069Disclaimer: This report is prepared and presented as the original work of the student and has not been copied or plagiarized in any way. It is submitted as solely my work in partial fulfilment of the requirement of the course: GEEN1172 Final Year Project - IEng. I understand the universitys plagiarism policy and accept responsibility for every plagiarism charge where existent in this document.

00Disclaimer: This report is prepared and presented as the original work of the student and has not been copied or plagiarized in any way. It is submitted as solely my work in partial fulfilment of the requirement of the course: GEEN1172 Final Year Project - IEng. I understand the universitys plagiarism policy and accept responsibility for every plagiarism charge where existent in this document.

2000 WORDS

AbstractEnter into the world of technology where there is no stopping to unlock the vast opportunities and exploring the innovative development of Industrial Robots with the cooperation of two major components (Generative Design and Topological Optimization) that sets the tone. The projects intention is to enhance the structural integrity, performance, and the sustainability of Industrial Robots. With the mind set to bridge the gap between the theory-to-practice gap, and to tackle the limitations and challenges that will be face along the way. But with the usage of 3D CAD/CAE and important insights for the advancement of Industrial robots which are mentioned below, the desirable outcome of this project is to achieve a cutting edge design and optimization methodologies for the Industrial Robots. (Staff, 2023)

Table of Contents TOC o "1-3" h z u Abstract PAGEREF _Toc20485400 h 2Table of Contents PAGEREF _Toc20485401 h 31.1Background of Project PAGEREF _Toc20485402 h 51.2Aims and Objectives of the Project PAGEREF _Toc20485403 h 51.2.1Project Aims PAGEREF _Toc20485404 h 51.2.2Project Objectives PAGEREF _Toc20485405 h 61.3Definition of relevant terms PAGEREF _Toc20485406 h 61.4Scope of the Project PAGEREF _Toc20485407 h 61.5Literature Review PAGEREF _Toc20485408 h 71.5.1Theme 1 PAGEREF _Toc20485409 h 71.5.2Theme 2 PAGEREF _Toc20485410 h 81.5.3Theme 3 PAGEREF _Toc20485411 h 81.5.4Theme 4 PAGEREF _Toc20485412 h 81.5.5Other themes (if you have them) PAGEREF _Toc20485413 h 81.6Research Methodology PAGEREF _Toc20485414 h 81.6.1Problem Definition PAGEREF _Toc20485415 h 81.6.2Proposed Solution and justifications PAGEREF _Toc20485416 h 81.6.3Research method for investigation PAGEREF _Toc20485417 h 91.6.4Research deliverables PAGEREF _Toc20485418 h 91.6.5Resources needed PAGEREF _Toc20485419 h 91.6.6Risk Assessment PAGEREF _Toc20485420 h 91.7Conclusions PAGEREF _Toc20485421 h 9References PAGEREF _Toc20485422 h 10Appendix: Gantt Chart PAGEREF _Toc20485423 h 12

Background of ProjectTechnology has and still holds a critical impact on the industrial development, and amongst those is Industrial robot. The concept of industrial robot gave birth from an American Engineer, George Charles Devol, Jr. in 1954, and it was due to an encounter between George Charles Devol, Jr. and an Entrepreneur, Joseph Frederick Engelberger in 1954 the man who would know to be as the The father of Robotics, Devol persuaded him of the viability of his concept. Thus, in 1962, the first industrial robot in history was created in the US. CITATION Kaw l 1033 (Kawasaki Robotics, n.d.)center66675

Figure 1: Engelberger, De and their colleagues working on development of the Unimate CITATION Kaw l 1033 (Kawasaki Robotics, n.d.)The concept of industrial robots was introduced in Japan by Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. in 1969. The company's engineer, Mr. Shigeo Hirose, was inspired by the potential of the Unimate, and the first industrial robot was developed in the United States. He believed that the industrial robot could revolutionize manufacturing in Japan. Kawasaki then partnered with Unimation Inc., the company that created Unimate, to develop and produce industrial robots in Japan. This collaboration led to the birth of the Kawasaki-Unimate, the first Japanese-made industrial robot, which was introduced to the market in 1973. CITATION Kaw l 1033 (Kawasaki Robotics, n.d.)

