Integrated Life Science 2 ILS2-22980

Module title

Integrated Life Science 2

CRN

22980

Level

4

Assessment title

Practical write up assignment

The physiological control of heart rate pre and post exercise

Weighting within module

This assessment is worth 50% of the overall module mark.

50% of the module mark also comes from the Written Exam please see the separate assessment brief for this.

You must achieve 40% for both the Written Exam and the Practical Write Up Assignment to pass the Integrated Life Science 2 module.

Submission deadline date and time

To be submitted by 4pm Thursday 2nd May 2024.

If you have a Reasonable Adjustment Plan (RAP) you should check it to see whether an extension to this submission date has been agreed.

Module Leader/Assessment set by

If you have any questions about the assignment, please contact your module leader:

Dan Parker - Room PO-41; Tel 0161 2956284

Email d.j.parker1@salford.ac.uk

How to submit

You should submit your assessment electronically via Turnitin. Your assignment will be marked anonymously, therefore please indicate your student ID number but not your name.

Submitting a draft to Turnitin to check your originality score:

If you would like to submit a draft piece of work to generate a draft Turnitin report, please use your Blackboard module site called 'Assessment support':

https://blackboard.salford.ac.uk/ultra/courses/_129709_1/cl/outline

Submitting your final piece of work to Turnitin

The Turnitin page for your final submission can be found on the Blackboard module site under; Assessment; Practical write up/assignment SUBMISSION AND INFORMATION AREA.

Further information about how to submit via Turnitin can be found on your Assessment support Blackboard module site at the link below: https://blackboard.salford.ac.uk/ultra/courses/_129709_1/cl/outline

If you have further queries about Turnitin and what a similarity score is, please contact a member of the teaching team (details can be found above)

Assessment task details and instructions

OVERVIEW OF THIS ASSIGNMENT:

During the module, you will learn about the anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system including the physiological processes involved in the regulation of heart rate and blood pressure. This assignment will allow you to apply your knowledge to measurement of pulse taken from a group of people before and after cardiovascular exercise. You will collect data during a timetabled session in week 4.

The introduction will focus on the physiological control of heart rate, whilst the discussion will focus on the physiological reasoning behind any changes you observe in the data that you are provided with.

AIMS OF THIS ASSIGNMENT:

The overall aims of the assignment are to enable you to apply your understanding of the physiological regulation of heart rate and on basic statistical analysis methods to explain the effects of exercise heart rate. As the data will be collected under experimental conditions, you will also be required to evaluate the design of the experiment and suggest improvements to that design.

Specific aims are to:

develop investigative skills, concerning the following:

- Understanding the physiology of heart rate regulation at rest and after exercise.

- Understand how age and sex influence heart rate.

Collect data following an experimental protocol.

Analyse (using descriptive statistics) and describe the data.

interpret and discuss the results.

develop your academic writing style to produce a piece of work that is correct, understandable to the reader, and written professionally.

HOW TO WRITE UP THE REPORT:

You should make it a priority to demonstrate a knowledge of physiology and its application to heart rate data. The marks will be awarded as per the accompanying marking rubric. Use this to see what it is that assessors are looking for and how the marks will be awarded.

The suggested word counts under each section below are loose guidelines. You will notice that the majority of marks are to be gleaned from the introduction and discussion. This is where your efforts should principally be directed. The following layout is suggested.

Preparation tip: Attend each of the afternoon sessions that will focus on your assignment.

Read the following chapter 21.3 in Principles of Anatomy and Physiology by Tortora GJ. Read this before looking for more literature. It will orvide you with the fundamental knowledge to build on.

TITLE

The physiological control of heart rate pre and post exercise.

INTRODUCTION

The introduction should set the scene for the assignment. It should provide the reader with a summary of the main physiological processes involved with heart rate control at rest and the aims and rationale for the study.

It should detail the following:

a general introductory statement regarding the aims of the study and a definition of heart rate.

detailed information on specific physiological systems involved with heart rate regulation (regardless of activity level) and how they are coordinated. This should relate to neurological, biochemical and hormonal factors. This list of examples above is not exhaustive.

Advised word limit = 600 words

Approximate percentage of marks = 35%

Preparation tip: Before beginning to write, review the lecture notes and source relevant information from textbooks and research papers (see the guidance in the Reference section below). The time investing in this reading will provide you will the knowledge required to understand the data.

METHOD

Do not include this as this has already been provided. Please write a sentence referring the reader to the protocol.

