PHT70003 Research, Evidence and Translation Assignment

Task

Four physiotherapy practice scenarios are provided and serve as triggers for this assessment task. Each of the practice scenarios has many potential lines of inquiry (problems) for you to explore – these lines of inquiry each represent an ‘information need’. To complete this assignment, you will choose one (1) of the scenarios and then identify one (1) problem from the scenario that you will explore and use as the basis for your review.

The assignment will assess aspects of the following Unit Learning Outcomes:

1. Explain the principles of ethical, evidence-based practice and how this impacts on the physiotherapy profession and its advancement.

2. Evaluate the quality of research using appropriate appraisal tools.

3. Apply skills to formulate a clear research question from a practice problem.

4. Systematically search, critically analyse and interpret findings from different types of research design commonly used in physiotherapy.

5. Critique and appraise gaps within specific areas of physiotherapy research.

Getting started

Suggestions to help in identifying a problem/line of enquiry:

1. Select a scenario (from pp.5-6)
2. Read through the scenario and underline keywords
3. Make a list of concerns (i.e. information needs) that come to you when thinking about these keywords. Don’t limit yourself to one or 2 things at this stage – you're more likely to come up with something interesting and meaningful if you let yourself do a little brainstorming at this point. 
4. Narrow down your idea or information needs by writing the problem in a more focused way. Doing a quick search might also help to see what has already been written about this problem and this can help you to revise and redraft with more focus.  Eventually this stage will help you to write a focused research question.

Criteria

Once you have selected a practice scenario, you will:

• Identify a problem for further exploration (i.e. the early stage of developing a research question)
• Develop a research question that relates to that practice problem and 
• Conduct a preliminary / basic search of relevant existing literature related to your identified problem / question
• Decide literature that you will 
  • use as background to explain the problem and its significance to the physiotherapy profession (i.e. scene setting, to build context) 
  • appraise (targeted literature that directly answers the research question) 
• Appraise and synthesise the retrieved literature
• Identify gaps in the current literature
• Discuss future research considerations based on the appraisal, including existing limitations and recommendations for ongoing research

Advice regarding literature:

• This assignment does not require you to conduct a full systematic review.
• You should not include systematic reviews or clinical guidelines as the literature you appraise 
• The literature that you appraise is limited to 7-10 publications.
• The literature that you appraise is ideally published within the last 5 years. 

Content

You are encouraged to draft your assignment using the following headings to help with structure and content. Some questions have been provided as prompts to guide you. These prompts are provided for illustrative purposes only. It may be very appropriate to discuss other elements; this will be dependent on the practice problem you identify.

• Introduction
  • What is the practice problem you have identified, and what will you focus on? (i.e. set the scope and boundaries of the problem/topic)
  • Why have you chosen this problem? Why is it important? And to who?
  • What are your broad aims?
  • How is the remainder of the proposal (assignment) structured? (i.e. a preview of what your assignment will cover and how it will unfold)
• Background
  • Background (i.e. set the scene, expands on the ideas presented in the introduction)
  • Define key concepts (I.e. part of scoping and boundary setting)
  • What is the research question you have identified? 
  • Why is this question important to the practice problem you originally identified? (i.e. don’t repeat statements from introduction – instead expand and justify further)
• Appraise selected literature
  • Demonstrate your search strategy (i.e. search terms, strings, inclusion and exclusion criteria)
  • What have others done in this area? (i.e. appraise the literature)
  • What is the quality of this research – strengths and limitations? (i.e. appraise)
  • What have you based these judgements on? (i.e. appraisal tools)
  • Are there any areas of contention or conflict in the literature?
  • What are the research gaps?
  • What overall sense do you make of this research? (i.e. summarise, an integrated appraisal and your conclusions)
  • Think about ways you might present this information clearly and succinctly 
• Future research considerations
  • How might future research respond to the gaps and limitations you have identified? 
  • Briefly explain considerations in terms of
    • Paradigm/Research enquiry
    • Methodology / Type of study
    • Methods: Participants, data collection
    • Ethical considerations
    • Other issues
• Conclusion / summary to assignment (I.e. more of an overview to tie everything together)
• References

Scenarios

SCENARIO 1

You have recently begun a physiotherapy placement at EACH, Ringwood East in the Eastern suburbs of Melbourne. You were surprised to learn that EACH provides services to Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander people as you thought Aboriginal people mainly lived in remote areas of Australia. Your first outpatient tomorrow is a 75-year old female elder with poorly managed diabetes. The referral indicates that the consultant physician has referred her for an exercise program. The receptionist who made the booking has told you that the patient has been referred before but did not turn up for any of her scheduled appointments. You’re not sure if any form of exercise program will be suitable.

SCENARIO 2 

You are about to start a placement in slow-stream inpatient rehabilitation. You have told by your clinical supervisor that you should expect to see a lot of elderly people with diagnoses including arthritis, dementia and recurrent falls. You don’t know anyone that you consider to be elderly and feel that you don’t really understand the health needs of this population; you tend to think that getting older is associated with poor health. You remember seeing on the news a few years ago that the Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety was in progress, but you didn’t pay much attention to the outcome or recommendations You think the Royal Commission might have something to do with the quality of care received by older Australians but you’re not sure.

SCENARIO 3

The AFLW competition finished before Christmas. Despite it being the 6th time that there was an elite national AFL competition for women, there remained lots of ACL injuries – and re-injuries. You wonder about injury reoccurrence and return to sport in this population. You also wonder what the most effective training is for this population to prevent injury in the first place.

SCENARIO 4 

While telehealth has been around for a while, its use has become more commonplace since COVID-19. One of your family members has knee osteoarthritis and his first physiotherapy appointment will be next week via telehealth. You wonder about the effectiveness of treatment delivered this way. While you can see that telehealth has helped practitioners stay in business, you’re not sure if you would like to receive healthcare in this format. . 

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