With such concept, these smart mechanical robots tend to do much more effective. The Industrial robots have come

center171450

Figure 2: The Unimate performing spot-welding at a car factory in the USA CITATION Kaw l 1033 (Kawasaki Robotics, n.d.)And today these Industrial robots contributes to vast manufacturing and production Industries, such as Car manufacturing (Kochan, 2005), Modern Assembling of the houses called Kit House using robots to assembly the house (Assembly line robots, no date), Digital Manufacturing (Abbey, 2018) etc

Aims and Objectives of the ProjectProject AimsThe projects intend to delivery an application on generative design and topology in the development of product along with the aid innovative design, with the main focus on Improving their effectiveness, longevity, and performance.

Project Objectives

Here are the following objectives of the project, which will aid in to achieve the aims of the project

Literature Review and Investigation: Review and investigate the literature on industrial robotics, topology optimization, and generative design. (Chi Hieu Le, 2023)

Tool Evaluation: Investigating the tools which are available for Generative Design and Topology Optimization like NX, Fusion 360, Grasshopper 3D, and Solidworks etc. (Chi Hieu Le, 2023)

Market Analysis and Design Feasibility: Analyzing and determining the trends and demands for the industrial robots, while keeping in view factors like customer needs, industrial needs and emerging technologies. Along with the viability of integrating topological optimization and generative design into industrial robots, taking into account the possible advantages in terms of lower costs, better performance, and less environmental effect.

Case Study Implementation: Choose a particular case study about the creation and design of an industrial robot, and concentrate on enhancing its efficiency, structural integrity, or other pertinent performance standards.

Design Analysis and Optimization: Application of topology and generative design practices to display a detailed design analysis of the industrial robot, with the usage of computational tools, comprises of FEA (Finite Element Analysis) and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)

Definition of relevant terms

The following is the list for key terms which are related to this project

Eco-design: That covers or considers all the environmental aspects during the different stages of product development process, aiming to produce a product which makes the lowest possible environmental impact throughout product life cycle.

CAD/ CAM: Computer Aided Design/ Computer Aided Manufacturing.

AM 3DP: Additive Manufacturing 3D Printing

Topology Design and Optimization: The method of Topology Optimization (TO) involves arranging materials and structures in a 3D geometric design space in a way that best suits the designer's predetermined rules. By using mathematical modelling and optimization, the objective is to maximize part performance while accounting for variables such external forces, load conditions, boundary conditions, limitations, and material qualities inside the design envelope.

FEA: Finite Element Analysis

CFD: Computational Fluid Dynamics

Scope of the ProjectThe scope of this project, is based on generative design and topology optimization, which covers an in-depth investigation of cutting-edge engineering ideas used with industrial robots. It goes thorough literature analysis to provide a solid theoretical framework as well as an assessment of generative design and topology optimization software tools. The project also consists of market trend analysis to classify hands on opportunities for using these techniques in industrial robotics. To maximize robot performance and structural integrity, a detail design analysis will be conducted by utilizing computational methods such as Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), taking into account material and eco-design factors. (Misiti, 2020) The application of topology optimization and generative design is to improve the efficiency, performance, and design of industrial robots will be illustrated through the selection of a particular case study for implementation. Detailed documentation and reporting for every stage of the project will be produced, along with 3D CAD and CAE (FEA) data for future reference, literature studies, tool evaluations, market analyses, and case study documentation. (Awadalla et al., 2013). The objective of this project is to improve knowledge and use of topology optimization and generative design in industrial robots while fostering skill development in a range of engineering and simulation capabilities.

Literature ReviewThe literature review for this project consists of themes that are the critical component that administers an encyclopedic understanding of the background, concepts and current developments in the applicable areas. Below are the outlined themes for this project

Industrial Robotics

Understanding the historical development and wide range of uses of industrial robots is provided by the literature on the field. It addresses a variety of industrial robots, including Cartesian, SCARA, other articulated robots, and illustrates the way they serve in welding, painting, assembling, and material handling tasks. (Telefnica, 2023) The significance of precision, speed, safety, structural integrity, and various other challenges to design for manufacturing robots is examined.

center68580

Figure 3. Telefonica (Telefnica, 2023)

Emerging Technologies

(Chapman, 2023) The literature discusses emerging innovations that could have an impact on robots for industry. Topics addressed include innovative materials, sensing technologies, and additive manufacturing (3D printing), which might have a big impact on the industry by opening up new design and execution possibilities.