RESULTS

You will be provided with an Excel spreadsheet that contains the full dataset collected during week 5 with heart rate for different participants pre and post exercise. During the module, you will learn how to make sense of the data in the context of cardiovascular regulation. Another term for making sense of the data is data analysis or descriptive statistics. Through your learning on the module, you will be able to calculate the mean and standard deviation of the data sets and understand how to interpret the results of your calculations.

The results section should only display the data and not the interpretation. The interpretation will be included in the final section (Discussion).

Display the results in a suitable format e.g. tables, graphs. Ensure your tables or graphs are clearly labelled. Do not duplicate data presentation e.g. the same data as a line graph, and a bar chart.

Remember to describe each table or graph with some text in sentence form, describing what the table or graph shows (but not why it shows this as this will be covered in the Discussion).

If you would like to include the raw data from the Excel spreadsheet, this should be put in an Appendix at the end of your assignment.

Advised word limit = 150 words

Approximate percentage of marks = 10%

Preparation tip: Look up the terms above in bold font. An understanding of these terms from the outset will help you to understand what the outcomes of your data analysis means. You will find explanations for these terms in any research methods textbook (specifically a book targeted at health care professionals).

DISCUSSION

By the time you get to this section, you will have a clear understanding of the fundamentals of the physiological control of heart rate and the results of the experiment. This section should link the current knowledge with the experimental outcomes. In other words, you should use your knowledge to explain (interpret) the results. You might find that looking at other similar studies helps to improve your knowledge and ability to interpret the results. You might also find that some of the results can be explained, but others cannot. If the latter is the case, then look at the design of the experiment and see whether there is anything about the design that might have influenced the results. The correct term for these observations is called experimental limitations.

These are the three main questions you must answer and discuss in detail:

Do the results show a difference in heart rate when measured pre and post exercise? Explain your results using the literature.

Why do the results show a difference in heart rate pre and post exercise? Explain the physiology behind this.

How do your results compare to those observed in other studies?

What were the limitations of the experimental design?

You may also wish to consider additional questions (this is not an exhaustive list). These details are likely to results in higher marks.

Do the results differ depending on the sex of the participant? And what is the physiology that underpins this?

Do the results differ depending on the age of the participant? And what is the physiology that underpins this?

Remember to provide a brief conclusion (summary) of your piece of work (two sentences maximum which should not introduce any new concepts).

Advised work count = 750 words

Approximate percentage of marks = 35%

Preparation tips: Find data in the literature on heart rate and compare that data to the results from this experiment. Think about factors that can affect heart rate, for example heart rate at rest; changes in heart rate with different activities; resting heart rate differences between the sexes; resting heart rate changes with age. These sources will explain why there are differences, which will help you to explain our experimental results. These sources may also describe how experimental design might have an impact on the results.

REFERENCES

References are an essential component of an academic piece of work. As clinicians, we are required to practice according to evidence. At this stage in the course, you must become familiar with sourcing high-quality information (or evidence) and citing it correctly in your work. Remember to cite references after all statements of fact. These can include texts (any textbook from the recommended reading list), peer-reviewed academic journals or material from websites that contain peer-reviewed information. Do not use non-peer-reviewed internet search engines to find information. For an assignment of this type, you should go to textbooks first, to understand the fundamental points. Once you have a good understanding of the topic, then search for other evidence via academic journals, databases and credible internet sources.

All in-text references must be referenced according to the University guidelines (APA 7th Harvard style) with the use of a reference list at the end of the document.

Advised word count = References are not included in the word count

Approximate percentage of marks = 10%

Preparation tips: See the Reference Guide posted on the module site. Look up the meaning of peer review.

FORMAT / PRESENTATION

Higher marks will be awarded for work demonstrating:

- clarity.

- correct sequencing and organisation of material.

- a thorough understanding of the data.

- use of appropriate references (according to the University guidelines).

All tables and graphs need to be clearly labelled with, a title, axis labels, units of measurement, and a figure legend. Remember that a figure (table/graph) should contain enough information to stand alone from the main body of the text and communicate your most significant results.

Work should be presented as a word processed document that is double spaced and typed in a size 12 Ariel or Calibri font.

Use the subheadings of introduction, results, method, discussion conclusion and reference list to structure your work.

Remember to write in the 3rd person.

Approximate percentage of marks = 10%

Preparation tips: Before writing the content, you may want to make a list of headings (and subheadings). This will help you be clear on what information you would like to include and to structure the assignment.

When you have done this, take some time to look at the marking rubric. This will help you to understand how your plan compares to what your tutors would like to see in your assessment.

When you finish writing the assignment, put it aside for a few days and then return to it. This will allow you to have a fresh perspective on what you have written and you may spot some grammatical or typographical errors. This is called proof reading. You can also ask a friend or relative to read it. They may be able to spot things that you have missed or some things that can be explained more clearly.

