PSYC200 Written Assignment T2 2023

Due 20th of August, 2023, at 11:59 pm AEST

Part A: Annotated bibliography (45 marks)

Goal: The goal of Part A is to develop your research skills by learning to construct an annotated bibliography on a topic. To do this, you will locate, summarise, and comment on three journal articles. It relates to Learning Outcomes 1, 2, and 3:

1) demonstrate coherent theoretical and technical knowledge in the topic area of social psychology,

2) assess the evidence for a range of theories in social psychology,

3) independently read and evaluate scientific articles in social psychology.

You will be taught how to prepare an annotated bibliography in Practicaldesign 1.

Product: An annotated bibliography reporting three empirical social psychology journal articles that are relevant to the selected topic, which will be selected from a list of three topics at the end of this document. At the end of each bibliography entry, you will provide a table that displays the research design and main results of one study from that paper. The word limit, which excludes the title page and table headers but includes the citations, is 1,000 words.

A word of caution - do not copy Abstracts into the annotated bibliography. An Abstract serves a different purpose to an annotated bibliography and copying or closely paraphrasing an Abstract would be an act of plagiarism.

Format: You are required to find three empirical psychology articles that have been published in reputable psychology journals and are relevant to your research topic. You will then produce an annotated bibliography in which the articles are placed in alphabetic order. For each article, you should provide the citation information at the top, followed by a summary of the article which includes an assessment of its usefulness and/or limitations for your research topic. Please do not included qualitative papers in your annotated bibliography.

A good guide to whether you have accessed a psychology article from a reputable psychology journal is that the journal is included in the Web of Science list of Psychiatry/Psychology journals or in the ProQuest Psychology database (click here for the ProQuest psychology journals list). It is even better if these are dedicated social psychology journals (these are identified in Web of Science, see the Module 1 exercise titled Try it! Exploring journals in social psychology). You can access Web of Science and ProQuest Psychology from the UNE library at https://une.au.libguides.com/az.php?You should use the example at the end of page 2 of the Academic Skills Office Fact Sheet titled Writing an Annotated Bibliography as a guide to what each bibliography entry should include. Include steps 1-5 described on the fact sheet in each bibliography entry, however, please note that the example they provide is not an empirical article, so it is a little different to what is needed in the current research.

At the end of each bibliography entry, you should include a table that breaks down the design of a study from that article (if the paper includes multiple studies, choose just one study for the research breakdown). This table is different from the one on page 2 of Writing an Annotated Bibliography. Your table should include (in your own words):

The main research question tested in the study, identifying and underlining the independent variables (IVs) and the dependent variables (DVs) where present.

E.g., The research question in the paper by Crandall, Miller and White (2018) could be stated as:

What was the effect of Donald Trumps election (IV) on Democrat and Republican supporters (IV) perceived normativity of prejudice (DV) towards groups who were targeted or not targeted (IV) by Trump during his election campaign?

If there are no IVs and DVs (as in a correlational design), underline the variables that were measured in the study and state in parentheses after each (VAR), so that we know what the variables in the design were. Please note that regression analysis uses predictor variables (IVs) and outcome variables (DVs), so if multiple regression is reported, you can identify IVs and DVs even though it is a correlational design. We are presenting the papers main research question rather than a hypothesis, as not all papers provide a hypothesis.

The type of Design.

E.g., experimental, cross-sectional, etc. as explained in your textbook, chapter 2.

The major result.

E.g., the major result from Crandall, Miller and White (2018) could be stated as: For groups targeted by Trump, Trump and Clinton supporters both showed significantly higher perceived normativity of prejudice after the election than before. This was not found for groups who were not disparaged by Trump.

Below is an example table breaking down Crandall, Miller and Whites (2018) research design. This would go at the end of an annotated bibliography entry for their article:

Main research question Type of Design Major Result

What was the effect of Longitudinal * For groups targeted by Trump,

Trumps election (IV) on Trump and Clinton supporters

Democrat and Republican both showed significantly supporters (IV) perceived higher perceived normativity

normativity of prejudice (DV) of prejudice after the election

towards groups that were than before. This was not

targeted or not targeted (IV) by found for groups who were

Trump during his election not disparaged by Trump.

campaign?

