ECA Ramadan iftar schedule

ECA Ramadan iftar schedule

5:30 pm 5:50 pm - Guests arrive

5:55 pm Breaking of fast / Magrib athaan6:00 pm - break for prayer

6:10 pm dinner being served

6:40 pm - Quran recitation

6:55 pm - Sheik Hassan speech

7:15 pm - Kahoots quiz

7:45 pm - Taraweeh prayer

9:00 pm - Pack / clean up time

Legal Research Methods

Assessment one

Hiba ShaninoResearch topic:

Is there a preferred model in how First Australians should be recognised in the federal Constitution?

Part A- Secondary Source

Australian, Parliament. House of Representatives. Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs. Mark Dreyfus, Reforming our constitution: a roundtable discussion/ House of Representatives Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs (2008) The Parliament of the commonwealth Australia 7, addresses various alterations within the constitution that must be made to move forward and reflect the changes that have occurred within the nation in the 21st century.

In relation to the recognition of Indigenous Australians within the Constitution the article focuses on the previous changes that have occurred and the current provisions outlined that refer to Indigenous Australians and amending the recognition of the position of the Indigenous Australians as the custodians of the land. The article also honors the lack of representations of Indigenous Australians within the constitution. In 1999 a preamble proposal stating recognition of Indigenous Australians for their deep heritage with the land and for the culture both ancient and continuing which enrich the life of Australia, however this proposal was rejected. The authors also addressed section 25 of the Constitution which is at most irrelevant and does not reflect the values of the contemporary Australian public and should be removed. It was also outlined that the question of today is not why recognition is important but rather how to approach this crucial point within the Constitution.

The evidence used within this article is based upon the history and current climate of the relationship between Indigenous Australians and non-Indigenous Australians and how it is demonstrated within the Constitution. Dr ODonoghue also highlighted the importance of the fact that the discussion has occurred for many years without any active steps to contribute to the situation, with some frustration, that discussions about a treaty, agreement, compact or makarrata have been ongoing for many years. Dr ODonoghue also mentioned the successful treaties of Canada and New Zealand as prime examples.

Part B- Secondary Source (Peer reviewed)

Land, Rights, Laws: Issues of Native Title George Williams, RECOGNISING INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE AUSTRALIAN CONSTITUTION: WHAT THE CONSTITUTION SHOULD SAY AND HOW THE REFERENDUM CAN BE WON (2011) Native Title Research Unit 5

This paper discusses the appropriate method in which a referendum can achieve recognition of the original custodians of Australia. This paper investigates the background of this proposal and the legal, practical, and political preconditions for this referendum to gain success. The author continues by stating that change within the Constitution is overdue as the story of this nation is incomplete without the mention of the history of the occupants of this land prior to white settlement.

The author argues that the removal of racial discrimination within the document is also crucial as the Constitution was written in the 1890s and was guided by racism as this led to the creation of the White Australia Policy and a range of various discriminatory laws and practices. The author makes mention of section 127 that made it unlawful to include aboriginal people when counting the number of people of the Commonwealth, this was later removed in the 1967 referendum.

This paper also addresses what needs to be done for changes to occur. Its emphasis on the importance to mention Indigenous people and their culture and the deletion of section 25 and 51(26). The inclusivity of the new section compensates the absence of Indigenous people and their rights.

The authors mention of the 1967 referendum showcases the ability and the success of change within our system and specifically within the Constitution, the yes vote reached a record high of in securing over 90% support from the Australian people. This indicates the significant movements that needs to occur as society progress and changes throughout history.

Part C- Comparison

These sources both have similarities in terms of the eagerness for change within the Constitution and the recognition of both Indigenous people and their culture. They both make mention of section 25 of the Constitution and the lack of the relevance it has in the world we live in today. Both sources have valid arguments and evidence to support these arguments. However, source B serves more weight in terms of credibility as it concludes on the possibilities of changing and the occurrence of that change. The research question asks how the Constitution should recognise Indigenous People, and the second source advocates and address the changes that must occur for a successful change within the constitution.

Bibliography

Article

Australian, Parliament. House of Representatives. Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs. Mark Dreyfus, Reforming our constitution: a roundtable discussion/ House of Representatives Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs (2008) The Parliament of the commonwealth Australia 7, addresses various alterations within the constitution that must be made to move forward and reflect the changes that have occurred within the nation in the 21st century.

Land, Rights, Laws: Issues of Native Title George Williams, RECOGNISING INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE AUSTRALIAN CONSTITUTION: WHAT THE CONSTITUTION SHOULD SAY AND HOW THE REFERENDUM CAN BE WON (2011) Native Title Research Unit 5

Legislation

Section 25 of the Australian Constitution- Banning people of any race from voting in state elections

Section 51(26) of the Australian Constitution- Ability for Parliament to make laws based on race

Section 127 of the Australian Constitution- Indigenous people not be counted in population