Some people find it helpful to read the final assignment aloud.

PROTOCOL FOR COLLECTING ANKLE BLOOD PRESSURE:

This is a separate document which can be found in the assessment folder on Blackboard.

Knowledge and Understanding

Practical, Professional or Subject Specific Skills

Assessed intended learning outcomes

On successful completion of this assessment, you will be able to:

1. Demonstrate the ability to analyse and interpret experimental data.

2. Describe the anatomy and physiology of the heart and circulatory system, including bloods vessels and lymphatics.

1. Identify learning needs and locate a wide range of resources to meet those needs.

2. Develop problem solving skills.

3. Communicate effectively with peers and supervisors.

4. Develop numeracy skills.

5. Application of theoretical knowledge to a clinical scenario.

For Apprentices Only

Knowledge Skills and Behaviours (KSB)

This assessment prepares apprentices for the End Point Assessment by assessing progress towards the following KSBs:

K7 The structure and function of the human body including the biomechanics of the lower limb and the impact it has on the whole body.

K9 A range of clinical needs relevant to the lower limb such as acute or chronic neuropathies, long term conditions, or musculoskeletal disorders including dealing with people with a degenerative condition or whose diagnosis or prognosis is worsening.

K21 Ways to manage group dynamics or individual sessions including ways to ensure material is understood.

K22 Health and safety legislation, policies and procedures including how to assess risks that ensures safety and security and promotes recovery, mobility or independence.

K31 A range of research methods used in podiatry including the principles and applications of scientific enquiry to podiatry and lower limb function.

K35 The role of outcome measures in evaluating the efficacy of treatments and interventions including ways of improving podiatry practice.

Module Aims

To enable you to appreciate the anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems with particular reference to the lower limb.

Word count/ duration (if applicable)

Your assessment should be 1500 words long (+5%) excluding figures (tables/graphs), in-text references and your reference list.

See the above section (assessment task details and instructions) for the advised word allocation for each section of the assignment.

If you exceed the word limit your assessor will only mark up to the point of the word limit (to the nearest full sentence).

Feedback arrangements

Formative feedback / practice for success:

You can submit a draft introduction including an example of how you would record three references in the references list and a bullet point plan for the results and discussion by Tuesday 12th March 1p.m (week 9) to the journal in this folder called 'Submission area for practical write up formative (draft) feedback'.

NB. You can submit this much earlier if you would like - just drop your assignment tutor an email to let them know.

Please note that work submitted after these deadlines will not receive feedback.

Summative (formal) feedback:

You will be provided with feedback 3 weeks after the submission date. This will include comments in text and a feedback summary (both through Turnitin).

Support arrangements

You can obtain support for this assessment by:

• attending all scheduled teaching sessions relating to the assignment.

• submitting your draft introduction for feedback.

• attending the open assignment drop in session.

• emailing the teaching team for any outstanding questions that have not been answered by following the above procedures (expect to receive a reply within 3 working days unless an out of office notification has been displayed).

askUS

Good Academic Conduct and Academic Misconduct

The University offers a range of support services for students through askUS.

Students are expected to learn and demonstrate skills associated with good academic conduct (academic integrity). Good academic conduct includes the use of clear and correct referencing of source materials. Here is a link to where you can find out more about the skills which students need https://www.salford.ac.uk/library/skills.

Academic Misconduct is an action which may give you an unfair advantage in your academic work. This includes plagiarism, asking someone else to write your assessment for you or taking notes into an exam. The University takes all forms of academic misconduct seriously. You can find out how to avoid academic misconduct here.

Assessment Information

Personal Mitigating Circumstances

Personal Tutor/Student Progression Administrator

If you have any questions about assessment rules, you can find further information in Blackboard in the Assessment Support area.

If personal mitigating circumstances may have affected your ability to complete this assessment, you can find more information about personal mitigating circumstances procedure here.

If you have any concerns about your studies, contact your Personal Tutor or your Student Progression Administrator.

Assessment Criteria

Your assessment will be marked using the assessment marking rubric see the Assessment folder on Blackboard.

The breakdown of marks for each section is detailed in the above section (assessment task details and instructions).

In Year Retrieval Scheme

Your assessment is not eligible for in year retrieval.

Reassessment

If you fail your assessment, and are eligible for reassessment, you will need to resubmit in the resit period. For students with accepted personal mitigating circumstances, this will be your replacement assessment attempt. Students should be aware that there is no late submission period at reassessment (this includes those students who have an accepted PMC request from a previous attempt).

If a student needs to be reassessed the reassessment will be the same.