_______________________________________________________

* Please note that under Type of Design this is described as a longitudinal study because it measures perceived normativity of prejudice to targeted and non-targeted groups at Time 1 (before election) and Time 2 (after election). It is not a proper experiment because participants were not randomly allocated to condition.

The annotated bibliography is to be presented in 12-point Times New Roman font (black), with 2.5 cm margins and sized for A4 paper. It must be submitted together with Part B of the assignment as one document in .docx format with the filename as follows: Topic Number_Surname_Firstname.docx.

For example Topic 2_Smith_Jane.docx

Part B: Opinion Piece (55 marks)

Goal: The goal of Part B is to develop your ability to engage with the research findings on a social psychology topic and communicate them to the public. To do this, you will write an opinion piece (also referred to as a column or an op-ed) that presents social psychology research on a specific topic to the public. It relates to Learning Outcomes 1, 2, 3, and 4 for this unit:

1) demonstrate coherent theoretical and technical knowledge in the topic area of social psychology,

2) assess the evidence for a range of theories in social psychology,

3) independently read and evaluate scientific articles in social psychology, and

4) transmit your knowledge in written form using the proper convention for an empirical report in psychology using the American Psychological Association (APA) referencing style.

Product: A tightly argued opinion piece that presents social psychology research on a topic to the public. The topic can be selected from a list of three topics, see below. Your opinion piece must refer to and make use of the three empirical studies that are summarised in the tables in the annotated bibliography. It is expected that you will refer to more than those three papers in your article (we would expect around 5-10 papers to be cited).

Format: You are required to write a 1,000-word (+/- 10%) science-based opinion piece that brings relevant psychological research to bear on an important social problem. The opinion piece is to be written as if it were targeted at the Australian edition of The Conversation. The Conversation is an online newspaper located at https://theconversation.com/au which aims to provide independent journalism that is based on authenticated research findings. Your task is to locate social psychology research that is relevant to your topic and write an opinion piece that makes sense of the research and communicates it in a sensible way to the public. You are to assume that your audience is educated to the level of a bachelor's degree but has no specific knowledge of psychology. You should use APA style referencing, but the opinion piece itself does not require strict APA style in terms of headers, etc.

Although opinion pieces come in many forms, a good opinion piece has the following features: it identifies a specific puzzle (e.g., Why are obesity rates increasing?), it examines the issue in the light of current scientific thinking (theory) and evidence (research findings), and communicates some novel insight about the nature of the problem or proposes a solution based on the available evidence. Your opinion piece should show your own thinking on the issue, informed by research evidence, and the ability to form an opinion that shows an unbiased consideration of the relevant research findings.

Your arguments should be supported by citing published articles from reputable psychology journals. As mentioned in Part A, this can be gauged by their inclusion in the list of Web of Science psychology journals (see the Module 1 exercise titled Try it! Exploring journals in social psychology for how to locate these) or in ProQuest Psychology. You must cite the three studies that are tabulated in your annotated bibliography (Part A of this assignment).

There is an article provided on Moodle How to Write an Op-Ed or Column which gives some guidelines for the writing of an opinion piece. Two examples of high-scoring assignments from previous years are also provided on Moodle and you can find examples at The Conversation website and at https://blog.une.edu.au/socialpsychology/ under Using social psychology to address real-world problems. Practical 2 will discuss forms of writing in psychology, including communicating with the public.

The opinion piece is to be presented in 12-point Times New Roman font (black), with 2.5 cm margins and sized for A4 paper. Referencing is to use APA style, and a references list will be provided at the end of the opinion piece but does not contribute to the word count. It is submitted together with Part A of the assignment as one document in .docx format with the filename as follows: Topic number_Surname_Firstname.docx.

(For example Topic 2_Smith_Jane.docx)

Only one title page is needed. Along with your name, student number and assignment due date, it should give the topic number you are addressing on one line and the title of your opinion piece on the following line. You should also include your opinion piece title at the top of the first page of Part B.