Automotive Industry

Automotive Industry has a wide use of Industrial Robotics. Robotics technology has accelerated procedures, optimized and extended manufacturing capacity, and empowered enterprises to entirely eradicate human errors (while preserving human ingenuity and problem-solving, of course). (FireCask, 2022b) Hence use this to further investigate the importance of Generative design and Topology Optimization.

center32575500

Figure 4. Car Manufacturing (FireCask, 2022b)

Market Demands and Trends

This theme offers an enormous value on market analysis, focusing attention in particular to the evolving developments and requirements in the robotics for industrial use industry. The literature addresses affordability, efficiency, sustainability, and automation as primary causes of market demands. Furthermore, it points forth ways that topology optimizationand generative design can meet these market demands. (Industrial Robotics Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Application (Handling, Assembling, Processing), By End-Use (Automotive, Electronics), By Region, And Segment Forecasts, 2023 - 2030, no date)

Environmental Considerations

In the framework of industrial robot design, this publication examines the relevance of

eco- design themes and sustainable material selection. It speaks about how lifecycle analysis

and avoiding environmental effect are vital elements of contemporary in the industrial design

(Sustainable Manufacturing with Industrial Robots, 2019)

Research MethodologyIn order to achieve the projects SMART aims and objectives, there will be few in-depth research methods that will be applied in order to obtain the best out come as possible

Problem DefinitionThe major problem related to the efficiency of innovative solution, as there might be challenges that can be faced, such as precision, structural integrity, adaptability in dynamic production environment and weight optimization. Along with whether the approach that will be taken in order to minimize the potential problem is effective?

Proposed Solution and justificationsUsing tools like Solidworks, Grasshopper 3D, NX, and Fusion 360 can aid in to conduct experiment to improve the efficiency, performance, and structural integrity of industrial robots. Hence narrow down the gap or the error while conducting the research.

The justification emerges from the limitations of conventional engineering methods as well as the rising demand for high-performing robots. The subject of industrial robotics has been advanced by this project, which bridges the theory-to-practice gap by offering a workable solution to market demands and environmental concerns.

Research method for investigationModes of investigation includes, a thorough research a qualitative investigation of previous research, a qualitative assessment of the resources available, and a specific case investigation incorporating the use of topological optimizationand generative principles of design.

Research deliverablesComprehensive analyses on market analysis, tool examinations, case study implementation, and literature reviews. Furthermore, case study-related 3D CAD and CAE (FEA) data will be offered. These deliverables aimed to optimize the potential benefits to the Industrial world of robots.

Resources neededTo be able to concluded this project, a vital usage of computational tools such as Solidworks, FEA and CFD will be required, along with accurate collection of data, case study and primary and secondary sources of research will be needed.

Risk AssessmentThis project's risk assessment encompasses an array potential hazards.

Data Availability: Risk connected with possessing restricted access to comprehensive information for the case study, which could have an impact on the research's quality

Software Tools: Risks involve issues with compatibility, possible learning curves, and software tool limitations that could hinder the project's development

Time Constraints: Risk concerns the complexity of computational analysis and design iterations might lead to delays in finishing the project dates.

Market Analysis Accuracy: Risks associated with erroneous market analysis might end up in erroneous judgements about the requirement for topological optimization and generative design in robotics for industry.

ConclusionsTo sum up everything that has been stated above so far, the aim and objective of this project is to narrow down the bridge between the theoretical knowledge and the practical application in the field of industrial robots. With the hand in hand usage of generative design and topological optimization applications, there are ample of opportunities that can be unlocked. Plus, with this modern day software applications. This project aims to delivery actual solutions to challenges and limitations that are hindering the optimization of Industrial Robots. Thus, leading ultimately to the development of industrial robots and the use of cutting-edge design and optimization techniques.

ReferencesAbbey, T. (2017) Topology Optimization Methods, Digital Engineering. Available at: https://www.digitalengineering247.com/article/topology-optimization-methods/. (Accessed: 03 November 2023).

Assembly Line Robots (no date a) Robots Done Right. Available at: https://robotsdoneright.com/Articles/assembly-line-robots.html (Accessed: 03 November 2023).

Chapman, A. (2023) The Complete History of 3D printing, UltiMaker. Available at: https://ultimaker.com/learn/the-complete-history-of-3d-printing/ (Accessed: 03 November 2023).

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left21157800Appendix: Gantt Chart

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