Topic List

Choose one of the following

Each topic includes a suggested reading from Social and Personality Psychology Compass. This is a journal that presents summaries of areas of recent research and/or theory and is a good starting point when coming to grips with a new topic. I am suggesting these articles simply as a starting point for your reading. Please do not include them in your annotated bibliography, which is meant to represent your independent literature search on the topic. Log into UNEs library to access the articles (dont use the doi addresses as you may not have access that way).

TOPIC 1 Brief summaryImplicit biases may underly many of the racial biases we see in policing. Police departments are attempting to adjust their policies and training to counteract the harmful effects of implicit biases.

Opinion piece topic

What are some of the negative consequences caused by implicit biases in police officers? How could our understanding of implicit bias be used to design interventions to reduce these consequences?

Suggested reading: Spencer, K. B., Charbonneau, A. K., & Glaser, J. (2016). Implicit bias and policing. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 10(1), 5063. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12210

TOPIC 2 Brief summaryPeople engage in motivated reasoning to justify eating meat despite the concerns they might have regarding the practise of farming animals for food.

Opinion piece topic

What are some strategies people use to avoid or reduce the cognitive dissonance caused by eating meat? Your opinion piece should describe at least three different strategies that can be used to avoid or reduce meat-related cognitive dissonance.

Suggested reading: Rothgerber, H., & Rosenfeld, D. L. (2021). Meatrelated cognitive dissonance: The social psychology of eating animals. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 15(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12592TOPIC 3 Brief summaryThe Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) is a well-supported theory of why advertisements that use fear as a motivator (fear appeals) are or are not effective.

Opinion piece topic

How can the EPPM be used to design more effective fear appeals for smoking cessation? In other words, according to the EPPM, what are the necessary components of an effective fear appeal for smoking cessation?

Suggested reading: Maloney, E. K., Lapinski, M. K., & Witte, K. (2011). Fear appeals and persuasion: A review and update of the Extended Parallel Process Model. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5(4), 206219. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00341.x

FURTHER DETAILS

Marking criteria

Separate grading sheets are provided for Parts A and B of this assignment. Please work closely with the grading sheet when preparing your assignment.

Additional assessment requirements

Students are required to successfully complete the Academic Integrity Module before submitting the assignment

We recommend you do a Turnitin Originality Self-Check (link is available in the "Assignment Help" section to the right of the screen when in the assignment submission portal). The assignments will be checked for plagiarism using Turnitin when they are submitted.

Assignments that are submitted late without an extension will be penalised at 5% of the assessment tasks identified value per day for 10 days (maximum deduction of 50%) after which a mark of zero is recorded. Late assignments are returned with reduced feedback

If you need an extension, please complete the Extension request form that you can access under the Moodle Assessments tab.

Extensions are granted subject to the schools Extensions and Late Penalties Policy at https://www.une.edu.au/about-une/faculty-of-medicine-and-health/school-of-psychology/current-students/policies

Part A: Annotated Bibliography

Ruby Williams

Student Number: 220180899

University of New England

PSYC200 Written Assignment 2023

Topic 1:

Word Count:

Part A Annotated Bibliography:WordsPart B Opinion Piece: Words

Part A

Goncalves, F., & Mello, S. (2021). A Few Bad Apples? Racial Bias in Policing. The American Economic Review, 111(5), 14061441. https://doi.org/10.1257/AER.20181607In this article, the authors examined the presence of racial bias in policing. The authors specifically examine the minority groups (i.e. Hispanic and Black racial groups) and comparing those who are more likely to be stopped by the police, convicted of a crime, denied bail and issued a length prison sentence against those of White background.

Rizzuto, T., Mitchell, T., Jackson, C., & Winchester, E. (2023). A Field Study of Racial Bias in Policing: Implications for Organizational Sciences. Journal of Business and Psychology, 38(1), 6374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-022-09809-z Atiba Goff, P., & Barsamian Kahn, K. (2012). Racial Bias in Policing: Why We Know Less Than We Should: Policing Racism. Social Issues and Policy Review, 6(1), 177210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-2409.2011.01039.xPart B